🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 18.46

Chapter 18 · मोक्षसंन्यासयोग · Mokṣa-Sannyāsa-Yoga · "The Yoga of Liberation & Renunciation" · Verse 46 of 78

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यतः प्रवृत्तिर्भूतानां येन सर्वमिदं ततम्।स्वकर्मणा तमभ्यर्च्य सिद्धिं विन्दति मानवः।।18.46।।
Bhagavad-Gītā 18.46 · the yathārtha śloka (Devanāgarī Sanskrit · canonical)

🪷 English Translations

Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
18.46 Man reaches perfection by dedicating his actions to God, Who is the source of all being, and fills everything.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
18.46 He from Whom all the beings have evolved and by Whom all this is pervaded worshipping Him with his own duty, man attains perfection.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
18.46 Manavah, a human being; vindati, achieves; siddhim, success, merely in the form of the ability for steadfastness in Knowledge; abhyarcya, by adoring, worshipping; svakarmana, with his own duties stated above, as allotted to each caste; tam, Him, God; yatah, from whom, from which God; comes pravrttih, origin,-or, from which internal Ruler comes the activities; ;bhutanam, of creatures, of living beings; and yena, by whom, by which God; is tatam, pervaded; sarvam, all; idam, this world. Since this is so, therefore,
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
18.46 He from whom arise all activities as origination of all beings and by whom all this is pervaded, by worshipping Him, i.e., Myself, who abide in Indra and other divinites as the Inner Ruler, man attains perfection, consisting in the attainment of Myself by My grace. It has been told before that everything originates from Me and all this is pervaded by Me, in texts like the following: 'I am the origin and dissolution of the whole universe' (7.6), 'There is nothing higher than Myself, O Arjuna' (7.7), 'This entire universe is pervaded by Me in an unmanifest form' (9.4), 'Under My supervision, the Prakrti gives birth to all mobile and immobile entities' (9.10) and 'I am the origin of all; from Me proceed everything' (10.8).
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
18.46. That, whence the activities of the beings arise; by which this universe is pervaded-worshipping That by one's own prescribed action, a man attains success.

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
18.46 यतः from whom? प्रवृत्तिः (is) the evolution? भूतानाम् of beings? येन by whom? सर्वम् all? इदम् this? ततम् is pervaded? स्वकर्मणा with his own duty? तम् Him? अभ्यर्च्य worshipping? सिद्धिम् perfection? विन्दति attains? मानवः man.Commentary The performance by a man of his own duty is simply carrying into effect the intention of the Supreme from Whom the whole of the creation emanates. When a man worships Him? the Supreme Being? with the flowers of his action? then He is immensely pleased and being thus gratified by such worship He confers on Him? as a boon? dispassion and discrimination.Pravritti Evolution or activity it proceeds from the Lord? the Antaryamin? the Inner Ruler.Bhutanam Beings living creatures.Svakarmana With his own duty each according to his caste as described above.Man attains perfection by worshipping the Lord by performing his own duty? i.e.? he becomes alified for the dawn of Selfknowledge (for Jnana Yoga).
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
18.46 Manavah, a human being; vindati, achieves; siddhim, success, merely in the form of the ability for steadfastness in Knowledge; abhyarcya, by adoring, worshipping; svakarmana, with his own duties stated above, as allotted to each caste; tam, Him, God; yatah, from whom, from which God; comes pravrttih, origin,-or, from which internal Ruler comes the activities; ;bhutanam, of creatures, of living beings; and yena, by whom, by which God; is tatam, pervaded; sarvam, all; idam, this world. Since this is so, therefore,
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
18.46 He from whom arise all activities as origination of all beings and by whom all this is pervaded, by worshipping Him, i.e., Myself, who abide in Indra and other divinites as the Inner Ruler, man attains perfection, consisting in the attainment of Myself by My grace. It has been told before that everything originates from Me and all this is pervaded by Me, in texts like the following: 'I am the origin and dissolution of the whole universe' (7.6), 'There is nothing higher than Myself, O Arjuna' (7.7), 'This entire universe is pervaded by Me in an unmanifest form' (9.4), 'Under My supervision, the Prakrti gives birth to all mobile and immobile entities' (9.10) and 'I am the origin of all; from Me proceed everything' (10.8).
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
18.46 See Comment under 18.60
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।18.46।। जब मनुष्य अपने स्वभाव (वर्ण) तथा स्वधर्म (आश्रम? जैसे ब्रह्मचर्य? गृहस्थ आदि) के अनुसार कर्म करता है तब उसकी पूर्वार्जित वासनाओं का क्षय होता जाता है। यह वासना निवृत्ति तथा इसके फलस्वरूप प्राप्त होने वाली चित्त की शुद्धि और शान्ति तभी संभव होती है? जब मनुष्य अपने अहंकार को त्यागकर ईश्वरार्पण की भावना से कर्म करना सीख लेता है।लौकिक कर्तव्यों में यह नियम देखा जाता है कि जिस स्रोत से हमें कार्य करने की शक्ति और फल प्राप्ति होती है? उसके प्रीत्यर्थ कर्म करना हमारा कर्तव्य समझा जाता है। उदाहरणार्थ? सरकारी नौकरी करने वालों का कर्तव्य होता है कि अपने पद का कार्यभार सम्भालते हुए सरकार के लिए कार्य करें? क्योंकि सरकार ही उन्हें कार्य करने का अधिकार और वेतन प्रदान करती है। यदि कोई मनुष्य उस सरकार की शक्ति को विस्मृत कर अपने अधिकार का उपयोग स्वार्थसिद्धि में करता है? तो वह कर्म उसके लिए बन्धन कारक बन जाता है। इसके विपरीत अर्पण की भावना से कार्य करने पर बन्धन तो होते ही नहीं? अपितु उनकी पदोन्नति भी होती है। इसी प्रकार? हमको उस परमेश्वर का स्मरण करते हुए अपने कर्म करने चाहिए? जिससे हमें इन्द्रियाँ? मन आदि उपाधियों तथा उनकी क्षमताओं का प्राप्ति हुई है। हमारा कर्तव्य पालन ही ईश्वर की पूजा हो। इस श्लोक में भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण का यही उपदेश है कि सभी वर्णाश्रमों के मनुष्यों को अपने कर्तव्यों के पालन द्वारा जगत्कारण परमात्मा का पूजन करना चाहिए।ईश्वरार्पण की भावना से कार्य करने में अहंकार सर्वथा लुप्त हो जाता है। अहंकार के अभाव में पूर्वार्जित वासनाओं का क्षय होता है और नवीन बन्धनकारक वासनाएं उत्पन्न नहीं होती। इस प्रकार? कर्म के नियमानुसार लौकिक फल की प्राप्ति तो होती ही है? किन्तु उसके अतिरिक्त चित्त की शुद्धि भी प्राप्त होती है। जिसका अन्तकरण शुद्ध होता है? वही पुरुष परमात्मस्वरूप की अनुभूति को प्राप्त हो सकता है। यही वास्तविक सिद्धि है।इस प्रकार हम देखते हैं कि अपने कर्म के पालन में पूजन की भावना आ जाने पर हमारा कार्यक्षेत्र ही मन्दिर या तीर्थस्थान बन सकता है।स्वकर्म पालन में ही सिद्धि प्राप्त हो सकती है इसलिए

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सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)