🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 17.9
Chapter 17 · श्रद्धात्रयविभागयोग · Śraddhā-Traya-Vibhāga-Yoga · "The Yoga of the Three Types of Faith" · Verse 9 of 28
🪷 English Translations
Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.
Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
17.9 Those in whom Passion is dominant like foods that are bitter, sour, salty, over-hot, pungent, dry and burning. These produce unhappiness, repentance and disease.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
17.9 The foods that are bitter, sour, saline, excessively hot, pungent, dry and burning, are liked by the Rajasic and are productive of pain, grief and disease.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
17.9 Foods that are katu-amla-lavana-atyusna-tiksna-ruksa-vidahinah, bitter, sour, salty, very hot (-'very' is to be connected with all, viz bitter etc.; that is very bitter, very sour, and so on-), pungent, dry [Without fat.] and burning; and duhkha-soka-amaya-pradah, which produce pain, sorrow and disease; [Pain, immediate suffering; sorrow, grief arising from not having that desired food.] are rajasasyaistah, dear to one having rajas.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
17.9 The foods that are bitter, sour, very salty, over-hot, very pungent, dry and burning, are those that they the taste (Rasa) of bitterness and sourness, that are inordinately salty, hot, pungent, and that are dry and burning. Pungent foods are those which are unsuitable and difficult to be taken by others because of their being ver cold, ver hot etc. Dry things are those which cause the feeling of dryness in the eater. Burning foods are those which cause burning sensation. Foods of this kind are relished by men of Rajasik nature. They promote pain, sorrow and disease.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
17.9. The foods that are killed by men of the Rajas (Strand) are those which are bitter, sour, saltish, very hot, harsh, dry, and burning; and which cause pain, grief and disease.
🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद
For the Hindi-aware seer · Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's translation · the highest-readability modern Hindi rendering · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur tradition.
🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī tradition · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur · highest modern Hindi reading
।।17.9।।अति कड़वे, अति खट्टे, अति नमकीन, अति गरम, अति तीखे, अति रूखे और अति दाहकारक आहार अर्थात् भोजनके पदार्थ राजस मनुष्यको प्रिय होते हैं, जो कि दुःख, शोक और रोगोंको देनेवाले हैं।
🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices
The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.
Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
17.9 कट्वम्ललवणात्युष्णतीक्ष्णरूक्षविदाहिनः those that are bitter? sour saline? excessively hot? pungent? dry and burning? आहाराः foods? राजसस्य of the Rajasic? इष्टाः are liked? दुःखशोकामयप्रदाः are productive of pain? grief and disease.Commentary Excessively This alification should be taken to apply to each of the seven alities -- thus? excessively saline? and so on.Food of a passionate nature produces restlessness in the mind? evil thoughts? excitement? craving now for one thing and then for another? pain? trouble and disease. The Rajasic man always plans to prepare various kinds of preparations to satisfy his palate. He takes salt? chillies? mustard? cloves? condiments? pungent pickles? etc.? in excess. Tears flow from his eyes and water dribbles from his nose and yet he will not leave the hot and pungent articles. The palate remains unsatisfied until the stomach is completely filled with pungent things? till the tongue is burnt with chillies. Ladysfinger? Puri? Kachori? pungent condiments? meat? fish? eggs? sweets? potato? fried bread? curd? brinjal? carrots? blackgram? onions? garlic? lemon? Masur? tea? coffee? betels? tobacco are Rajasic artciles of food.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
17.9 Foods that are katu-amla-lavana-atyusna-tiksna-ruksa-vidahinah, bitter, sour, salty, very hot (-'very' is to be connected with all, viz bitter etc.; that is very bitter, very sour, and so on-), pungent, dry [Without fat.] and burning; and duhkha-soka-amaya-pradah, which produce pain, sorrow and disease; [Pain, immediate suffering; sorrow, grief arising from not having that desired food.] are rajasasyaistah, dear to one having rajas.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
17.9 The foods that are bitter, sour, very salty, over-hot, very pungent, dry and burning, are those that they the taste (Rasa) of bitterness and sourness, that are inordinately salty, hot, pungent, and that are dry and burning. Pungent foods are those which are unsuitable and difficult to be taken by others because of their being ver cold, ver hot etc. Dry things are those which cause the feeling of dryness in the eater. Burning foods are those which cause burning sensation. Foods of this kind are relished by men of Rajasik nature. They promote pain, sorrow and disease.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
17.9 See Comment under 17.10
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।17.9।। क्रियाशील तथा कामक्रोधादि प्रवृत्ति वाले रजोगुणी लोगों को इस श्लोक में कथित कटु अम्ल आदि आहार अत्यन्त प्रिय होता है। ऐसे आहार से वह अपने शरीर में शाक्ति का अनुभव तो करता है? परन्तु अन्तत इन सबका परिणाम दुख रोग और चिन्ता ही होता है। इस प्रकार के आहार की रुचि उत्पन्न हो जाने पर उसे संयमित रखना दुष्कर हो जाता है।प्रस्तुत प्रकरण से कोई अध्येता यह न समझ ले कि केवल आहार के परिवर्तन और संयम से ही विचारों का परिवर्तन संभव हो सकता है। भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण का कथन यह है कि सात्त्विक या राजसिक विचारों के लोगों को उपर्युक्त प्रकार के पदार्थ रुचिकर लगते हैं। अर्थात् विचारों के परिवर्तन से आहार में परिवर्तन आता है।
🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या
Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · one of the greatest modern Hindi vyākhyās of the Gītā · direct, pure, deeply Vedāntic · the modern Sanātana-jāgaraṇa.
🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · Hindi vyākhyā · the modern bilingual anchor
।।17.9।। व्याख्या -- कटु -- करेला? ग्वारपाठा आदि अधिक कड़वे पदार्थ अम्ल -- इमली? अमचूर? नींबू? छाछ? सड़न पैदा करके बनाया गया सिरका आदि अधिक खट्टे पदार्थ लवणम् -- अधिक नमकवाले पदार्थ अत्युष्णम् -- जिनसे भाप निकल रही हो? ऐसे अत्यन्त गरमगरम पदार्थ तीक्ष्णम् -- जिनको खानेसे नाक? आँख? मुख और सिरसे पानी आने लगे? ऐसे लाल मिर्च आदि अधिक तीखे पदार्थ रूक्षम् -- जिनमें घी? दूध आदिका सम्बन्ध नहीं है? ऐसे भुने हुए चने? सतुआ आदि अधिक रूखे पदार्थ और विदाहिनः -- राई आदि अधिक दाहकारक पदार्थ (राईको दोतीन घंटे छाछमें भिगोकर रखा जाय? तो उसमें एक खमीर पैदा होता है? जो बहुत दाहकारक होता है)।आहारा राजसस्येष्टाः -- इस प्रकारके भोजनके (भोज्य? पेय? लेह्य और चोष्य) पदार्थ राजस मनुष्यको प्यारे होते हैं। इससे उसकी निष्ठाकी पहचान हो जाती है। दुःखशोकामयप्रदाः -- परन्तु ऐसे पदार्थ परिणाममें दुःख? शोक और रोगोंको देनेवाले होते हैं। खट्टा? तीखा और दाहकारक भोजन करते समय मुख आदिमें जो जलन होती है? यह दुःख है। भोजन करनेके बाद मनमें प्रसन्नता नहीं होती? प्रत्युत स्वाभाविक चिन्ता रहती,है? यह शोक है। ऐसे भोजनसे शरीरमें प्रायः रोग होते हैं।
🪷 Place in the Bhagavad-Gītā
- This is verse 9 of 28 in Chapter 17 · Śraddhā-Traya-Vibhāga-Yoga (The Yoga of the Three Types of Faith)
- Chapter theme: Three types of śraddhā · food · yajña · tapas · dāna · BG 17.23 Oṁ Tat Sat
- Ṣaṭka grouping: ANTYA-Ṣaṭka (BG 13-18 · the resolution)
- Chapter hub: /shraddha-traya
🪷 ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय 🪷
सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)