🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 4.32

Chapter 4 · ज्ञानकर्मसंन्यासयोग · Jñāna-Karma-Sannyāsa-Yoga · "The Yoga of Knowledge & Action-Renunciation" · Verse 32 of 42

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एवं बहुविधा यज्ञा वितता ब्रह्मणो मुखे।

कर्मजान्विद्धि तान्सर्वानेवं ज्ञात्वा विमोक्ष्यसे।।4.32।।
— Bhagavad-Gītā 4.32 · the yathārtha śloka (Devanāgarī Sanskrit · canonical)

🪷 English Translations

Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
4.32 In this way other sacrifices too may be undergone for the Spirit's sake. Know thou that they all depend on action. Knowing this, thou shalt be free.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
4.32 Thus, manifold sacrifices are spread out before Brahman (literally) at the mouth or face of Brahman). Know them all as born of action and thus knowing, thou shalt be liberated.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
4.32 Evam, thus; bahu-vidha yajnah, various kinds of sacrifices as described; vitatah, lie spread; mukhe, at the mouth, at the door; brahmanah, of the Vedas. Those which are known through the Vedas- as for instance, 'We offer the vital force into speech', etc.-are said to be vitatah, spread, elaborated; mukhe, at the mouth; brahmanah, of the Vedas. Viddhi, know; tan, them; sarvan, all; to be karmajan, born of action, accoplished through the activities of body, speech and mind, but not born of the Self. For the Self is actionless. Hence, jnatva, knowing; evam, thus; vimoksyase, you will become liberated from evil. By knowing thus- 'These are not my actions; I am actionless and detached'-You will be freed from worldly bondage as a result of this full enlightenment. This is the purport. Through the verse beginning with, 'The ladle is Brahman' etc., complete Illumination has been represented as a sacrifice. And sacrifices of various kinds have been taught. With the help of [Some translate this as: As compared with৷৷.-Tr.] those (sacrifices) that are meant for accomplishing desireable human ends, Knowledge (considered as a sacrifice) is being extolled: How?
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
4.32 Thus there are many kinds of Kamra Yoga, which are spread out for the attainment of the Brahman. That means, they lead to the realisaion of the true nature of the individual self. Know that all these are forms of Karma Yoga, which have been previoulsy defined and diversified, as born of actions. That means, know them as resulting from occasional and obligatory rites performed day by day. Knowing thus, observing them in the manner prescribed, you will be released. It has been stated that actions have the form of knowledge because of the inclusion of knowledge in them. Now Sri Krsna explains the predominance of the component of knowledge in such actions which include knowledge within themselves.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
4.32. Thus, sacrifices of many varieties have been elaborated in the mouth of the Brahman. Know them all as having sprung from actions. By knowing thus you shall be liberated.

🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद

For the Hindi-aware seer · Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's translation · the highest-readability modern Hindi rendering · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur tradition.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī tradition · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur · highest modern Hindi reading
।।4.32।। इस प्रकार और भी बहुत तरहके यज्ञ वेदकी वाणीमें विस्तारसे कहे गये हैं। उन सब यज्ञोंको तू कर्मजन्य जान। इस प्रकार जानकर यज्ञ करनेसे तू (कर्मबन्धनसे) मुक्त हो जायगा।

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
4.32 एवम् thus? बहुविधाः manifold? यज्ञाः sacrifices? वितताः are spread? ब्रह्मणः of Brahman (or of the Veda)? मुखे in the face? कर्मजान् born of action? विद्धि know (thou)? तान् them? सर्वान् all? एवम् thus? ज्ञात्वा having known? विमोक्ष्यसे thou shalt be liberated.Commentary The word Brahmanah has also been interpreted to mean In the Vedas.Various kinds of sacrifices are spread out at the mouth of Brahman? i.e.? they are known from the Vedas. Know that they are born of action? because the Self is beyond action. If you realise that these actions do not concern me? they are not my actin? and I am actionless? you will surely be liberated from the bondage of Samsara by this right knowledge. (Cf.IX.27XIII.15)
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
4.32 Evam, thus; bahu-vidha yajnah, various kinds of sacrifices as described; vitatah, lie spread; mukhe, at the mouth, at the door; brahmanah, of the Vedas. Those which are known through the Vedas- as for instance, 'We offer the vital force into speech', etc.-are said to be vitatah, spread, elaborated; mukhe, at the mouth; brahmanah, of the Vedas. Viddhi, know; tan, them; sarvan, all; to be karmajan, born of action, accoplished through the activities of body, speech and mind, but not born of the Self. For the Self is actionless. Hence, jnatva, knowing; evam, thus; vimoksyase, you will become liberated from evil. By knowing thus- 'These are not my actions; I am actionless and detached'-You will be freed from worldly bondage as a result of this full enlightenment. This is the purport. Through the verse beginning with, 'The ladle is Brahman' etc., complete Illumination has been represented as a sacrifice. And sacrifices of various kinds have been taught. With the help of [Some translate this as: As compared with৷৷.-Tr.] those (sacrifices) that are meant for accomplishing desireable human ends, Knowledge (considered as a sacrifice) is being extolled: How?
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
4.32 Thus there are many kinds of Kamra Yoga, which are spread out for the attainment of the Brahman. That means, they lead to the realisaion of the true nature of the individual self. Know that all these are forms of Karma Yoga, which have been previoulsy defined and diversified, as born of actions. That means, know them as resulting from occasional and obligatory rites performed day by day. Knowing thus, observing them in the manner prescribed, you will be released. It has been stated that actions have the form of knowledge because of the inclusion of knowledge in them. Now Sri Krsna explains the predominance of the component of knowledge in such actions which include knowledge within themselves.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
4.32 Evam etc. All these sacrifices have been detailed in the mouth of i.e., at the entrance to, i.e., as means to [attain], the Brahman. In them there lies the practice of actions as common factor. By knowing in this manner, you too shall attain liberation from bondage. The speciality here is this :
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।4.32।। जगत् में देखा जाता है कि दो विभिन्न कर्मों के फल भी भिन्नभिन्न होते हैं। अत इन बारह यज्ञकर्मों के फल भी विभिन्न होने चाहिए। यह दर्शाने के लिये कि इनमें भेद प्रतीत होते हुए भी सब का लक्ष्य एक ही है यहाँ कहा है कि इस प्रकार बहुत से यज्ञ ब्रह्मा के मुख में फैले हुए है इसका तात्पर्य है कि सभी यज्ञों का लक्ष्य ब्रह्म ही है। सभी राजमार्ग राजधानी को ही जाते हैं।उन सबको कर्मों से उत्पन्न हुए जानो भगवान् के इस कथन से दो अभिप्राय हैं (क) वेदों में उपदिष्ट इन साधनों का अभ्यास प्रयत्नपूर्वक करना चाहिये। भगवान् अर्जुन को स्मरण दिलाते हैं कि यदि वह आत्मविकास का इच्छुक है तो कर्म अपरिहार्य है। तथा (ख) ये सब यज्ञ केवल साधन हैं साध्य नहीं। हमारा लक्ष्य है पूर्णत्व की स्थिति जबकि कर्म उस पूर्णस्वरूप के अज्ञान से उत्पन्न इच्छाओं के कारण ही होते हैं।इस प्रकार जानकर तुम मुक्त हो जाओगे जानने का अर्थ बौद्धिक स्तर पर न होकर साक्षात् आत्मानुभूति से है।सम्यक् ज्ञान को ज्ञानयज्ञ कहा गया था। तत्पश्चात् अनेक प्रकार के यज्ञों का वर्णन किया गया है। अब अन्य यज्ञों की अपेक्षा ज्ञानयज्ञ की विशेषता बताते हुए उसकी प्रशंसा करते हैं।

🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या

Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · one of the greatest modern Hindi vyākhyās of the Gītā · direct, pure, deeply Vedāntic · the modern Sanātana-jāgaraṇa.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · Hindi vyākhyā · the modern bilingual anchor
।।4.32।। व्याख्या--'एवं बहुविधा यज्ञा वितता ब्रह्मणो मुखे'--चौबीसवेंसे तीसवें श्लोकतक जिन बारह यज्ञोंका वर्णन किया गया है, उनके सिवाय और भी अनेक प्रकारके यज्ञोंका वेदकी वाणीमें विस्तारसे वर्णन किया गया है। कारण कि साधकोंकी प्रकृतिके अनुसार उनकी निष्ठाएँ भी अलग-अलग होती हैं और तदनुसार उनके साधन भी अलग-अलग होते हैं। वेदोंमें सकाम अनुष्ठानोंका भी विस्तारसे वर्णन किया गया है। परन्तु उन सबसे नाशवान् फलकी ही प्राप्ति होती है, अविनाशीकी नहीं। इसलिये वेदोंमें वर्णित सकाम अनुष्ठान करनेवाले मनुष्य स्वर्गलोकको जाते हैं और पुण्य क्षीण होनेपर पुनः मृत्युलोकमें आ जाते हैं। इस प्रकार वे जन्म-मरणके बन्धनमें पड़े रहते हैं (गीता 9। 21)। परन्तु यहाँ उन सकाम अनुष्ठानोंकी बात नहीं कही गयी है। यहाँ निष्कामकर्मरूप उन यज्ञोंकी बात कही गयी है, जिनके अनुष्ठानसे परमात्माकी प्राप्ति होती है-- 'यान्ति ब्रह्म सनातनम्' (गीता 4। 31)।वेदोंमें केवल स्वर्गप्राप्तिके साधनरूप सकाम अनुष्ठानोंका ही वर्णन हो, ऐसी बात नहीं है। उनमें परमात्मप्राप्तिके साधनरूप श्रवण, मनन, निदिध्यासन, प्राणायाम, समाधि आदि अनुष्ठानोंका भी वर्णन हुआ है। उपर्युक्त पदोंमें उन्हींका लक्ष्य है।तीसरे अध्यायके चौदहवें-पंद्रहवें श्लोकोंमें कहा गया है कि यज्ञ वेदसे उत्पन्न हुए हैं और सर्वव्यापी परमात्मा उन यज्ञोंमें नित्य प्रतिष्ठित (विराजमान) हैं। यज्ञोंमें परमात्मा नित्य प्रतिष्ठित रहनेसे उन यज्ञोंका अनुष्ठान केवल परमात्मतत्त्वकी प्राप्तिके लिये ही करना चाहिये।

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सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)