🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 3.10

Chapter 3 · कर्मयोग · Karma-Yoga · "The Yoga of Action" · Verse 10 of 43

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सहयज्ञाः प्रजाः सृष्ट्वा पुरोवाच प्रजापतिः।

अनेन प्रसविष्यध्वमेष वोऽस्त्विष्टकामधुक्।।3.10।।
Bhagavad-Gītā 3.10 · the yathārtha śloka (Devanāgarī Sanskrit · canonical)

🪷 English Translations

Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
3.10 In the beginning, when God created all beings by the sacrifice of Himself, He said unto them: Through sacrifice you can procreate, and it shall satisfy all your desires.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
3.10 The Creator, having in the beginning (of creation) created mankind together with sacrifice, said, "By this shall ye propagate; let this be the milch cow of your desires (the cow which yields all the desired objects)."
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
3.10 Pura, in the days of yore, in the beginning of creation; srstva, having created; prajah, the beings, the people of the three castes; saha-yajnah, together with the sacrifices; Prajapati, the creator of beings, uvaca, said; 'Anena, by this sacrifice; prasavisyadhvam, you multiply.' Prasava means origination, growth. 'You accomplish that. Esah astu, let this sacrifice be; vah, your; ista-kama-dhuk, yielder of coveted objects of desire.' That which yields (dhuk) coveted (ista) objects of desire (kama), particular results, is istakama-dhuk. How?
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
3.10 As there is the scriptural text beginning with 'The Lord of Universe' (Tai. Na., 11.3), it is justifiable to take the term Prajapati in its wider connotation and interpret it to mean Narayana who is the Lord of all beings, the creator of the universe and the Self of the universe. In the beginning, i.e., during the creation, He, the Lord of beings, saw all beings helpless by their conjunction with beginningless non-conscient matter, bereft of the distinctions of name and form, and submerged in Himself. They were incapable of attaining the major ends of human existence, being almost one with non-conscient matter. He, the supremely compassionate, with a desire to resuscitate them, created them together with sacrifice in order that they might perform sacrifices as His worship and said: 'By this sacrifice, shall you prosper,' i.e., multiply and prosper. May this sacrifice fulfil your supreme object of desire called release (Moksa) and also the other desires that are in conformity with it. How, then, should this be done?
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
3.10. Having created creatures formerly [at the time of creation] together with necessary action, the Lord of creatures declared : 'By means of this, you shalll propagate yourselves; and let this be your wish-fulfilling-cow.'

🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद

For the Hindi-aware seer · Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's translation · the highest-readability modern Hindi rendering · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur tradition.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī tradition · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur · highest modern Hindi reading
।।3.10 -- 3.11।। प्रजापति ब्रह्माजीने सृष्टिके आदिकालमें कर्तव्य-कर्मोंके विधानसहित प्रजा-(मनुष्य आदि-) की रचना करके उनसे (प्रधानतया मनुष्योंसे) कहा कि तुमलोग इस कर्तव्यके द्वारा सबकी वृद्धि करो और वह कर्तव्य-कर्म-रूप यज्ञ तुमलोगोंको कर्तव्य-पालनकी आवश्यक सामग्री प्रदान करनेवाला हो। अपने कर्तव्य-कर्मके द्वारा तुमलोग देवताओंको उन्नत करो और वे देवतालोग अपने कर्तव्यके द्वारा तुमलोगोंको उन्नत करें। इस प्रकार एक-दूसरेको उन्नत करते हुए तुमलोग परम कल्याणको प्राप्त हो जाओगे।

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
3.10 सहयज्ञाः together with sacrifice? प्रजाः mankind? सृष्ट्वा having created? पुरा in the beginning? उवाच said? प्रजापतिः Prajapati? अनेन by this? प्रसविष्यध्वम् shall ye propagate? एषः this? वः your? अस्तु let be? इष्टकामधुक् milch cow of desires.Commentary Prajapati is the Creator or Brahma. Kamadhuk is another name for the cow Kamadhenu. Kamadhenu is the cow of Indra from which everyone can milk whatever one desires. (Cf.VIII.4IX.2427X.25).
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
3.10 Pura, in the days of yore, in the beginning of creation; srstva, having created; prajah, the beings, the people of the three castes; saha-yajnah, together with the sacrifices; Prajapati, the creator of beings, uvaca, said; 'Anena, by this sacrifice; prasavisyadhvam, you multiply.' Prasava means origination, growth. 'You accomplish that. Esah astu, let this sacrifice be; vah, your; ista-kama-dhuk, yielder of coveted objects of desire.' That which yields (dhuk) coveted (ista) objects of desire (kama), particular results, is istakama-dhuk. How?
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
3.10 As there is the scriptural text beginning with 'The Lord of Universe' (Tai. Na., 11.3), it is justifiable to take the term Prajapati in its wider connotation and interpret it to mean Narayana who is the Lord of all beings, the creator of the universe and the Self of the universe. In the beginning, i.e., during the creation, He, the Lord of beings, saw all beings helpless by their conjunction with beginningless non-conscient matter, bereft of the distinctions of name and form, and submerged in Himself. They were incapable of attaining the major ends of human existence, being almost one with non-conscient matter. He, the supremely compassionate, with a desire to resuscitate them, created them together with sacrifice in order that they might perform sacrifices as His worship and said: 'By this sacrifice, shall you prosper,' i.e., multiply and prosper. May this sacrifice fulfil your supreme object of desire called release (Moksa) and also the other desires that are in conformity with it. How, then, should this be done?
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
3.10 Saha-etc. The lord of creatures, the Supreme Soul, created creatures, just together with actions. It has also been declared by Him that the procreation i.e., lineage of creatures is through actions alone; these alone would give them what is desired viz., either the cycle of birth-and-death or emancipation - the cycle of birth-and-death is due to attachment and emancipation, due to the freedom from attachment. The sense-objects deserve to be enjoyed only by those for whom emancipation is the most important. This is declared :
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।3.10।। स्वयं सृष्टिकर्त्ता प्रजापति पंचमहाभूतों की सृष्टि रचकर अन्य प्राणियों के साथ मनुष्य को भी कर्म करने और फल पाने के लिये उत्पन्न करते हैं। उस समय वे यज्ञ को भी बनाते हैं अर्थात् उसका उपदेश देते हैं। यज्ञ का अर्थ है समर्पण बुद्धि और सेवा भाव से किये हुये कर्म। प्रकृति में सर्वत्र यज्ञ की भावना स्पष्ट दिखाई देती है। सूर्य प्रकाशित होता है और चन्द्रमा प्रगट होता है समुद्र स्पन्दित होता है पृथ्वी प्राणियों को धारण करती है ये सब मातृभाव से तथा यज्ञ की भावना से कर्म करते हैं जिनमें रंचमात्र भी आसक्ति नहीं होती।ब्रह्माण्ड की शक्तियाँ और प्राकृतिक घटना चक्र अपने आप सब की सेवा में संलग्न रहता है। जगत् में जीवन के प्रादुर्भाव के पूर्व ही प्रकृति ने उसके लिये उचित क्षेत्र निर्माण कर रखा था। जब विभिन्न स्तरों पर जीवन का विकास होता है तब भी हम प्रकृति में सर्वत्र चल रहा यज्ञ कर्म देख सकते हैं जिसके कारण सबका अस्तित्व बना रहता है और विकास होता रहता है।उपर्युक्त सिद्धांत को काव्यात्मकभाषा में यह अर्थ गर्भित श्लोक प्रस्तुत करता है। सृष्टिकर्त्ता ब्रह्मा जी ने सेवा की भावना तथा यज्ञ करने की क्षमता के साथ जगत् की रचना की। मानो उन्होंने घोषणा की इस यज्ञ में तुम वृद्धि को प्राप्त हो यह तुम्हारे लिये कामधेनु सिद्ध हो। पौराणिक कथाओं के अनुसार कामधेनु नामक गाय वशिष्ट ऋषि के पास थी जो सभी इच्छाओं की पूर्ति करती थी। इसलिये इस शब्द का अर्थ इतना ही है कि यदि मनुष्य सहयोग और अनुशासन में रह कर अनासक्ति और त्याग की भावना से कर्म करने में तत्पर रहे तो उसके लिये कोई लक्ष्य अप्राप्य नहीं हो सकता।यज्ञ से इसका कैसे सम्पादन किया जा सकता है

🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या

Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · one of the greatest modern Hindi vyākhyās of the Gītā · direct, pure, deeply Vedāntic · the modern Sanātana-jāgaraṇa.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · Hindi vyākhyā · the modern bilingual anchor
।।3.10।। व्याख्या--'सहयज्ञाः प्रजाः सृष्ट्वा पुरोवाच प्रजापतिः'--ब्रह्माजी प्रजा (सृष्टि) के रचयिता एवं उसके स्वामी हैं; अतः अपने कर्तव्यका पालन करनेके साथ वे प्रजाकी रक्षा तथा उसके कल्याणका विचार करते रहते हैं। कारण कि जो जिसे उत्पन्न करता है, उसकी रक्षा करना उसका कर्तव्य हो जाता है। ब्रह्माजी प्रजाकी रचना करते, उसकी रक्षामें तत्पर रहते तथा सदा उसके हितकी बात सोचते हैं। इसलिये वे 'प्रजापति' कहलाते हैं। सृष्टि अर्थात् सर्गके आरम्भमें ब्रह्माजीने कर्तव्य-कर्मोंकी योग्यता और विवेक-सहित मनुष्योंकी रचना की है (टिप्पणी प0 128)। अनुकूल और प्रतिकूल परिस्थितिका सदुपयोग कल्याण करनेवाला है। इसलिये ब्रह्माजीने अनुकूल-प्रतिकूल परिस्थितिका सदुपयोग करनेका विवेक साथ देकर ही मनुष्योंकी रचना की है।सत्- असत् का विचार करनेमें पशु, पक्षी, वृक्ष आदिके द्वारा स्वाभाविक परोपकार (कर्तव्यपालन) होता है; किन्तु मनुष्यको तो भगवत्कृपासे विशेष विवेक-शक्ति मिली हुई है। अतः यदि वह अपने विवेकको महत्त्व देकर अकर्तव्य न करे तो उसके द्वारा भी स्वाभाविक लोक-हितार्थ कर्म हो सकते हैं।

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सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)