🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 1.13

Chapter 1 · अर्जुनविषादयोग · Arjuna-Viṣāda-Yoga · "The Yoga of Arjuna's Despondency" · Verse 13 of 47

ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाः।

सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत्।।1.13।।
— Bhagavad-Gītā 1.13 · Devanāgarī root text

🪷 English Translations

5 received English translations are available for this śloka. Each voice is labelled; no single rendering is presented as the Sanskrit itself.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 edition attribution in the received data
1.13 And immediately all the conches and drums, the trumpets and horns, blared forth in tumultuous uproar.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
1.13. Then (following Bhishma), conches and kettledrums, tabors, drums and cow horns blared forth ite suddenly (from the Kaurava side) and the sound was tremendous.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
1.13 Sri Sankaracharya did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.10.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
1.1 - 1.19 Dhrtarastra said - Sanjaya said Duryodhana, after viewing the forces of Pandavas protected by Bhima, and his own forces protected by Bhisma conveyed his views thus to Drona, his teacher, about the adeacy of Bhima's forces for conering the Kaurava forces and the inadeacy of his own forces for victory against the Pandava forces. He was grief-stricken within. Observing his (Duryodhana's) despondecny, Bhisma, in order to cheer him, roared like a lion, and then blowing his conch, made his side sound their conchs and kettle-drums, which made an uproar as a sign of victory. Then, having heard that great tumult, Arjuna and Sri Krsna the Lord of all lords, who was acting as the charioteer of Arjuna, sitting in their great chariot which was powerful enough to coner the three worlds; blew their divine conchs Srimad Pancajanya and Devadatta. Then, both Yudhisthira and Bhima blew their respective conchs separately. That tumult rent asunder the hearts of your sons, led by Duryodhana. The sons of Dhrtarastra then thought, 'Our cause is almost lost now itself.' So said Sanjaya to Dhrtarastra who was longing for their victory. Sanjaya said to Dhrtarastra: Then, seeing the Kauravas, who were ready for battle, Arjuna, who had Hanuman, noted for his exploit of burning Lanka, as the emblem on his flag on his chariot, directed his charioteer Sri Krsna, the Supreme Lord-who is overcome by parental love for those who take shelter in Him who is the treasure-house of knowledge, power, lordship, energy, potency and splendour, whose sportive delight brings about the origin, sustentation and dissolution of the entire cosmos at His will, who is the Lord of the senses, who controls in all ways the senses inner and outer of all, superior and inferior - by saying, 'Station my chariot in an appropriate place in order that I may see exactly my enemies who are eager for battle.'
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
1.13. Then all on a sudden, the conch-shells, drums, tabors, trumpets, and cow-horns were sounded; that sound was tumultuous.

🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद

Received Hindi rendering attributed in the source data to Swami Rāmsukhdās ji.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Hindi rendering · source-data attribution
।।1.13।। उसके बाद शंख, भेरी (नगाड़े), ढोल, मृदङ्ग और नरसिंघे बाजे एक साथ बज उठे। उनका वह शब्द बड़ा भयंकर हुआ।

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

5 received English commentary layers are available for this śloka. Open only the voice you wish to study.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
1.13 ततः then शङ्खाः conches? च and? भेर्यः kettledrums? च and? पणवानकगोमुखाः tabors? drums and cowhorns? सहसा एव ite suddenly? अभ्यहन्यन्त blared forth? सः that? शब्दः sound? तुमुलः tremendous? अभवत् was.No Commentary.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
1.13 Sri Sankaracharya did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.10.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
1.1 - 1.19 Dhrtarastra said - Sanjaya said Duryodhana, after viewing the forces of Pandavas protected by Bhima, and his own forces protected by Bhisma conveyed his views thus to Drona, his teacher, about the adeacy of Bhima's forces for conering the Kaurava forces and the inadeacy of his own forces for victory against the Pandava forces. He was grief-stricken within. Observing his (Duryodhana's) despondecny, Bhisma, in order to cheer him, roared like a lion, and then blowing his conch, made his side sound their conchs and kettle-drums, which made an uproar as a sign of victory. Then, having heard that great tumult, Arjuna and Sri Krsna the Lord of all lords, who was acting as the charioteer of Arjuna, sitting in their great chariot which was powerful enough to coner the three worlds; blew their divine conchs Srimad Pancajanya and Devadatta. Then, both Yudhisthira and Bhima blew their respective conchs separately. That tumult rent asunder the hearts of your sons, led by Duryodhana. The sons of Dhrtarastra then thought, 'Our cause is almost lost now itself.' So said Sanjaya to Dhrtarastra who was longing for their victory. Sanjaya said to Dhrtarastra: Then, seeing the Kauravas, who were ready for battle, Arjuna, who had Hanuman, noted for his exploit of burning Lanka, as the emblem on his flag on his chariot, directed his charioteer Sri Krsna, the Supreme Lord-who is overcome by parental love for those who take shelter in Him who is the treasure-house of knowledge, power, lordship, energy, potency and splendour, whose sportive delight brings about the origin, sustentation and dissolution of the entire cosmos at His will, who is the Lord of the senses, who controls in all ways the senses inner and outer of all, superior and inferior - by saying, 'Station my chariot in an appropriate place in order that I may see exactly my enemies who are eager for battle.'
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
1.12 1.29 Sri Abhinavgupta did not comment upon this sloka.
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।1.13।। निसंदेह सभी योद्धागण अत्यधिक तनाव में थे परन्तु जैसे ही उन्होंने शंखनाद सुना सबने अपनाअपना शंख उठाकर शंखध्वनि की। उसके बाद युद्ध के वाद्य शंख भेरी नगाड़े आदि युद्ध की घोषणा के रूप में बजने लगे। संजय इस कोलाहल का वर्णन तुमुलध्वनि हुई इस प्रकार करता है। परन्तु आगे प्रत्युत्तर में हुई पाण्डवों की शंखध्वनि का वर्णन करते हुए कहता है कि वह शब्द इतना भयंकर था कि आकाश और पृथ्वी उससे गूँजने लगे और कौरवों के हृदय विदीर्ण होने लगे। इस वर्णन से स्पष्ट होता है कि संजय दुर्योधन के इस कार्य का विरोधी था। अत हम पूर्ण विश्वास के साथ उसके द्वारा वर्णित युद्धभूमि में दिये गये भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण के उपदेश को स्वीकार कर सकते हैं।

🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या

Received Hindi vyākhyā attributed in the source data to Swami Rāmsukhdās ji.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Hindi vyākhyā · source-data attribution
1.13।। व्याख्या--'ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानक-गोमुखाः'-- यद्यपि भीष्मजीने युद्धारम्भकी घोषणा करनेके लिये शंख नहीं बजाया था, प्रत्युत दुर्योधनको प्रसन्न करनेके लिये ही शंख बजाया था,तथापि कौरवसेनाने भीष्मजीके शंखवादनको युद्धकी घोषणा ही समझा। अतः भीष्मजीके शंख बजानेपर कौरवसेनाके शंख आदि सब बाजे एक साथ बज उठे। 'शंख' समुद्रसे उत्पन्न होते हैं। ये ठाकुरजीकी सेवापूजामें रखे जाते हैं और आरती उतारने आदिके काममें आते हैं। माङ्गलिक कार्योंमें तथा युद्धके आरम्भमें ये मुखसे फूँक देकर बजाये जाते हैं। 'भेरी' नाम नगाड़ोंका है (जो बड़े नगाड़े होते हैं उनको नौबत कहते हैं)। ये नगाड़े लोहेके बने हुए और भैंसेके चमड़ेसे मढ़े हुए होते हैं तथा लकड़ीके डंडेसे बजाये जाते हैं। ये मन्दिरोंमें एवं राजाओंके किलोंमें रखे जाते हैं। उत्सव और माङ्गलिक कार्योंमें ये विशेषतासे बजाये जाते हैं। राजाओंके यहाँ ये रोज बजाये जाते हैं।'पणव' नाम ढोलका है। ये लोहेके अथवा लकड़ीके बने हुए और बकरेके चमड़ेसे मढ़े हुए होते हैं तथा हाथसे या लकड़ीके डंडेसे बजाये जाते हैं। ये आकारमें ढोलकीकी तरह होनेपर भी ढोलकीसे बड़े होते हैं। कार्यके आरम्भमें पणवोंको बजाना गणेशजीके पूजनके समान माङ्गलिक माना जाता है। 'आनक' नाम मृदङ्गका है। इनको पखावज भी कहते हैं। आकारमें ये लकड़ीकी बनायी हुई ढोलकीके समान होते हैं। ये मिट्टीके बने हुए और चमड़ेसे मढ़े हुए होते हैं तथा हाथसे बजाये जाते हैं। 'गोमुख' नाम नरसिंघेका है। ये आकारमें साँपकी तरह टेढ़े होते हैं और इनका मुख गायकी तरह होता है। ये मुखकी फूँकसे बजाये जाते हैं।

🪷 Place in the Bhagavad-Gītā

← Previous verse · BG 1.12Adhyāya 1Next verse · BG 1.14 →
📚 Cite this verse · Academic citation formats
APA: Vyāsa Maharṣi. (n.d.). Bhagavad-Gītā 1.13. Vidhyāmitra. Retrieved 2026-08-17, from https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/1/13
Chicago: Vyāsa Maharṣi. "Bhagavad-Gītā 1.13." Vidhyāmitra. Accessed 2026-08-17. https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/1/13.
MLA: Vyāsa Maharṣi. "Bhagavad-Gītā 1.13." Vidhyāmitra, 2026, https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/1/13.
Canonical reading URL: https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/1/13. This citation identifies Vidhyamitra's received digital witness; consult a named scholarly or printed edition when edition-specific authority is required.

Continue the Pāṭha

Source and edition boundary

This page is rendered from the pinned 701-address witness documented on the Gītā index. Publication and search-indexing authorization for every bundled translation and commentary layer was confirmed on 4 August 2026; the exact received recension boundary remains disclosed separately.

🪷 ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय 🪷

सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)