🪷 पञ्चाङ्ग — New York, USA

June 5, 2026 CE · US · UTC-5

Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī
Śravaṇa nakshatra · Indra yoga · Taitila karaṇa · Śukravāra (Friday)

सूर्योदय / सूर्यास्त — Solar Times

Sūryodaya04:35Sūryāsta19:25

काल-विभाग — Divisions of the Day

Each window is shown with the rule that makes it and the source of the rule. Where the sources characterise a window, their words are given; this page adds no label of its own.

WindowTimeRuleSource
Brahma Muhūrta (ब्रह्म मुहूर्त)03:22 – 03:58the 14th fifteenth of the night ending at this sunriseManusmṛti 4.92; Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya Sūtra 2.1, with Aruṇadatta and Hemādri
  • Manusmṛti 4.92: "brāhme muhūrte budhyeta" (one should wake in the brāhma muhūrta and reflect on dharma and the Veda)
  • Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya Sūtra 2.1: "brāhme muhūrta uttiṣṭhet svastho rakṣārtham āyuṣaḥ" (the healthy should rise then, to protect life)
  • Aruṇadatta: "rātreś caturdaśo muhūrto brāhmo muhūrtaḥ"; Hemādri: "rātreś copāntyo muhūrto brāhmaḥ" (wording through a journal article)
Manu and Vāgbhaṭa name it; the 14th of the night is the commentators' definition
Abhijit Muhūrta (अभिजित् मुहूर्त)11:31 – 12:30the 8th fifteenth of the day, around middayṬikaṇikayātrā 3.7-8; Muhūrta-gaṇapati 83-86; Nārada-saṃhitā 9.4-5
  • Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.8: "tena yānam apahāya dakṣiṇāṃ sarvadikṣv abhijit praśasyate" (under Abhijit, travel in every direction but the south is praised)
  • Muhūrta-gaṇapati 83-84: in Abhijit, even where faults exist, one may do all auspicious work except travel to the south
  • Vālmīki-Rāmāyaṇa 6.4.3 calls the midday muhūrta Vijaya ("yukto muhūrto vijayaḥ prāpto madhyaṃ divākaraḥ")
Godhūli (गोधूलि)19:19 – 19:3115 pala before and after the half-set Sun (the text's sunset is the Sun's centre on the horizon)Muhūrta-mārtaṇḍa, Vivāha 38 (citing the Jyotirnibandha); Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Vivāha 6.100-101
  • Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 6.100: "godhūliḥ sā munibhir uditā sarvakāryeṣu praśastā" (the sages declared godhūli praised for all works)
  • Muhūrta-mārtaṇḍa, Vivāha 38: a lagna for marriage when no other good lagna is available
  • Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 11.54: for travel, godhūli except toward the west
MC 6.101 places the instant by season (in hemanta the rayless disk, in the hot season the half-set Sun, in the rains the Sun fully set); the half-set form is given
Niśītha (निशीथ)23:42 – 00:18the 8th fifteenth of the night: the middle of the night (not clock midnight)Dharmasindhu; Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 11.54
  • Dharmasindhu: niśītha is the middle of the night, finely the 8th muhūrta; the instant at which a tithi is taken for night observances
  • Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 11.54: for travel, niśītha except toward the north
Gulika Kālam (गुलिक)06:26 – 08:18Saturn's eighth of the day: part 2 of 8, counted from VenusBṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)
  • Kālaprakāśikā ch. 34 (tr. N. P. Subramania Iyer, 1917): for harvest, trade, medical treatment and the study of the Vedas "Gulika has no evil force"; ch. 33 note: "Gulika is not considered inauspicious"
  • Phaladīpikā 25.20 (as a natal upagraha): Gulika acts like Saturn
BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord
Yamaghaṇṭaka (Yamagaṇḍa) Kālam (यमघण्टक)15:43 – 17:34Jupiter's eighth of the day: part 7 of 8, counted from VenusBṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)
  • Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: listed with Ardhapraharam and Kālan as periods to be set aside
  • Phaladīpikā 25.19-20 (as a natal upagraha): Yamakaṇṭaka acts like Jupiter, the strongest of the upagrahas at giving good
  • Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 1.37-39 counts a Yamaghaṇṭa among the faulty moments (duṣṭakṣaṇa), in sixteenths of the day: the second half of this eighth
BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord
Rāhu Kālam (राहु काल)10:09 – 12:00part 4 of the day's 8 (Sun 8, Mon 2, Tue 7, Wed 5, Thu 6, Fri 4, Sat 3)South Indian almanac table (Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala); no verse found in BPHS, Bṛhatsaṃhitā, Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Muhūrta-mārtaṇḍa, Nārada-saṃhitā, Phaladīpikā, Dharmasindhu, Nirṇayasindhu or Praśna-mārga · regional convention
  • Uttara-kālāmṛta 2.29 (post-16th century; read in P. S. Sastri's English): not to bathe in the sea during it. The editor: "Standard texts have no mention of it."

चौघड़िया — Choghaḍiyā

An almanac convention of Gujarat, Rajasthan and Maharashtra: no verse defining it was found in the classical muhūrta texts; the names are the convention's own, and no further verdict is given here.

Day Choghaḍiyās (sunrise → sunset)

#NamePlanetTime
1Cara चरVenus04:35 – 06:26
2Lābha लाभMercury06:26 – 08:18
3Amṛta अमृतMoon08:18 – 10:09
4Kāla कालSaturn10:09 – 12:00
5Śubha शुभJupiter12:00 – 13:52
6Roga रोगMars13:52 – 15:43
7Udvega उद्वेगSun15:43 – 17:34
8Cara चरVenus17:34 – 19:25

Night Choghaḍiyās (sunset → next sunrise)

#NamePlanetTime
1Roga रोगMars19:25 – 20:34
2Kāla कालSaturn20:34 – 21:43
3Lābha लाभMercury21:43 – 22:51
4Udvega उद्वेगSun22:51 – 00:00
5Śubha शुभJupiter00:00 – 01:09
6Amṛta अमृतMoon01:09 – 02:17
7Cara चरVenus02:17 – 03:26
8Roga रोगMars03:26 – 04:34

१५ दिन-मुहूर्त — 15 Day-Muhūrtas

Each muhūrta is a fifteenth of the day, and of the night (Varāhamihira, Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.4); the names and their deities are his (3.2-3.3). He and the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (98.3) judge a muhūrta by its presiding deity; no muhūrta is labelled here.

#Muhūrta (deity)Time
1Śiva शिव04:35 – 05:35
2Bhujaga भुजग05:35 – 06:34
3Mitra मित्र06:34 – 07:33
4Pitṛ पितृ07:33 – 08:33
5Vasu वसु08:33 – 09:32
6Jala जल09:32 – 10:31
7Viśva विश्व10:31 – 11:31
8Viriñci (Abhijit) विरिञ्चि11:31 – 12:30
9Paṅkajaprabhava (Brahmā) पङ्कजप्रभव12:30 – 13:29
10Indra इन्द्र13:29 – 14:29
11Indrāgnī इन्द्राग्नी14:29 – 15:28
12Niśācara निशाचर15:28 – 16:27
13Varuṇa वरुण16:27 – 17:27
14Aryaman अर्यमन्17:27 – 18:26
15Yoni (Bhaga) योनि18:26 – 19:25

१५ रात्रि-मुहूर्त — 15 Night-Muhūrtas

#Muhūrta (deity)Time
1Rudra रुद्र19:25 – 20:02
2Aja अज20:02 – 20:39
3Ahirbudhnya अहिर्बुध्न्य20:39 – 21:15
4Pūṣan पूषन्21:15 – 21:52
5Dasra दस्र21:52 – 22:28
6Antaka अन्तक22:28 – 23:05
7Agni अग्नि23:05 – 23:42
8Dhātṛ धातृ23:42 – 00:18
9Indu इन्दु00:18 – 00:55
10Aditi अदिति00:55 – 01:31
11Guru गुरु01:31 – 02:08
12Hari हरि02:08 – 02:45
13Ravi रवि02:45 – 03:21
14Tvaṣṭṛ त्वष्टृ03:21 – 03:58
15Anila अनिल03:58 – 04:34

अयनांश — Ayanāṁśa of the Sūrya Siddhānta

The text's own motion of the equinox: a libration of ±27°, 600 turns in an Age (Sūrya Siddhānta III.9-10). Other schools' anchors are not used here.

SystemRuleValue
Sūrya Siddhānta (text)Libration ±27°, 600 turns per Age (III.9-10)22.9070°

Sources and Related Pañchāṅga Tools

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