🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 17.20
Chapter 17 · श्रद्धात्रयविभागयोग · Śraddhā-Traya-Vibhāga-Yoga · "The Yoga of the Three Types of Faith" · Verse 20 of 28
🪷 English Translations
Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.
Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
17.20 The gift which is given without thought of recompense, in the belief that it ought to be made, in a fit place, at an opportune time and to a deserving person - such a gift is Pure.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
17.20 That gift which is given to one who does nothing in return, knowing it to be a duty to give in a fit place and time to a worthy person, that gift is held to be Sattvic.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
17.20 Tat, that; danam, gift; is smrtam, referred to; as sattvikam, born of sattva; yat, which gift; is diyate, given; with the idea in mind datavyam iti, that it ought to be given without consideration; anupakarine, to one who will not serve in return, and even to oen who can; and dese, at the (proper) place-in holy places like Kuruksetra etc. ; kale, at the (proper) time-during Sankranti [During the passage of the sun or any planetary body from one zodiacal sign into another.-V.S.A.] etc.; and patre, to a (proper) person-to one who is versed in the Vedas together with their six branches, and such others.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
17.20 Gifts given without thought of return of favours and with the feelings, 'These gifts must be given,' at the proper places and time to a worthy person who makes no return - such gifts are said to be Sattvika.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
17.20. A gift which is given with the thought that 'One must give' and is given in a proper place, and at correct time to a worthy person, incapable of obliging in return-that gift is held to be of the Sattva.
🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices
The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.
Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
17.20 दातव्यम् ought to be given? इति thus? यत् that? दानम् gift? दीयते is given? अनुपकारिणे to one who does no service (in return)? देशे in a fit place? काले in time? च and? पात्रे to a worthy person? च and? तत् that? दानम् gift? सात्त्विकम् Sattvic? स्मृतम् is held to be.Commentary The gift should be given to one who cannot return the good or to one from whom no such return is expected.It is necessary to be in Kurukshetra or Varanasi or any part of the world that is eally sacred when one offes gifts. The time should be during solar or lunar eclips or an eally auspicious occasion.Worthy A pious person who is a Tapasvin? who is well versed in the scriptures (the Vedas and the,Vedangas)? who is able to protect himself and the donor? etc.At such a time and such a place there shoule be a person worthy to receive the gift? a person who is the very incarnation of purity? the very abode of good conduct. A gift may be freely given to such a highly deserving person. The donor should not boast of his charity.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
17.20 Tat, that; danam, gift; is smrtam, referred to; as sattvikam, born of sattva; yat, which gift; is diyate, given; with the idea in mind datavyam iti, that it ought to be given without consideration; anupakarine, to one who will not serve in return, and even to oen who can; and dese, at the (proper) place-in holy places like Kuruksetra etc. ; kale, at the (proper) time-during Sankranti [During the passage of the sun or any planetary body from one zodiacal sign into another.-V.S.A.] etc.; and patre, to a (proper) person-to one who is versed in the Vedas together with their six branches, and such others.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
17.20 Gifts given without thought of return of favours and with the feelings, 'These gifts must be given,' at the proper places and time to a worthy person who makes no return - such gifts are said to be Sattvika.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
17.20 See Comment under 17.22
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।17.20।। दान को कर्तव्य समझकर दिये जाने पर वह सात्त्विक दान कहलाता है। दान का ग्रहणकर्ता ऐसा व्यक्ति होना चाहिए जो प्रत्युपकार करने में असमर्थ हो। इसी प्रकार दान देते समय देश? काल और पात्र की योग्यता का भी विचार करना चाहिए। जिस देश काल में जिस वस्तु का अभाव हो? वही देशकाल उस वस्तु के द्वारा प्राणियों की सेवा करने के लिए योग्य समझा जाता है जैसे अकालग्रस्त प्रान्त में अन्नदान। योग्य पात्र से तात्पर्य अनाथ? दुखी? असमर्थ तथा श्रेष्ठ आचरणों वाले विद्वान जनों से है।कुछ विद्वानों का यह मत है कि दान देने में देश कालादि का विचार करने की कोई आवश्यकता नहीं है। जिस प्रकार एक वृक्ष अपने फलों को सभी वर्गों के लोगों को देता है? उसी प्रकार मनुष्य को अपने पास उपलब्ध वस्तुओं का दान करना चाहिए।अनेक लोगों को उपर्युक्त मत में विश्वास रखकर तदनुसार दान करने में कठिनाई अनुभव होगी। अत गीता का यह कथन उचित ही है कि मनुष्य को इस बात का विचार करना चाहिए कि उसका दान समाज के योग्य पुरुषों को प्राप्त हो रहा है अथवा नहीं।
🪷 Place in the Bhagavad-Gītā
- This is verse 20 of 28 in Chapter 17 · Śraddhā-Traya-Vibhāga-Yoga (The Yoga of the Three Types of Faith)
- Chapter theme: Three types of śraddhā · food · yajña · tapas · dāna · BG 17.23 Oṁ Tat Sat
- Ṣaṭka grouping: ANTYA-Ṣaṭka (BG 13-18 · the resolution)
- Chapter hub: /shraddha-traya
🪷 ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय 🪷
सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)