🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 7.2

7.2 ज्ञानम् indirect knowledge of Sastras? ते to thee? अहम् I? सविज्ञानम् combined with realisation (direct knowledge of the Atman through experience)? इदम् this? वक्ष्यामि will declare? अशेषतः in full? यत् which? ज्ञात्वा having known? न not? इह here? भूयः more? अन्यत् anything else? ज्ञातव्यम् what ought to be known? अवशिष्यते remains.Commentary Jnanam is Paroksha Jnanam or indirect knowledge of Brahman obtained through the study of the Upanishads. Vijnanam is Visesha Jnanam? i.e.? Aparoksha Jnanam obtained through direct Selfrealisation (intuitional wisdom).In this verse the Lord praises knowledge in order to make Arjuna follow His instruction closely with rapt attention? faith and interest. The Lord says I shall teach thee in full. You will attain to omniscience or perfect knowledge of the Self? after knowing which nothing more remains to be known here. If anyone attains the knowledge of the Self? he will know everything. That is the reason why Saunaka? the great householder? approacehd Angirasa respectfully and asked What is that? O Lord? which being known all this becomes known (Cf.XIII.11)

7.2 Aham, I; vaksyami, shall tell; te, you; asesatah, in detail, fully; of that (Knowledge) about Myself, which is idam, this; jnanam, Knowlege; which is savijnanam, combined with realization, associated with personal enlightenment; yat jnatva, after experiencing which Knowledge; avasisyate, there remains; na anyat, nothing else, anything that can be a means to human ends; jnatavyam, to be known; bhuyah, again; iha, here. (In this way) the Lord praises that Knowledge which is intended to be spoken, in order ot draw the attention of the hearer. Thus, 'he who knows Me in reality becomes omniscient.' This is the idea. Therefore Knowledge is difficult to attain because of its superexcellent result. How so? This is being answered:

7.2 I will declare to you in full this knowledge having Me for its object, along with Vijnana or distinguishing knowledge. Vijnana is that knowledge of God in which His nature is distinguished form all things. I am distinguished from all things, animate and inanimate, as the only Being opposed to all that is evil and endowed with infinitely great manifestation of countless multiples of attributes of all kinds which are auspicious, unsurpassed and without limit. I will declare to you that knowledge which has My essence as its object. Why say much? I shall declare to you that knowledge knowing which nothing else remains to be known again in relation to Myself. Sri Krsna declares that this knowledge, which will now be taught, is difficult to attain:

7.1-2 Mayi etc. Jnanam etc. The words jnana and vijnana mean [respectively] 'knowledge' and 'action'. There remains nothing apart from these [two]. For, all the knowables are rooted in the knowledge and action.

।।7.2।। श्री शंकराचार्य के अनुसार शास्योक्त पदार्थों का परिज्ञान ज्ञान है तथा शास्त्र से ज्ञात तत्त्व का यथार्थ रूप में स्वानुभव होना विज्ञान है। जहाँ भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण अर्जुन को वचन देते हैं कि वे न केवल शास्त्रीय सिद्धांतों का वर्णन करेंगे वरन् प्रवचनकाल में ही वे उसे आत्मानुभव के सर्वोच्च शिखर तक पहुँचा भी देंगे। उनका यह कथन कुछ अविश्वसनीय प्रतीत हो सकता है क्योंकि योग साधना तथा भारतीय दर्शन की अन्य शाखाओं में साधक को लक्ष्य का ज्ञान प्राप्त करने के पश्चात् उसकी प्राप्ति के लिये विशेष साधना करनी होती है। परन्तु वेदान्त शास्त्र इनसे भिन्न है क्योंकि इसमें साधक को उसके नित्यसिद्ध स्वरूप का ही बोध कराया गया है न कि स्व्ायं से भिन्न किसी वस्तु का। अत एक सुयोग्य विद्यार्थी को उपदेश ग्रहण के पश्चात् आत्मानुभव के लिये कहीं किसी वन प्रान्त में जाने की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है।यदि शिष्य ज्ञान के लिये आवश्यक गुणों से सम्पन्न है और गुरु के बताये हुए तर्कों को समझने में समर्थ है तो उसे अध्ययन काल में ही आत्मानुभव हो सकता है। यही कारण है कि वेदान्त केवल सुयोग्य विद्यार्थियों को ही पढ़ाया जाता है। उत्तम शिष्य के लिये आत्मानुभूति तत्काल प्राप्य है। उसे कालान्तर अथवा देशान्तर की अपेक्षा नहीं होती।यदि वेदान्त एक पूर्ण शास्त्र है और उपदेश काल में ही आत्मानुभव सिद्ध हो सकता है तो फिर क्या कारण है कि विश्वभर में ऐसे ज्ञानी पुरुष विरले ही होते हैं भगवान् कहते हैं