Sūrya Siddhānta · Chapter 9 of 14

Chapter 9: Heliacal risings and settings

18 verses. Each section gives the verses, what they state, and, where they compute, the functions that compute them (in SuryaSiddhantaBurgess.js, each checked by a test citing the verse).

9.1 · descriptive (nothing to compute)

the bodies whose orbs are overwhelmed by the Sun's rays

1. athodayastamayayoh parijñānaṃ prakīrtyate/
divākarakarākrāntamūrtinām aplatejasām//

9.2-3 · computed

which horizon and whether rising or setting

2. sūryād abhyadhikāh paścād astaṃ jīvakujārjajāh/
ūnāh prāgudayaṃ yānti śukrajñau vakriṇau tathā//

3. ūnā vivasvatah prācyām astaṃ candrajñabhārgavāh/
vrajanty abhyadhikāh pascād udayaṃ śīghrayāyinah//

Computed by: heliacalSituation

9.4-5 · computed

apparent places at sunrise or sunset; degrees of time by oblique ascension

4. sūryāstakālikau paścāt prācyām udayakālikau/
divā cārkagrahau kuryād dṛkkarmātha grahasya tu//

5. tato lagnāntaraprāṇāḥ kālāṃśāh ṣaṣṭibhājitāh/
pratīcyāṃ ṣaḍbhayutayos tadval lagnāntarāsavah//

Computed by: heliacaldegreesOfTimehorizonLatitudeCorrection

9.6-9 · computed

the limits for each planet; visible beyond them

6. ekādaśāmarejyasya tithisaṅkhyārkajasya ca/
astāṃśā bhūmiputrasya daśa saptādhikās tatah//

7. paścād astamayo +aṣṭābhir udayah prāṅmahattayā/
prāg astam udayah paścād alpatvād daśabhir bhṛgoh//

8. evaṃ budho dvādaśabhiś caturdaśabhir aṃśakaih/
vakrī śīghragatiś cārkāt karoty astmayodayau//

9. ebhyo +adhikaih kālabhāgair dṛśyā nyūnair adarśanāh/
bhavanti loke khacarā bhānubhāgrastamūrtayah//

Computed by: heliacalLimitheliacal

9.10-11 · computed

days to or since the event, by the daily motions in time

10. tatkālāṃśāntarakalā bhuktyantaravibhājitāh/
dinādi tatphalaṃ labdhaṃ bhuktiyogena vakriṇah//

11. tallagnāsuhate bhuktī aṣṭādaśaśatoddhṛte/
syātāṃ kālagatī tābhyāṃ dinādi gatagamyayoh//

Computed by: heliacal

9.12-15 · computed

the limits for the asterisms and other stars

12. svātyagastyamṛgavyādhacitrājyeṣṭhāh punarvasuh/
abhijid brahmahṛdayaṃ trayodaśabhir aṃśakaih//

13. hastaśravaṇaphālgunyah śraviṣṭā rohiṇīmaghāh/
caturdaśāṃśakair dṛśyā viśākhāśvinidaivatam//

14. kṛttikāmaitramūlāni sārpaṃ raudrarkṣam eva ca/
dṛśyante pañcadaśabhir āṣāḍhād dvitayaṃ tathā//

15. bharaṇītiṣyasaumyāni saukṣmyāt trihsaptakāṃśakaih/
śeṣāṇi saptadaśabhir dṛśyādṛśyāni bhāni tu//

Computed by: asterismVisibilityLimit

9.16 · computed

degrees of visibility on the ecliptic

16. aṣṭādaśaśatābhyastā dṛśyāṃśāh svodayāsubhih/
vibhajya labdhāh kṣetrāṃśās tair dṛśyādṛśyatāthavā//

Computed by: eclipticDegreesOfVisibility

9.17-18 · computed

asterisms rise in the east and set in the west, by the Sun's motion; those never lost

17. prāg eṣām udayah paścād asto dṛkkarma pūrvavat/
gataiṣyadivasaprāptir bhānubhuktyā sadaiva hi//

18. abhijid brahmahṛdayaṃ svātīvaiṣṇavavāsavāh/
ahirbudhnyam udakṣthatvān na lupyante +arkaraśmibhih// [candraśṛṅgonna]

Computed by: asterismHeliacalNEVER_HELIACALLY_SET

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Sanskrit: Michio Yano's e-text, GRETIL, SUB Göttingen (version 2020-07-31) (source); editions: B: Hall, Bibliotheca Indica 79, Calcutta 1854; C: Kāśī Saṃskṛta Granthamālā 144, 4th ed. 1987; D: with Sudhākara Dvivedī's commentary, 1987. Variants in ( ) after a word marked *. Licence: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0); shared here unaltered except for layout and one correction: The e-text labels the second half of II.34 "3.34b"; it is placed under II.34 here.Chapter titles, verse numbers and the ledger follow E. Burgess, Translation of the Sûrya-Siddhânta (JAOS 6, 1860).