🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 18.39

18.39 यत् which? अग्रे at first? च and? अनुबन्धे in the seel? च and? सुखम् pleasure? मोहनम् delusive? आत्मनः of the self? निद्रालस्यप्रमादोत्थम् arising from sleep? indolence and heedlessness? तत् that? तामसम् Tamasic? उदाहृतम् is declared.Commentary Anubandhe In the conseence after the termination. The pleasure that is begotten by evil habits like drinking liors and eating worthless things is delusive of the self. The man becomes oblivious of the path he ought to tread. Such pleasure is verily of the nature of darkness.

18.39 That joy is udahrtam, said to be; tamasam, born of tamas; yat, which; both agre, in the beginning; ca, and; anubandhe, in the seel, after the end (of enjoyment); is mohanam, delusive; atmanah, to oneself; and nidra-alasya-pramada-uttham, arises from sleep, laziness and inadvertence. Therefore, now is begun a verse in order to conclude this section [The section showing that all things in the whole of creation are under the influence of the three gunas.].

18.39 Pleasure of the Tamasika type causes delusion to the self at the beginning and the end of enjoyment. Here 'delusion' means the absence of knowledge about things as they are. Pleasure springing from sleep, sloth and error are the cause of it. Even at the time of experience, sleep etc., are the cause of delusion. It is clear how sleep causes delusion. 'Sloth' is indolence in sensory operations. When sensory activities are slow, dimness of knowledge results. 'Error' is heedlessness regarding what ought to be done. From this also occurs the dimness of knowledge. Thus, these two also cause delusion. Such pleasure is declared to be Tamasika. Therefore what is meant is this: subduing Rajas and Tamas, the Sattva alone should be allowed to develop by the aspirant for relase.

18.36-39 Sukham etc. upto udahrtam. At its time : at the time of its practice (use). Like poison (1st) : Because it is extremely difficult to give up the attachment for sense-objects cultivated during hundreds of [previous] life-periods. That has been said in the revealed literature as : '[The path of sprituality] is the edge of a razor, painful and difficult to cross over etc.' The serenity of intellect (or mind) results from serenity in the Self, as there exists nothing else to be aspired for. The [Rajasic] happiness springs from the mutual contact between the sense-objects and senses, just as in the case of the eye due to its contact with colur. That happiness which is due to sleep, indolence and heedlessness, explained earlier, is of the Tamas (Strand).

।।18.39।। जो सुख मनुष्य को मोहित करने वाला होता है और जो उसकी संस्कृति को विकृति में परिवर्तित कर देता है वह तामस सुख माना गया है। मोह का अर्थ है आत्मा और अनात्मा के भेद का अभाव।तामस सुख के स्रोत हैं? निद्रा? आलस्य और प्रमाद। निद्रा का अर्थ सर्वविदित निद्रावस्था तो है ही? किन्तु वेदान्त दर्शन के अनुसार स्वस्वरूप के अज्ञान की अवस्था भी निद्रा कहलाती है। इस आत्म अज्ञान के कारण ही मनुष्य विषय भोगों में सुख की खोज करता है और उसमें ही आसक्त हो जाता है।आलस्य क्रियाशीलता रजोगुण का धर्म है और उसके विपरीत आलस्य तमोगुण का धर्म है। तामसी पुरुष की कर्म को टालने की प्रवृत्ति होती है और इस प्रकार आलस्य में ही वह अपने समय को व्यतीत कर देता है। यही उसका सुख है। ऐसा पुरुष विचार करने में भी आलसी होता है। इसलिए वह जीवन में यथार्थ निर्णय नहीं ले पाता।प्रमाद यह सत्त्वगुण के लक्षण सजगता और विवेक के सर्वथा विपरीत लक्षण है। प्रमादशील मनुष्य अपने हृदय के उच्च गुणों के आह्वान की अवहेलना और उपेक्षा करके निम्न स्तर के भोगों में रमता है। फलत वह दिन प्रतिदिन पशु के स्तर तक गिरता जाता है।निद्रा? आलस्य और प्रमाद से प्राप्त होने वाला सुख प्रारम्भ और अन्त में मनुष्य को मोहित करने वाला होता है और ऐसा सुख तामस माना गया है।प्रस्तुत प्रकरण का उपसंहार करते हुए भगवान श्रीकृष्ण कहते हैं