🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 16.8

Chapter 16 · दैवासुरसम्पद्विभागयोग · Daivāsura-Sampad-Vibhāga-Yoga · "The Yoga of Divine & Demonic Endowment" · Verse 8 of 24

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असत्यमप्रतिष्ठं ते जगदाहुरनीश्वरम्।अपरस्परसम्भूतं किमन्यत्कामहैतुकम्।।16.8।।
Bhagavad-Gītā 16.8 · the yathārtha śloka (Devanāgarī Sanskrit · canonical)

🪷 English Translations

Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
16.8 They say the universe is an accident with no purpose and no God. Life is created by sexual union, a product of lust and nothing else.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
16.8 They say, "This universe is without truth, without (moral) basis, without a God, brought about by mutual union, with lust for its cause; what else?"
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
16.8 Te, they, the domoniacal persons; ahuh, say; that the jagat, world; is asatyam, unreal-as we ourselves are prone to falsehood, so is this whole world unreal; apratistham, it has no basis, it does not have righteousness and unrighteousness as its basis; it is anisvaram, without a God-nor is there a God who rules this (world) according to rigtheousness and unrighteousness (of beings). Hence they say that the world is godless. Moreover, it is aparaspara-sambhutam, born of mutual union. The whole world is born of the union of the male and female impelled by passion. (That union is) kama-haitukam, brought about by passion. Kama-haitukam and kama-hetukam are the same. Kim anyat, what other (cause can there be)? There exists to other unseen cause such as righteousness, unrigtheousness, etc. Certainly, the passion of living beings is the cause of the world. This is the view of the materialists.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
16.8 They maintain that the universe is 'without truth,' viz., they do not accept that this universe, which is the effect of Brahman denoted by the term Satya, has Brahman for its Self. They contend that it is bereft of any 'foundation,' viz., they do not accept that it has Brahman for its foundation. Brahman as Ananta supports the earth and bears all the worlds, as declared in 'This earth, sustained upon the head of this great serpent, supports in its turn, this garland of worlds, along with their men, demons and gods' (V.P., 2.5.27). They say that it is 'without a Lord,' viz. they don't accept that this universe is controlled by Me, the Lord of all, the Supreme Brahman, whose will is always true. It has been already averred: 'I am the origin of all; from Me proceed everything' (10.8). And they also contend thus: 'What else can exist without mutual causation?' i.e., except by the union of the male and the female among men, beasts etc. What else exists apart from this nature? The meaning is that nothing else is seen. Therefore the entire world is rooted in sexual lust.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
16.8. They say that this world is without truth; has no basis; and has no Lord; this is born not on the basis of the mutual cause-and-effect-relation [of the things]; it has nothing [beyond] and has no cause.

🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद

For the Hindi-aware seer · Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's translation · a high-readability modern Hindi rendering · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur tradition. (→ Full Mahāpurusha-detail page for the 102-year-living Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī Mahātmā.)

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī tradition · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur · highest modern Hindi reading
।।16.8।।वे कहा करते हैं कि संसार असत्य, अप्रतिष्ठित और बिना ईश्वरके अपने-आप केवल स्त्री-पुरुषके संयोगसे पैदा हुआ है। इसलिये काम ही इसका कारण है, और कोई कारण नहीं है।

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
16.8 असत्यम् without truth? अप्रतिष्ठम् without (moral) basis? ते they? जगत् the world? आहुः say? अनीश्वरम् without a God? अपरस्परसम्भूतम् brought about by mutual union? किम् what? अन्यत else? कामहैतुकम् with lust for its cause.Commentary They hold that the universe is without any substratum or support or an undying basic reality.This is a description of the opinion of atheists like the Charvakas and other materialists. They do not believe in the existence of Brahman Who is the support of this world. They do not even accept the existence of an Isvara in this world. They say We are unreal. Therefore this world also is unreal? the scriptures which declare the truth are also unreal. What else but lust can be the cause of this universe Sexual passion is the sole cause of all living creatures. There is no such thing as the theory of Karma. The whole world is caused by the mutual union of man and woman under the impulse of lust. There is neither virtue nor vice. There is no Lord Who dispenses the fruits of actions of the individuals according to virtue and vice. Dharma and Adharma are not the basis of this world. Sexual desire is the sole basis for this universe. This world is a world of chance. They are not endowed with the faculty of introspection. They are ignorant of the field (Nature) and knower of the field (God).Mutual union Sexual union it may mean the union of atoms. The world arose from the combination of atoms according to the Vaiseshikas.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
16.8 Te, they, the domoniacal persons; ahuh, say; that the jagat, world; is asatyam, unreal-as we ourselves are prone to falsehood, so is this whole world unreal; apratistham, it has no basis, it does not have righteousness and unrighteousness as its basis; it is anisvaram, without a God-nor is there a God who rules this (world) according to rigtheousness and unrighteousness (of beings). Hence they say that the world is godless. Moreover, it is aparaspara-sambhutam, born of mutual union. The whole world is born of the union of the male and female impelled by passion. (That union is) kama-haitukam, brought about by passion. Kama-haitukam and kama-hetukam are the same. Kim anyat, what other (cause can there be)? There exists to other unseen cause such as righteousness, unrigtheousness, etc. Certainly, the passion of living beings is the cause of the world. This is the view of the materialists.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
16.8 They maintain that the universe is 'without truth,' viz., they do not accept that this universe, which is the effect of Brahman denoted by the term Satya, has Brahman for its Self. They contend that it is bereft of any 'foundation,' viz., they do not accept that it has Brahman for its foundation. Brahman as Ananta supports the earth and bears all the worlds, as declared in 'This earth, sustained upon the head of this great serpent, supports in its turn, this garland of worlds, along with their men, demons and gods' (V.P., 2.5.27). They say that it is 'without a Lord,' viz. they don't accept that this universe is controlled by Me, the Lord of all, the Supreme Brahman, whose will is always true. It has been already averred: 'I am the origin of all; from Me proceed everything' (10.8). And they also contend thus: 'What else can exist without mutual causation?' i.e., except by the union of the male and the female among men, beasts etc. What else exists apart from this nature? The meaning is that nothing else is seen. Therefore the entire world is rooted in sexual lust.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
16.8 Asatyam etc. [It] has nothing beyond : Here there is no other thing beyond what is seen.
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।16.8।। आसुरी लोगों के वर्णन में हम ऐसे नितान्त संशयी और भौतिकवादी पुरुष को पहचान सकते हैं? जो जीवन की ओर केवल अपनी सीमित बुद्धि के दृष्टिकोण से ही देखता है। इसलिए? स्वाभाविक ही है कि वह न जीवन का कोई चरम लक्ष्य देख पाता है? और न ही इस अनित्य और परस्पर असंबद्ध प्रतीत होने वाली घटनाओं से पूर्ण जगत् का कोई नित्य अधिष्ठान स्वीकार कर पाता है। इन भौतिकवादियों की बुद्धि प्रखर होती है और वे स्वतन्त्र और मौलिक विचार करने में समर्थ होते हैं। इन लोगों को अल्प मार्गदर्शन की आवश्यकता होती है? जिससे कि वे अपनी सीमित बुद्धि के परे भी देख सकें। इस श्लोक में भौतिकवादी दृष्टिकोण का वर्णन किया गया है।भौतिकवादी वैज्ञानिक पद्धति से जगत् का निरीक्षण और विश्लेषण करते हैं? फिर भी वे उस सत्य को नहीं पहचान पाते? जो इस विश्व को धारण किये हुए है। वे परिवर्तनों को देखतें हैं? और इस सतत परिवर्तन को ही वे जगत् समझ लेते हैं? जिसके लिए किसी नित्य? अविकारी अधिष्ठान का होना वे नहीं मानते हैं। परन्तु? वैज्ञानिक भी अब स्वीकार करते हैं कि नित्य? अपरिवर्तनशील अधिष्ठान के बिना न जगत् में परिवर्तन हो सकता है और न ही वह ज्ञात हो सकता है। परिवर्तन तो एक सापेक्ष घटना मात्र है। एक स्थिर और गतिशून्य पर्दे के बिना चलचित्र का प्रक्षेपण नहीं किया जा सकता और नदी के स्थिर तल के बिना जल का अखण्ड प्रवाह नहीं बना रह सकता। उसी प्रकार अधिष्ठान के बिना आभास नहीं हो सकता। सम्पूर्ण जगत् का यह आश्रय ही सत्य कहलाता है परन्तु आसुरी स्वभाव के लोगों के अनुसार? जगत् निराश्रय है? सत्यरहित है।अनीश्वरम् जगत् का कोई अधिष्ठान नहीं है तब कमसेकम? क्या कोई सर्वज्ञ सर्वशासक है? जो जगत् की घटनाओं को नियन्त्रित करता है भोगवादी लोगों के अनुसार ऐसा कोई नियन्ता और निर्माता नहीं है। न सृष्टिकर्ता है और न पालनकर्ता ही है।इनके मतानुसार यह सम्पूर्ण चराचर जगत् केवल महाभूतों के परम्पर संबंध से उत्पन्न हुआ है और यह संबंध जिस किसी रूप में परिणित होता है? वह केवल संयोग की बात है? और न कि उसके पार्श्व में कोई नियम है। प्राणियों की उत्पत्ति का एकमात्र कारण है? कामवासना। आधुनिक मनोवैज्ञानिक भी इस बात पर बल देते हैं कि कामवासना ही अन्य समस्त वृत्तियों की जननी है? जिसके कारण समस्त घटनाएं घट रही हैं और जीवन की समस्त उपलब्धियाँ संभव,होती हैं।आसुरी लोगों के दृष्टिकोण को दर्शाने के पश्चात् भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण ऐसे लोगों के भाग्य के प्रति सहानुभूति अनुभव करते हुए उनके कर्मों को बताते हैं

🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या

Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · one of the great modern Hindi vyākhyās of the Gītā · direct, pure, deeply Vedāntic · the modern Sanātana-jāgaraṇa. (→ Full Mahāpurusha-detail page · 1904-2005 · Corner 1 Mādhurya operational anchor · whose 6-lakṣaṇa-śaraṇāgati IS Constitutional Principle 24.)

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · Hindi vyākhyā · the modern bilingual anchor
।।16.8।। व्याख्या -- असत्यम् -- आसुर स्वभाववाले पुरुष कहा करते हैं कि यह जगत् असत्य है अर्थात् इसमें कोई भी बात सत्य नहीं है। जितने भी यज्ञ? दान? तप? ध्यान? स्वाध्याय? तीर्थ? व्रत आदि शुभकर्म किये जाते हैं? उनको वे सत्य नहीं मानते। उनको तो वे एक बहकावा मानते हैं।अप्रतिष्ठं ते जगदाहुरनीश्वरम् -- संसारमें आस्तिक पुरुषोंकी धर्म? ईश्वर? परलोक (टिप्पणी प0 896.1)। (पुनर्जन्म) आदिमें श्रद्धा होती है। परन्तु वे आसुर मनुष्य धर्म? ईश्वर आदिमें श्रद्धा नहीं रखते अतः वे ऐसा मानते हैं कि इस संसारमें धर्मअधर्म? पुण्यपाप आदिकी कोई प्रतिष्ठा -- मर्यादा नहीं है। इस जगत्को वे बिना मालिकका कहते हैं अर्थात् इस जगत्को रचनेवाला? इसका शासन करनेवाला? यहाँपर किये हुए पापपुण्योंका फल भुगतानेवाला कोई (ईश्वर) नहीं है (टिप्पणी प0 816.2)। अपरस्परसम्भूतं किमन्यत् कामहैतुकम् -- वे कहते हैं कि स्त्रीको पुरुषकी और पुरुषको स्त्रीकी कामना हो गयी। अतः उन दोनोंके परस्पर संयोगसे यह संसार पैदा हो गया। इसलिये काम ही इस संसारका हेतु है। इसके लिये ईश्वर? प्रारब्ध आदि किसीकी क्या जरूरत है ईश्वर आदिको इसमें कारण मानना ढकोसला है? केवल दुनियाको बहकाना है। सम्बन्ध -- जहाँ सद्भाव लुप्त हो जाते हैं? वहाँ सद्विचार काम नहीं करते अर्थात् सद्विचार प्रकट ही नहीं होते -- इसको अब आगेके श्लोकमें बताते हैं।

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BG 16.8local Bhagavad-Gītā verse route and source-anchor sectionChapter 16 hubDaivāsura-Sampad-Vibhāga-Yoga · The Yoga of Divine & Demonic EndowmentMBh 6.38.8exact Bhīṣma-Parva source route for this Gītā verse/bhagavad-gitamaster index for all 18 chapters and 701 verse routesBhīṣma-ParvaMahābhārata narrative home where the Bhagavad-Gītā is received/mahabharatafull Itihāsa source spine for Vyāsa Maharṣi's MahābhārataBG 1 · Arjuna-Viṣāda YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Arjuna-Viṣāda YogaBG 2 · Sāṅkhya YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Sāṅkhya YogaBG 3 · Karma YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Karma YogaBG 4 · Jñāna-Karma-SannyāsaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Jñāna-Karma-SannyāsaBG 5 · Karma-Sannyāsa YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Karma-Sannyāsa YogaBG 6 · Dhyāna YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Dhyāna YogaBG 7 · Krishna-Tattva (Jñāna-Vijñāna)TAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Krishna-Tattva (Jñāna-Vijñāna)BG 8 · Akṣara-Brahma YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Akṣara-Brahma YogaBG 9 · Rāja-Vidyā Rāja-GuhyaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Rāja-Vidyā Rāja-GuhyaBG 10 · Vibhūti YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Vibhūti YogaBG 11 · Viśvarūpa-Darśana YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Viśvarūpa-Darśana YogaBG 12 · Bhakti YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Bhakti YogaBG 13 · Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña YogaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña YogaBG 14 · Guṇa-Traya-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Guṇa-Traya-VibhāgaBG 15 · Puruṣottama YogaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Puruṣottama YogaBG 17 · Śraddhā-Traya-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Śraddhā-Traya-VibhāgaBG 18 · Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yoga (Carama-Śloka)ANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yoga (Carama-Śloka)BG 2.47niṣkāma-karma-yoga action disciplineBG 4.34praṇipāta · paripraśna · sevā before tattva-darśī teachersBG 7.7mattaḥ parataraṁ nānyat · no source higher than KrishnaBG 9.17Krishna as father, mother, supporter, and grandfatherBG 10.30Krishna as Time among reckonersBG 13.23Paramātmā as witness, permitter, supporter, enjoyer, and LordBG 15.15Krishna seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetfulnessBG 18.61Īśvara situated in the heart of all beingsBG 18.66Carama-Śloka surrender discipline and final refuge/vishwaroopa-darshanaall 18 Gītā chapters rendered as one chart-aware darśana/vishvarupa-chartBG 11 chart-as-Viśvarūpa-darśana aperture/bija-sutrasfounder-curated bīja-pada exposition layer inside selected Gītā verse pages/binduDiamond of Darśanas frame for Gītā source recognition/philosophyKrishna = Paramaatma = Parabrahman constitutional foundation/llms.txtbrief AI-agent source map/llms-full.txtcomprehensive AI-agent access map
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सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)