yat — of which (the intermediate space); madhya-gataḥ — being situated in the middle; bhagavān — the most powerful; tapatām patiḥ — the master of those that heat the whole universe; tapanaḥ — the sun; ātapena — by heat; tri-lokīm — the three worlds; pratapati — heats; avabhāsayati — lights; ātma-bhāsā — by its own illuminating rays; saḥ — that; eṣaḥ — the sun globe; udagayana — of passing to the northern side of the equator; dakṣiṇa-ayana — of passing to the southern side of the equator; vaiṣuvata — or of passing through the equator; saṁjñābhiḥ — by different names; māndya — characterized by slowness; śaighrya — swiftness; samānābhiḥ — and by equality; gatibhiḥ — by movement; ārohaṇa — of rising; avarohaṇa — of going down; samāna — or of staying in the middle; sthāneṣu — in positions; yathā-savanam — according to the order of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; abhipadyamānaḥ — moving; makara-ādiṣu — headed by the sign Makara (Capricorn); rāśiṣu — in different signs; ahaḥ-rātrāṇi — the days and nights; dīrgha — long; hrasva — short; samānāni — equal; vidhatte — makes.
Translation
In the midst of that region of outer space [antarikṣa] is the most opulent sun, the king of all the planets that emanate heat, such as the moon. By the influence of its radiation, the sun heats the universe and maintains its proper order. It also gives light to help all living entities see. While passing toward the north, toward the south or through the equator, in accordance with the order of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, it is said to move slowly, swiftly or moderately. According to its movements in rising above, going beneath or passing through the equator — and correspondingly coming in touch with various signs of the zodiac, headed by Makara [Capricorn] — days and nights are short, long or equal to one another.
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