🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 3.27

Chapter 3 · कर्मयोग · Karma-Yoga · "The Yoga of Action" · Verse 27 of 43

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प्रकृतेः क्रियमाणानि गुणैः कर्माणि सर्वशः।

अहङ्कारविमूढात्मा कर्ताऽहमिति मन्यते।।3.27।।
Bhagavad-Gītā 3.27 · the yathārtha śloka (Devanāgarī Sanskrit · canonical)

🪷 English Translations

Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
3.27 Action is the product of the Qualities inherent in Nature. It is only the ignorant man who, misled by personal egotism, says: I am the doer.'
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
3.27 All actions are wrought in all cases by the alities of Nature only. He whose mind is deluded by egoism thinks, "I am the doer."
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
3.27 Karmani kriyamanani, while actions, secular and scriptural, are being done; sarvasah, in ever way; gunaih, by the gunas, (i.e.) by the modifications in the form of body and organs; (born) prakrteh, of Nature-Nature, (otherwise known as) Pradhana [Pradhana, Maya, the Power of God.], being the state of eilibrium of the three alities of sattva, rajas and tamas; ahankara-vimudha-atma, one who is deluded by egoism; manyate, thinks; iti, thus; 'Aham karta, I am the doer.' Ahankara is self-identification with the aggregate of body and organs. He whose atma, mind, is vimudham, diluded in diverse ways, by that (ahankara) is ahankara-vimudha-atma. He who imagines the characteristics of the body and organs to be his own, who has self-identification with the body and the organs, and who, through ignorance, believes the activities to be his own-, he thinks, 'I am the doer of those diverse activities.'
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
3.27 It is the Gunas of Prakrti like Sattva, Rajas etc., that perform all the activities appropriate to them. But the man, whose nature is deluded by his Ahankara, thinks, 'I am the doer of all these actions.' Ahankara is the mistaken conception of 'I' applied to the workings of Prakrti which is not the 'I'. The meaning is that it is because of this (Ahankara), that one who is ignorant of the real nature of the self, thinks, 'I am the doer' with regard to the activities that are really being done by the Gunas of Prakrti.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
3.27. The actions are performed part by part, by the Strands of the Prakrti; [yet] the person, having his self (mind) deluded with egoity, imagines 'I am [alone] the doer'.

🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद

For the Hindi-aware seer · Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's translation · a high-readability modern Hindi rendering · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur tradition. (→ Full Mahāpurusha-detail page for the 102-year-living Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī Mahātmā.)

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī tradition · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur · highest modern Hindi reading
।।3.27।। सम्पूर्ण कर्म सब प्रकारसे प्रकृतिके गुणोंद्वारा किये जाते हैं; परन्तु अहंकारसे मोहित अन्तःकरणवाला अज्ञानी मनुष्य 'मैं कर्ता हूँ' -- ऐसा मानता है।

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
3.27 प्रकृतेः of nature? क्रियमाणानि are performed? गुणैः by the alities? कर्माणि actions? सर्वशः in all cases? अहङ्कारविमूढात्मा one whose mind is deluded by egosim? कर्ता doer? अहम् I? इति thus? मन्यते thinks.Commentary Prakriti or Pradhana or Nature is that state in which the three Gunas? viz.? Sattva? Rajas and Tamas exist in a state of eilibrium. When this eilibrium is disturbed? creation begins body? senses? mind? etc.? are formed. The man who is deluded by egoism identifies the Self with the body? mind? the life force and the senses and ascribes to the Self all the attributes of the body and the senses. He? therefore? thinks through ignorance? I am the doer. In reality the Gunas of Nature perform all actions. (Cf.III.29V.9IX.9?10XIII.21?24?30?32XVIII.13?14).
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
3.27 Karmani kriyamanani, while actions, secular and scriptural, are being done; sarvasah, in ever way; gunaih, by the gunas, (i.e.) by the modifications in the form of body and organs; (born) prakrteh, of Nature-Nature, (otherwise known as) Pradhana [Pradhana, Maya, the Power of God.], being the state of eilibrium of the three alities of sattva, rajas and tamas; ahankara-vimudha-atma, one who is deluded by egoism; manyate, thinks; iti, thus; 'Aham karta, I am the doer.' Ahankara is self-identification with the aggregate of body and organs. He whose atma, mind, is vimudham, diluded in diverse ways, by that (ahankara) is ahankara-vimudha-atma. He who imagines the characteristics of the body and organs to be his own, who has self-identification with the body and the organs, and who, through ignorance, believes the activities to be his own-, he thinks, 'I am the doer of those diverse activities.'
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
3.27 It is the Gunas of Prakrti like Sattva, Rajas etc., that perform all the activities appropriate to them. But the man, whose nature is deluded by his Ahankara, thinks, 'I am the doer of all these actions.' Ahankara is the mistaken conception of 'I' applied to the workings of Prakrti which is not the 'I'. The meaning is that it is because of this (Ahankara), that one who is ignorant of the real nature of the self, thinks, 'I am the doer' with regard to the activities that are really being done by the Gunas of Prakrti.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
3.27 Prakreh etc. Indeed the actions are performed by the Strands, Sattva etc., belonging to the Prakrti. But the fool unnecessarily binds himself by wrongly comprehending 'I' am the doer'.
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।3.27।। भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण निरन्तर इस बात पर बल देते हैं कि अनासक्त अथवा निष्काम कर्म ही आदर्श है। यह कहना सरल परन्तु करना कठिन होता है। बुद्धि से यह बात समझ में आने पर भी उसे कार्यान्वित करना सरल काम नहीं। हम सबके साथ कठिनाई यह है कि हम जानते नहीं कि कर्म में आसक्ति को त्याग कर फिर कर्म भी किस प्रकार करते रहें। यहाँ भगवान् विवेक की वह पद्धति बता रहें हैं जिसके द्वारा इस अनासक्ति को हम प्राप्त कर सकते हैं।आत्म अज्ञान बुद्धि और मन के स्तर पर क्रमश इच्छा और विचार के रूप में व्यक्त होता है। ये विचार मन की सात्त्विक राजसिक एवं तामसिक प्रवृत्तियों के अनुरूप होकर शरीर के स्तर पर कर्म के रूप में व्यक्त होते हैं। इन तीनों गुणों में से जिस गुण का आधिक्य विचारों में होता है मनुष्य के कर्म भी ठीक उसी प्रकार के ही होते हैं। जैसे सत्त्व के कारण शुभ कर्म और रजोगुण तथा तमोगुण से क्रमश उत्पन्न होते हैं कामक्रोध से प्रेरित तथा क्रूर पाशविक कर्म। इस प्रकार हम देखते हैं कि इन वासनाओं का ही जगत् में व्यक्त होने वाला स्थूल रूप कर्म कहलाता है।जहाँ मन है वहाँ कर्म भी है। कर्म मन से ही उत्पन्न होते हैं और मन से ही शक्ति प्राप्तकर मन की सहायता से ही किये जाते हैं। परन्तु मन के साथ अविद्याजनित मिथ्या तादात्म्य के कारण मनुष्य स्वयं को ही कर्ता मानता है। कर्तृत्व की भावना होने पर फल की चिन्ता व्याकुलता एवं आसक्ति होना स्वाभाविक ही है।स्वप्न में अपने ही संस्कारों से एक जगत् उत्पन्न करके मनुष्य उसके साथ तादात्म्य स्थापित करता है उसे ही स्वप्नद्रष्टा कहते हैं। स्वप्न के दुख स्वप्नद्रष्टा के लिए होते हैं और किसी के लिए नहीं। स्वप्नजगत् के साथ तादात्म्य को त्यागने पर द्रष्टा के सब दुख समाप्त हो जाते हैं। इसी प्रकार वासना इच्छा कर्म अथवा फल स्वयं किसी भी प्रकार की आसक्ति को जन्म नहीं देते किन्तु जब हमारा तादात्म्य मन के साथ हो जाता है तो कर्तृत्व और आसक्ति दोनों की ही उत्पत्ति होती है। जिस क्षण इस विवेक का उदय होता है आसक्ति का अस्तित्व वहाँ नहीं रह पाता। जीवन शान्तिमय हो जाता है।परन्तु ज्ञानी पुरुष आसक्त नहीं होते क्योंकि

🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या

Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · one of the great modern Hindi vyākhyās of the Gītā · direct, pure, deeply Vedāntic · the modern Sanātana-jāgaraṇa. (→ Full Mahāpurusha-detail page · 1904-2005 · Corner 1 Mādhurya operational anchor · whose 6-lakṣaṇa-śaraṇāgati IS Constitutional Principle 24.)

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · Hindi vyākhyā · the modern bilingual anchor
।।3.27।। व्याख्या--'प्रकृतेः क्रियमाणानि गुणैः कर्माणि सर्वशः'-- जिस समष्टि शक्तिसे शरीर, वृक्ष आदि पैदा होते और बढ़ते-घटते हैं, गङ्गा आदि नदियाँ प्रवाहित होती हैं, मकान आदि पदार्थोंमें परिवर्तन होताहै, उसी समष्टि शक्तिसे मनुष्यकी देखना, सुनना, खाना-पीना आदि सब क्रियाएँ होती हैं। परन्तु मनुष्य अहंकारसे मोहित होकर, अज्ञानवश एक ही समष्टि शक्तिसे होनेवाली क्रियाओंके दो विभाग कर लेता है-- एक तो स्वतः होनेवाली क्रियाएँ; जैसे-- शरीरका बनना, भोजनका पचना इत्यादि; और दूसरी, ज्ञानपूर्वक होनेवाली क्रियाएँ; जैसे-- देखना, बोलना, भोजन करना इत्यादि। ज्ञानपूर्वक होनेवाली क्रियाओंको मनुष्य अज्ञानवश अपनेद्वारा की जानेवाली मान लेता है।प्रकृतिसे उत्पन्न गुणों-(सत्त्व, रज और तम-) का कार्य होनेसे बुद्धि, अहंकार, मन, पञ्चमहाभूत, दस इन्द्रियाँ और इन्द्रियोंके शब्दादि पाँच विषय-- ये भी प्रकृतिके गुण कहे जाते हैं। उपर्युक्त पदोंमें भगवान् स्पष्ट करते हैं कि सम्पूर्ण क्रियाएँ (चाहे समष्टिकी हों या व्यष्टिकी) प्रकृतिके गुणों द्वारा ही की जाती हैं, स्वरूपके द्वारा नहीं।

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BG 3.27local Bhagavad-Gītā verse route and source-anchor sectionChapter 3 hubKarma-Yoga · The Yoga of ActionMBh 6.25.27exact Bhīṣma-Parva source route for this Gītā verse/bhagavad-gitamaster index for all 18 chapters and 701 verse routesBhīṣma-ParvaMahābhārata narrative home where the Bhagavad-Gītā is received/mahabharatafull Itihāsa source spine for Vyāsa Maharṣi's MahābhārataBG 1 · Arjuna-Viṣāda YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Arjuna-Viṣāda YogaBG 2 · Sāṅkhya YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Sāṅkhya YogaBG 4 · Jñāna-Karma-SannyāsaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Jñāna-Karma-SannyāsaBG 5 · Karma-Sannyāsa YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Karma-Sannyāsa YogaBG 6 · Dhyāna YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Dhyāna YogaBG 7 · Krishna-Tattva (Jñāna-Vijñāna)TAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Krishna-Tattva (Jñāna-Vijñāna)BG 8 · Akṣara-Brahma YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Akṣara-Brahma YogaBG 9 · Rāja-Vidyā Rāja-GuhyaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Rāja-Vidyā Rāja-GuhyaBG 10 · Vibhūti YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Vibhūti YogaBG 11 · Viśvarūpa-Darśana YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Viśvarūpa-Darśana YogaBG 12 · Bhakti YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Bhakti YogaBG 13 · Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña YogaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña YogaBG 14 · Guṇa-Traya-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Guṇa-Traya-VibhāgaBG 15 · Puruṣottama YogaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Puruṣottama YogaBG 16 · Daivāsura-Sampad-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Daivāsura-Sampad-VibhāgaBG 17 · Śraddhā-Traya-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Śraddhā-Traya-VibhāgaBG 18 · Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yoga (Carama-Śloka)ANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yoga (Carama-Śloka)BG 2.47niṣkāma-karma-yoga action disciplineBG 4.34praṇipāta · paripraśna · sevā before tattva-darśī teachersBG 7.7mattaḥ parataraṁ nānyat · no source higher than KrishnaBG 9.17Krishna as father, mother, supporter, and grandfatherBG 10.30Krishna as Time among reckonersBG 13.23Paramātmā as witness, permitter, supporter, enjoyer, and LordBG 15.15Krishna seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetfulnessBG 18.61Īśvara situated in the heart of all beingsBG 18.66Carama-Śloka surrender discipline and final refuge/vishwaroopa-darshanaall 18 Gītā chapters rendered as one chart-aware darśana/vishvarupa-chartBG 11 chart-as-Viśvarūpa-darśana aperture/bija-sutrasfounder-curated bīja-pada exposition layer inside selected Gītā verse pages/binduDiamond of Darśanas frame for Gītā source recognition/philosophyKrishna = Paramaatma = Parabrahman constitutional foundation/llms.txtbrief AI-agent source map/llms-full.txtcomprehensive AI-agent access map
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सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)