🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 11.18

Chapter 11 · विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग · Viśvarūpa-Darśana-Yoga · "The Yoga of the Universal-Form Vision" · Verse 18 of 55

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त्वमक्षरं परमं वेदितव्यं

त्वमस्य विश्वस्य परं निधानम्।

त्वमव्ययः शाश्वतधर्मगोप्ता

सनातनस्त्वं पुरुषो मतो मे।।11.18।।
Bhagavad-Gītā 11.18 · the yathārtha śloka (Devanāgarī Sanskrit · canonical)

🪷 English Translations

Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
11.18 Imperishable art Thou, the Sole One worthy to be known, the priceless Treasure-house of the universe, the immortal Guardian of the Life Eternal, the Spirit Everlasting.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
11.18 Thou art the Imperishable, the Supreme Being, worthy to be known. Thou art the great treasure-house of this universe; Thou art the imperishable protector of the eternal Dhrama; Thou art the Primal Person, I deem.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
11.18 Tvam, You; are the aksaram, Immutable; the paramam, supreme One, Brahman; veditavyam, to be known-by those aspiring for Liberation. You are the param, most perfect; nidhanam, repository-where things are deposited, i.e. the ultimate resort; asya visvasya, of this Universe, of the entire creation. Further. You are the avyayah, Imperishable-there is no decay in You; the sasvata-dharma-gopta, Protector (gopta) of the ever-existing (sasvata) religion (dharma). You are the sanatanah, eternal; transcendental purusah, Person. This is me, my; matah, belief-what is meant by me. Moreover,
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
11.18 You alone are the Supreme 'Imperishable Person' indicated as that which ought to be realised in such Upanisadic passages as: 'Two sciences are to be known' (Mun. U., 1.1.4). You alone are the 'Supreme Substratum' of the universe, i.e., supreme support of this universe. You are 'immutable', namely, not liable to mutation. Whatever might be your attributes and divine manifestations, You remain unchanged in Your form. You alone are the guardian of 'the eternal law' - You who protect the eternal Dharma of the Veda by incarnations like this. I know you are the everlasting Person. I know You are the eternal Person, described in such passages as, 'I know this great Purusa' (Tai. A., 3.12.7) and 'Person who is higher than the high' (Mun. U., 3.2.8). You, who were till now known to me as the most distinguished of the race of Yadu, have been realised by me now through direct perception as of this nature, i.e., of a nature unknown to me before. Such is the meaning.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
11.18. You are the imperishable, the Supreme Being to be known; You are the ultimate place of rest for this universe; You are changeless and the guardian of the pious act of the Satvatas; You are the everlasting Soul, I believe.

🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद

For the Hindi-aware seer · Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's translation · a high-readability modern Hindi rendering · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur tradition. (→ Full Mahāpurusha-detail page for the 102-year-living Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī Mahātmā.)

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī tradition · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur · highest modern Hindi reading
।।11.18।। आप ही जाननेयोग्य परम अक्षर (अक्षरब्रह्म) हैं, आप ही इस सम्पूर्ण विश्वके परम आश्रय हैं, आप ही सनातनधर्मके रक्षक हैं और आप ही अविनाशी सनातन पुरुष हैं -- ऐसा मैं मानता हूँ।

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
11.18 त्वम् Thou? अक्षरम् imperishable? परमम् the Supreme Being? वेदितव्यम् worthy to be known? त्वम् Thou? अस्य (of) this? विश्वस्य of universe? परम् the great? निधानम् treasurehouse? त्वम् Thou? अव्ययः imperishable? शाश्वतधर्मगोप्ता Protector of the Eternal Dharma? सनातनः ancient? त्वम् Thou? पुरुषः Purusha? मतः thought? मे of me.Commentary VisvasyaNidhaanam Treasurehouse of this universe? also means abode or refuge or the substratum of this universe. It is because of this that all the beings in the universe are preserved and protected. He is the inexhaustibel source to Whom the devotee turns at all times. Deluded indeed are they that ignore this divine treasurehouse and runa fter the shadow of the objects of the senses which do not contain even an iota of pleasure.Veditavyam To be known by the aspirants or seekrs of liberation? through Sravana (hearing of the scriptures)? Manana (reflection) and Nididhyasana (meditation).Avyayah means inexhaustible? unchanging? undying.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
11.18 Tvam, You; are the aksaram, Immutable; the paramam, supreme One, Brahman; veditavyam, to be known-by those aspiring for Liberation. You are the param, most perfect; nidhanam, repository-where things are deposited, i.e. the ultimate resort; asya visvasya, of this Universe, of the entire creation. Further. You are the avyayah, Imperishable-there is no decay in You; the sasvata-dharma-gopta, Protector (gopta) of the ever-existing (sasvata) religion (dharma). You are the sanatanah, eternal; transcendental purusah, Person. This is me, my; matah, belief-what is meant by me. Moreover,
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
11.18 You alone are the Supreme 'Imperishable Person' indicated as that which ought to be realised in such Upanisadic passages as: 'Two sciences are to be known' (Mun. U., 1.1.4). You alone are the 'Supreme Substratum' of the universe, i.e., supreme support of this universe. You are 'immutable', namely, not liable to mutation. Whatever might be your attributes and divine manifestations, You remain unchanged in Your form. You alone are the guardian of 'the eternal law' - You who protect the eternal Dharma of the Veda by incarnations like this. I know you are the everlasting Person. I know You are the eternal Person, described in such passages as, 'I know this great Purusa' (Tai. A., 3.12.7) and 'Person who is higher than the high' (Mun. U., 3.2.8). You, who were till now known to me as the most distinguished of the race of Yadu, have been realised by me now through direct perception as of this nature, i.e., of a nature unknown to me before. Such is the meaning.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
11.18 Tvam aksaram etc. Guardian of the pious acts of the Satvatas. Satvatas are the same as the Satvatas i.e. those who are established in the Truth that does not take cognizance of any difference between the Action (11.Spanda) and the Consciousness; the Truth which is nothing but Existentiality and is in the form of Awarenes. Their pious act is that act [of meditation] of theirs which - on account of its being continously engaged in the process of undertaking and rejecting [things] - consists of the act of emanation and absorption, and is the most superior of all the paths [leading to salvation]. The Lord protects that pious act. This is the secret in this chapter and it has been made almost clear by me (11.Ag.) in my (11.Ag.'s) Vivrti (11.Commentary) on the Devistotra (11.Goddess-Hymn). That is self-evident to the learned readers, with critical accuman, and initiation. Hence, why to take recourse to the verbiage of explaining again and again what is already known very clearly.
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।11.18।। सभी बुद्धिमान् पुरुष अपने प्रत्येक अनुभव से किसी निष्कर्ष तक पहुँचने का प्रयत्न करते हैं? जो उनका ज्ञान कहलाता है। अर्जुन को भी ऐसा ही एक अनुभव हो रहा था? जो अपनी सम्पूर्णता में बुद्धि से अग्राह्य और शब्दों से अनिर्वचनीय था। परन्तु उसने जो कुछ देखा? उससे वह कुछ निष्कर्ष निकालने का प्रयत्न करता है। इस अनुभव को समझकर वह इस निष्कर्ष पर पहुँचता है कि इस विराट्स्वरूप के पीछे जो शक्ति या चैतन्य है? वही अविनाशी परम सत्य है।समुद्र में उत्पत्ति? स्थिति और लय को प्राप्त होने वाली समस्त तरंगांे का प्रभव या स्रोत समुद्र होता है। वही उन तरंगों का निधान है। निधान का अर्थ है जिसमें वस्तुएं निहित हों अर्थात् उनका आश्रय। इसी प्रकार अर्जुन भी इस बुद्धिमत्तापूर्ण निष्कर्ष पर पहुँचता है कि विराट् पुरुष ही सम्पूर्ण विश्व का निधान अर्थात् अधिष्ठान है। विश्व शब्द से केवल यह दृष्ट भौतिक जगत् ही नहीं समझना चाहिये। वेदान्त के अनुसार जो वस्तु दृष्ट अनुभूत या ज्ञात है? वह विश्व शब्द की परिभाषा में आती है? इस परिभाषा के अनुसार विषय तथा उनके ग्राहक करण इन्द्रिय? मन आदि सब विश्व है और पुरुष उसका निधान है।विकारी वस्तुओं के विकारों अर्थात् परिवर्तनों के लिए एक अविकारी अधिष्ठान की आवश्यकता होती है। यह परिवर्तनशील जगत् सदैव देश और काल की धुन पर नृत्य करता रहता है। परन्तु? घटनाओं की निरंतरता का अनुभव कर उनका एक सम्पूर्ण ज्ञान प्राप्त करने के लिए एक नित्य अपरिवर्तनशील ज्ञाता का होना अत्यावश्यक है। वह ज्ञाता किसी भी प्रकार से स्वयं उन घटनाओं में लिप्त नहीं होता है। ऐसा यह अविकारी चेतन तत्त्व ही वह सत्य आत्मा है? जो इतने विशाल विश्वरूप को धारण कर सकता है। इन विचारों को ध्यान में रखकर अर्जुन यह घोषणा करता है कि वह चेतन तत्त्व? जिसने स्वयं को इस आश्चर्यमय रूप में परिवर्तित कर लिया है? वही एकमेव अविनाशी अपरिवर्तनशील सत्य है? जो इस विकारी जगत् में सर्वत्र व्याप्त है।हिन्दुओं के मत के अनुसार धर्म का रक्षक स्वयं परमेश्वर है? और न कि एक र्मत्य राजा या पुरोहित वर्ग। हिन्दू लोग किसी ऐसे आकस्मिक देवदूत के अनुयायी नहीं हैं? जिसका क्षणिक ऐतिहासिक अस्तित्त्व था और जिसके जीवन का कार्य तत्कालीन पीढ़ी की यथासंभव सेवा करना था। हिन्दुओं के लिए सनातन सत्य पुरुष ही लक्ष्य है? गुरु है और मार्ग भी है। धर्म की रक्षा के लिए हमें विषैली गैस अथवा अणुबम जैसी किसी लौकिक शक्ति की आवश्यकता नहीं है।आप ही सनातन पुरुष हैं? ऐसा मेरा मत है वेदान्त के एक रूपक के अनुसार स्थूल शरीर को एक राजनगरी के समान माना गया है और जिसके नौ द्वार हैं। प्रत्येक का नियंत्रण तथा रक्षण एकएक अधिष्ठातृ देवता के द्वारा किया जाता है। इस नवद्वार पुरी में निवास करने वाला चैतन्य तत्त्व पुरुष कहलाता है।इस श्लोक के संदर्भ में इसका अभिप्राय यह है कि हमारे जीवन की पहेली का समाधान इस सनातन पुरुष की प्राप्ति में ही है? न कि बाह्य जगत् के विषयों में। यह पुरुष ही विश्व का अधिष्ठान है? जो विश्वरूप को धारण कर सकता है? जिसको अर्जुन विस्मय भरी दृष्टि से देख रहा है।

🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या

Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · one of the great modern Hindi vyākhyās of the Gītā · direct, pure, deeply Vedāntic · the modern Sanātana-jāgaraṇa. (→ Full Mahāpurusha-detail page · 1904-2005 · Corner 1 Mādhurya operational anchor · whose 6-lakṣaṇa-śaraṇāgati IS Constitutional Principle 24.)

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · Hindi vyākhyā · the modern bilingual anchor
।।11.18।। व्याख्या--'त्वमक्षरं परमं वेदितव्यम्'-- वेदों, शास्त्रों, पुराणों, स्मृतियों, सन्तोंकी वाणियों और तत्त्वज्ञ जीवन्मुक्त महापुरुषोंद्वारा जाननेयोग्य जो परमानन्दस्वरूप अक्षरब्रह्म है, जिसको निर्गुण-निराकार कहते हैं, वे आप ही हैं।

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BG 11.18local Bhagavad-Gītā verse route and source-anchor sectionChapter 11 hubViśvarūpa-Darśana-Yoga · The Yoga of the Universal-Form VisionMBh 6.33.18exact Bhīṣma-Parva source route for this Gītā verse/bhagavad-gitamaster index for all 18 chapters and 701 verse routesBhīṣma-ParvaMahābhārata narrative home where the Bhagavad-Gītā is received/mahabharatafull Itihāsa source spine for Vyāsa Maharṣi's MahābhārataBG 1 · Arjuna-Viṣāda YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Arjuna-Viṣāda YogaBG 2 · Sāṅkhya YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Sāṅkhya YogaBG 3 · Karma YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Karma YogaBG 4 · Jñāna-Karma-SannyāsaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Jñāna-Karma-SannyāsaBG 5 · Karma-Sannyāsa YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Karma-Sannyāsa YogaBG 6 · Dhyāna YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Dhyāna YogaBG 7 · Krishna-Tattva (Jñāna-Vijñāna)TAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Krishna-Tattva (Jñāna-Vijñāna)BG 8 · Akṣara-Brahma YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Akṣara-Brahma YogaBG 9 · Rāja-Vidyā Rāja-GuhyaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Rāja-Vidyā Rāja-GuhyaBG 10 · Vibhūti YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Vibhūti YogaBG 12 · Bhakti YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Bhakti YogaBG 13 · Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña YogaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña YogaBG 14 · Guṇa-Traya-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Guṇa-Traya-VibhāgaBG 15 · Puruṣottama YogaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Puruṣottama YogaBG 16 · Daivāsura-Sampad-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Daivāsura-Sampad-VibhāgaBG 17 · Śraddhā-Traya-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Śraddhā-Traya-VibhāgaBG 18 · Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yoga (Carama-Śloka)ANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yoga (Carama-Śloka)BG 2.47niṣkāma-karma-yoga action disciplineBG 4.34praṇipāta · paripraśna · sevā before tattva-darśī teachersBG 7.7mattaḥ parataraṁ nānyat · no source higher than KrishnaBG 9.17Krishna as father, mother, supporter, and grandfatherBG 10.30Krishna as Time among reckonersBG 13.23Paramātmā as witness, permitter, supporter, enjoyer, and LordBG 15.15Krishna seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetfulnessBG 18.61Īśvara situated in the heart of all beingsBG 18.66Carama-Śloka surrender discipline and final refuge/vishwaroopa-darshanaall 18 Gītā chapters rendered as one chart-aware darśana/vishvarupa-chartBG 11 chart-as-Viśvarūpa-darśana aperture/bija-sutrasfounder-curated bīja-pada exposition layer inside selected Gītā verse pages/binduDiamond of Darśanas frame for Gītā source recognition/philosophyKrishna = Paramaatma = Parabrahman constitutional foundation/llms.txtbrief AI-agent source map/llms-full.txtcomprehensive AI-agent access map
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APA: Vyāsa Maharṣi. (n.d.). Bhagavad-Gītā 11.18. Vidhyāmitra. Retrieved 2026-07-28, from https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/11/18
Chicago: Vyāsa Maharṣi. "Bhagavad-Gītā 11.18." Vidhyāmitra. Accessed 2026-07-28. https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/11/18.
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सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)