🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 5.1

Chapter 5 · कर्मसंन्यासयोग · Karma-Sannyāsa-Yoga · "The Yoga of Action-Renunciation" · Verse 1 of 29

अर्जुन उवाच

संन्यासं कर्मणां कृष्ण पुनर्योगं च शंससि।

यच्छ्रेय एतयोरेकं तन्मे ब्रूहि सुनिश्िचतम्।।5.1।।
Bhagavad-Gītā 5.1 · Devanāgarī root text

🪷 English Translations

5 received English translations are available for this śloka. Each voice is labelled; no single rendering is presented as the Sanskrit itself.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 edition attribution in the received data
5.1 "Arjuna said: My Lord! At one moment Thou praisest renunciation of action; at another, right action. Tell me truly, I pray, which of these is the more conducive to my highest welfare?
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
5.1 Arjuna said Renunciation of actions, O Krishna, Thou praisest, and again Yoga. Tell me conclusively that which is the better of the two.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
5.1 (O Krsna,) samsasi, You praise, i.e. speak of; sannyasam, renunciation; karmanam, of actions, of performance of various kinds of rites enjoined by the scriptures; punah ca, and again; You praise yogam, yoga, the obligatory performance of those very rites! Therefore I have a doubt as to which is better-Is the performance of actions better, or their rejection? And that which is better should be undertaken. And hence, bruhi, tell; mam, me; suniscitam, for certain, as the one intended by You; tat ekam, that one-one of the two, since performance of the two together by the same person is impossible; yat, which; is sreyah, better, more commendable; etayoh, between these two, between the renunciation of actions and the performance of actions [Ast. reads karma-yoga-anusthana (performance of Karma-yoga) in place of karma-anusthana (performance of actions).-Tr.], by undertaking which you think I shall acire what is beneficial. While stating His own opinion in order to arrive at a conclusion-
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
5.1 Arjuna said 'You praise the renunciation of actions, i.e., Jnana Yoga at one time, and next Karma Yoga'. This is what is objected to: In the second chapter, you have said that Karma Yoga alone should be practised first by an aspirant for release; and that the vision of the self should be achieved by means of Jnana Yoga by one whose mind has its blemishes washed away by Karma Yoga. Again, in the third and fourth chapters, you have praised Karma Yoga or devotion to Karma as better than Jnana Yoga even for one who has attained the stage of Jnana Yoga, and that, as a means of attaining the self, it (Karma Yoga) is independent of Jnana Yoga. Therefore, of these two, Jnana Yoga and Karma Yoga - tell me precisely which by itself is superior, i.e., most excellent, being more easy to practise, and icker to confer the vision of the self.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
5.1. Arjuna said O krsna, you commend renunciation of action and again the Yoga of action; which one of these two is superior [to the other] ? Please tell me that for certain.

🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद

Received Hindi rendering attributed in the source data to Swami Rāmsukhdās ji.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Hindi rendering · source-data attribution
।।5.1।। अर्जुन बोले -- हे कृष्ण ! आप कर्मोंका स्वरूपसे त्याग करनेकी और फिर कर्मयोगकी प्रशंसा करते हैं। अतः इन दोनों साधनोंमें जो एक निश्चितरूपसे कल्याणकारक हो, उसको मेरे लिये कहिये।

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

5 received English commentary layers are available for this śloka. Open only the voice you wish to study.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
5.1 संन्यासम् renunciation? कर्मणाम् of actions? कृष्ण O Krishna? पुनः again? योगम् Yoga? च and? शंससि (Thou) praisest? यत् which? श्रेयः better? एतयोः of these two? एकम् one? तत् that? मे to me? ब्रूहि tell? सुनिश्चितम् conclusively.Commentary Thou teachest renunciation of actions and also their performance. This has confused me. Tell decisively now which is better. It is not possible for a man to resort to both of them at the same time. Yoga here means Karma Yoga. (Cf.III.2)
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
5.1 (O Krsna,) samsasi, You praise, i.e. speak of; sannyasam, renunciation; karmanam, of actions, of performance of various kinds of rites enjoined by the scriptures; punah ca, and again; You praise yogam, yoga, the obligatory performance of those very rites! Therefore I have a doubt as to which is better-Is the performance of actions better, or their rejection? And that which is better should be undertaken. And hence, bruhi, tell; mam, me; suniscitam, for certain, as the one intended by You; tat ekam, that one-one of the two, since performance of the two together by the same person is impossible; yat, which; is sreyah, better, more commendable; etayoh, between these two, between the renunciation of actions and the performance of actions [Ast. reads karma-yoga-anusthana (performance of Karma-yoga) in place of karma-anusthana (performance of actions).-Tr.], by undertaking which you think I shall acire what is beneficial. While stating His own opinion in order to arrive at a conclusion-
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
5.1 Arjuna said 'You praise the renunciation of actions, i.e., Jnana Yoga at one time, and next Karma Yoga'. This is what is objected to: In the second chapter, you have said that Karma Yoga alone should be practised first by an aspirant for release; and that the vision of the self should be achieved by means of Jnana Yoga by one whose mind has its blemishes washed away by Karma Yoga. Again, in the third and fourth chapters, you have praised Karma Yoga or devotion to Karma as better than Jnana Yoga even for one who has attained the stage of Jnana Yoga, and that, as a means of attaining the self, it (Karma Yoga) is independent of Jnana Yoga. Therefore, of these two, Jnana Yoga and Karma Yoga - tell me precisely which by itself is superior, i.e., most excellent, being more easy to practise, and icker to confer the vision of the self.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
5.1 Samnyasam etc. Is renunciation superior or Yoga ? this is the estion of the doubting person (Arjuna).
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।5.1।। अर्जुन के इस प्रश्न से स्पष्ट होता है कि अनजाने में ही वह अपनी नैराश्य अवस्था से बहुत कुछ मुक्त हुआ भगवान् के उपदेश को ध्यानपूर्वक श्रवण करके विचार भी करने लगा था। स्वभाव से क्रियाशील होने के कारण अर्जुन को कर्मयोग रुचिकर तथा स्वीकार्य था। परन्तु अनेक स्थानों पर श्रीकृष्ण द्वारा अन्य यज्ञों की अपेक्षा ज्ञान अथवा कर्मसंन्यास को अधिक श्रेष्ठ प्रतिपादित करने से अर्जुन के मन में सन्देह उत्पन्न हुआ और यही कारण था कि वह स्वयं के लिए किसी मार्ग का निश्चय नहीं कर सका। अत इसका निश्चय कराना ही अर्जुन के प्रश्न का प्रयोजन है।और एक बात यह भी है कि मानसिक उन्माद का रोगी उस रोग के प्रभाव से कुछ मुक्त होने पर भी शीघ्र ही पूर्ण आत्मविश्वास नहीं जुटा पाता। यह सबका अनुभव है कि भयंकर स्वप्न से जागे हुए व्यक्ति को पुन संयमित होकर निद्रा अवस्था में आने के उपक्रम में कुछ समय लग जाता है। अर्जुन की ठीक ऐसी ही स्थिति थी। मानसिक तनाव एवं उन्माद की स्थिति से बाहर आने पर भी अपने सारथी श्रीकृष्ण के उपदेश को पूर्णरूप से समझने तथा विचार करने में वह स्वयं को असमर्थ पा रहा था। अर्जुन इस निष्कर्ष पर पहुँचा था कि भगवान् उसके सामने कर्मयोग तथा कर्मसंन्यास के रूप में दो विकल्प प्रस्तुत कर रहे हैं। अत वह श्रीकृष्ण से यह जानना चाहता है कि उसके आत्मकल्याण के लिये इन दोनों में से कौन सा एक निश्चित मार्ग अनुकरणीय है। इस अध्याय का प्रयोजन यह बताने का है कि ये दो मार्ग विकल्प रूप नहीं है और न ही परस्पर पूरक होते हुये युगपत अनुष्ठेय हैं।कर्मयोग तथा कर्मसंन्यास इनका इसी क्रम में आचरण करना है और न कि एक साथ दोनों का। यही इस अध्याय का विषय है।

🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या

Received Hindi vyākhyā attributed in the source data to Swami Rāmsukhdās ji.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Hindi vyākhyā · source-data attribution
5.1।। व्याख्या--'संन्यासं कर्मणां कृष्ण'--कौटुम्बिक स्नेहके कारण अर्जुनके मनमें युद्ध न करनेका भाव पैदा हो गया था। इसके समर्थनमें अर्जुनने पहले अध्यायमें कई तर्क और युक्तियाँ भी सामने रखीं। उन्होंने युद्ध करनेको पाप बताया (गीता 1। 45)। वे युद्ध न करके भिक्षाके अन्नसे जीवन-निर्वाह करनेको श्रेष्ठ समझने लगे (2। 5) और उन्होंने निश्चय करके भगवान्से स्पष्ट कह भी दिया कि मैं किसी भी स्थितिमें युद्ध नहीं करूँगा (2। 9)।प्रायः वक्ताके शब्दोंका अर्थ श्रोता अपने विचारके अनुसार लगाया करते हैं। स्वजनोंको देखकर अर्जुनके हृदयमें जो मोह पैदा हुआ, उसके अनुसार उन्हें युद्धरूप कर्मके त्यागकी बात उचित प्रतीत होने लगी। अतः भगवान्के शब्दोंको वे अपने विचारके अनुसार समझ रहे हैं कि भगवान् कर्मोंका स्वरूपसे त्याग करके प्रचलित प्रणालीके अनुसार तत्त्वज्ञान प्राप्त करनेकी ही प्रशंसा कर रहे हैं। 'पुनर्योगं च शंससि'--चौथे अध्यायके अड़तीसवें श्लोकमें भगवान्ने कर्मयोगीको दूसरे किसी साधनके बिना अवश्यमेव तत्त्वज्ञान प्राप्त होनेकी बात कही है। उसीको लक्ष्य करके अर्जुन भगवान्से कह रहे हैं कि कभी तो आप ज्ञानयोगकी प्रशंसा (4। 33) करते हैं और कभी कर्मयोगकी प्रशंसा करते हैं (4। 41)।

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APA: Vyāsa Maharṣi. (n.d.). Bhagavad-Gītā 5.1. Vidhyāmitra. Retrieved 2026-08-18, from https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/5/1
Chicago: Vyāsa Maharṣi. "Bhagavad-Gītā 5.1." Vidhyāmitra. Accessed 2026-08-18. https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/5/1.
MLA: Vyāsa Maharṣi. "Bhagavad-Gītā 5.1." Vidhyāmitra, 2026, https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/5/1.
Canonical reading URL: https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/5/1. This citation identifies Vidhyamitra's received digital witness; consult a named scholarly or printed edition when edition-specific authority is required.

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This page is rendered from the pinned 701-address witness documented on the Gītā index. Publication and search-indexing authorization for every bundled translation and commentary layer was confirmed on 4 August 2026; the exact received recension boundary remains disclosed separately.

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सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)