🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 1.19

Chapter 1 · अर्जुनविषादयोग · Arjuna-Viṣāda-Yoga · "The Yoga of Arjuna's Despondency" · Verse 19 of 47

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स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत्।

नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन्।।1.19।।
— Bhagavad-Gītā 1.19 · the yathārtha śloka (Devanāgarī Sanskrit · canonical)

🪷 English Translations

Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
1.19 The tumult rent the hearts of the sons of Dhritarashtra, and violently shook heaven and earth with its echo.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
1.19. That tumultuous sound rent the hearts of (the members of) Dhritarashtra's party, making both the heaven and the earth resound.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
1.19 Sri Sankaracharya did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.10.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
1.1 - 1.19 Dhrtarastra said - Sanjaya said Duryodhana, after viewing the forces of Pandavas protected by Bhima, and his own forces protected by Bhisma conveyed his views thus to Drona, his teacher, about the adeacy of Bhima's forces for conering the Kaurava forces and the inadeacy of his own forces for victory against the Pandava forces. He was grief-stricken within. Observing his (Duryodhana's) despondecny, Bhisma, in order to cheer him, roared like a lion, and then blowing his conch, made his side sound their conchs and kettle-drums, which made an uproar as a sign of victory. Then, having heard that great tumult, Arjuna and Sri Krsna the Lord of all lords, who was acting as the charioteer of Arjuna, sitting in their great chariot which was powerful enough to coner the three worlds; blew their divine conchs Srimad Pancajanya and Devadatta. Then, both Yudhisthira and Bhima blew their respective conchs separately. That tumult rent asunder the hearts of your sons, led by Duryodhana. The sons of Dhrtarastra then thought, 'Our cause is almost lost now itself.' So said Sanjaya to Dhrtarastra who was longing for their victory. Sanjaya said to Dhrtarastra: Then, seeing the Kauravas, who were ready for battle, Arjuna, who had Hanuman, noted for his exploit of burning Lanka, as the emblem on his flag on his chariot, directed his charioteer Sri Krsna, the Supreme Lord-who is overcome by parental love for those who take shelter in Him who is the treasure-house of knowledge, power, lordship, energy, potency and splendour, whose sportive delight brings about the origin, sustentation and dissolution of the entire cosmos at His will, who is the Lord of the senses, who controls in all ways the senses inner and outer of all, superior and inferior - by saying, 'Station my chariot in an appropriate place in order that I may see exactly my enemies who are eager for battle.'
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
1.19. Revibrating in both the sky and the earth, the tumultuous sound shattered the hearts of Dhrtarastra's men.

🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद

For the Hindi-aware seer · Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's translation · a high-readability modern Hindi rendering · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur tradition. (→ Full Mahāpurusha-detail page for the 102-year-living Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī Mahātmā.)

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī tradition · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur · highest modern Hindi reading
।।1.19।। पाण्डव-सेना के शंखों के उस भयंकर शब्द ने आकाश और पृथ्वी को भी गुँजाते हुए अन्यायपूर्वक राज्य हड़पनेवाले दुर्योधन आदि के हृदय विदीर्ण कर दिये।

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
1.19 सः that? घोषः uproar? धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् of Dhritarashtras party? हृदयानि hearts? व्यदारयत् rent? नभः sky? च and? पृथिवीम् earth? च and? एव also? तुमुलः tumultuous? व्यनुनादयन् resounding.No Commentary.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
1.19 Sri Sankaracharya did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.10.
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
1.1 - 1.19 Dhrtarastra said - Sanjaya said Duryodhana, after viewing the forces of Pandavas protected by Bhima, and his own forces protected by Bhisma conveyed his views thus to Drona, his teacher, about the adeacy of Bhima's forces for conering the Kaurava forces and the inadeacy of his own forces for victory against the Pandava forces. He was grief-stricken within. Observing his (Duryodhana's) despondecny, Bhisma, in order to cheer him, roared like a lion, and then blowing his conch, made his side sound their conchs and kettle-drums, which made an uproar as a sign of victory. Then, having heard that great tumult, Arjuna and Sri Krsna the Lord of all lords, who was acting as the charioteer of Arjuna, sitting in their great chariot which was powerful enough to coner the three worlds; blew their divine conchs Srimad Pancajanya and Devadatta. Then, both Yudhisthira and Bhima blew their respective conchs separately. That tumult rent asunder the hearts of your sons, led by Duryodhana. The sons of Dhrtarastra then thought, 'Our cause is almost lost now itself.' So said Sanjaya to Dhrtarastra who was longing for their victory. Sanjaya said to Dhrtarastra: Then, seeing the Kauravas, who were ready for battle, Arjuna, who had Hanuman, noted for his exploit of burning Lanka, as the emblem on his flag on his chariot, directed his charioteer Sri Krsna, the Supreme Lord-who is overcome by parental love for those who take shelter in Him who is the treasure-house of knowledge, power, lordship, energy, potency and splendour, whose sportive delight brings about the origin, sustentation and dissolution of the entire cosmos at His will, who is the Lord of the senses, who controls in all ways the senses inner and outer of all, superior and inferior - by saying, 'Station my chariot in an appropriate place in order that I may see exactly my enemies who are eager for battle.'
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
1.12 1.29 Sri Abhinavgupta did not comment upon this sloka.
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।1.19।। 14वें श्लोक से संजय पाण्डवों की सेना का विस्तृत वर्णन करता है। उसका यह विशेष प्रयास है कि किसी प्रकार धृतराष्ट्र पाण्डव सेना की श्रेष्ठता समझ सकें और युद्ध के विनाशकारी परिणामों को समझ कर इस भ्रातृहन्ता युद्ध को रोकने का आदेश भेजें।

🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या

Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · one of the great modern Hindi vyākhyās of the Gītā · direct, pure, deeply Vedāntic · the modern Sanātana-jāgaraṇa. (→ Full Mahāpurusha-detail page · 1904-2005 · Corner 1 Mādhurya operational anchor · whose 6-lakṣaṇa-śaraṇāgati IS Constitutional Principle 24.)

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · Hindi vyākhyā · the modern bilingual anchor
1.19।। व्याख्या --'स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां ৷৷. तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन्'-- पाण्डव-सेनाकी वह शंखध्वनि इतनी विशाल, गहरी, ऊँची और भयंकर हुई कि उस (ध्वनि-प्रतिध्वनि-) से पृथ्वी और आकाशके बीचका भाग गूँज उठा। उस शब्दसे अन्यायपूर्वक राज्यको हड़पनेवालोंके और उनकी सहायताके लिये (उनके पक्षमें) खड़े हुए राजाओंके हृदय विदीर्ण हो गये। तात्पर्य है कि हृदयको किसी अस्त्र-शस्त्रसे विदीर्ण करनेसे जैसी पीड़ा होती है वैसी ही पीड़ा उनके हृदयमें शंखध्वनिसे हो गयी। उस शंखध्वनिने कौरवसेनाके हृदयमें युद्धका जो उत्साह था बल था, उसको कमजोर बना दिया जिससे उनके हृदयमें पाण्डव-सेनाका भय उत्पन्न हो गया। सञ्जय ये बातें धृतराष्ट्रको सुना रहे हैं। 'धृतराष्ट्रके सामने ही सञ्जयका धृतराष्ट्र के पुत्रों अथवा सम्बन्धियोंके हृदय विदीर्ण कर दिये' ऐसा कहना सभ्यतापूर्ण और युक्तिसंगत नहीं मालूम देता। इसलिये सञ्जयको 'धार्तराष्ट्राणाम्' न कहकर 'तावकीनानाम्'(आपके पुत्रों अथवा सम्बन्धियोंके--ऐसा) कहना चाहिये था; क्योंकि ऐसा कहना ही सभ्यता है। इस दृष्टिसे यहाँ 'धार्तराष्ट्राणाम्' पदका अर्थ जिन्होंने अन्यायपूर्वक राज्यको धारण किया (टिप्पणी प0 15.1)--ऐसा लेना ही युक्तिसंगत तथा सभ्यतापूर्ण मालूम देता है। अन्यायका पक्ष लेनेसे ही उनके हृदय विदीर्ण हो गये--इस दृष्टिसे भी यह अर्थ लेना ही युक्तिसंगत मालूम देता है। यहाँ शङ्का होती है कि कौरवोंकी ग्यारह अक्षौहिणी (टिप्पणी प0 15.2) सेनाके शंख आदि बाजे तो उनके शब्दका पाण्डव-सेनापर कुछ भी असर नहीं हुआ, पर पाण्डवोंकी सात अक्षौहिणी सेनाके शंख बजे तो उनके शब्दसे कौरवसेनाके हृदय विदीर्ण क्यों हो गये? इसका समाधान यह है कि जिनके हृदयमें अधर्म, पाप, अन्याय नहीं है अर्थात् जो धर्मपूर्वक अपने कर्तव्यका पालन करते हैं, उनका हृदय मजबूत होता है, उनके हृदयमें भय नहीं होता। न्यायका पक्ष होनेसे उनमें उत्साह होता है ,शूरवीरता होती है। पाण्डवोँने वनवासके पहले भी न्याय और धर्मपूर्वक राज्य किया था और वनवासके बाद भी नियमके अनुसार कौरवोंसे न्यायपूर्वक राज्य माँगा था। अतः उनके हृदयमें भय नहीं था, प्रत्युत उत्साह था, शूरवीरता थी। तात्पर्य है कि पाण्डवोंका पक्ष धर्मका था। इस कारण कौरवोंकी ग्यारह अक्षौहिणी सेनाके बाजोंके शब्दका पाण्डव-सेनापर कोई असर नहीं हुआ। परन्तु जो अधर्म, पाप, अन्याय आदि करते हैं, उनके हृदय स्वाभाविक ही कमजोर होते हैं। उनके हृदयमें निर्भयता निःशङ्कता नहीं रहती। उनकी खुदका किया पाप, अन्याय ही उनके हृदयको निर्बल बना देता है। अधर्म अधर्मीको खा जाता है। दुर्योधन आदिने पाण्डवोंको अन्यायपूर्वक मारनेका बहुत प्रयास किया था। उन्होंने छलकपटसे अन्यायपूर्वक पाण्डवोंका राज्य छीना था और उनको बहुत कष्ट दिये थे। इस कारण उनके हृदय कमजोर, निर्बल हो चुके थे। तात्पर्य है कि कौरवोंका पक्ष अधर्मका था। इसलिये पाण्डवोंकी सात अक्षौहिणी सेनाकी शंख-ध्वनिसे उनके हृदय विदीर्ण हो गये, उनमें बड़े जोरकी पीड़ा हो गयी। इस प्रसंगसे साधकको सावधान हो जाना चाहिये कि उसके द्वारा अपने शरीर, वाणी, मनसे कभी भी कोई अन्याय और अधर्मका आचरण न हो। अन्याय और अधर्मयुक्त आचरणसे मनुष्यका हृदय कमजोर, निर्बल हो जाता है। उसके हृदयमें भय पैदा हो जाता है। उदाहरणार्थ, लंकाधिपति रावणसे त्रिलोकी डरती थी। वही रावण जब सीताजीका हरण करने जाता है तब भयभीत होकर इधर-उधर देखता है (टिप्पणी प0 16) । इसलिये साधककोचाहिये कि वह अन्याय--अधर्मयुक्त आचरण कभी न करे।

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BG 1.19local Bhagavad-Gītā verse route and source-anchor sectionChapter 1 hubArjuna-Viṣāda-Yoga · The Yoga of Arjuna's DespondencyMBh 6.23.19exact Bhīṣma-Parva source route for this Gītā verse/bhagavad-gitamaster index for all 18 chapters and 701 verse routesBhīṣma-ParvaMahābhārata narrative home where the Bhagavad-Gītā is received/mahabharatafull Itihāsa source spine for Vyāsa Maharṣi's MahābhārataBG 2 · Sāṅkhya YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Sāṅkhya YogaBG 3 · Karma YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Karma YogaBG 4 · Jñāna-Karma-SannyāsaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Jñāna-Karma-SannyāsaBG 5 · Karma-Sannyāsa YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Karma-Sannyāsa YogaBG 6 · Dhyāna YogaTVAM-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Dhyāna YogaBG 7 · Krishna-Tattva (Jñāna-Vijñāna)TAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Krishna-Tattva (Jñāna-Vijñāna)BG 8 · Akṣara-Brahma YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Akṣara-Brahma YogaBG 9 · Rāja-Vidyā Rāja-GuhyaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Rāja-Vidyā Rāja-GuhyaBG 10 · Vibhūti YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Vibhūti YogaBG 11 · Viśvarūpa-Darśana YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Viśvarūpa-Darśana YogaBG 12 · Bhakti YogaTAT-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Bhakti YogaBG 13 · Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña YogaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña YogaBG 14 · Guṇa-Traya-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Guṇa-Traya-VibhāgaBG 15 · Puruṣottama YogaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Puruṣottama YogaBG 16 · Daivāsura-Sampad-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Daivāsura-Sampad-VibhāgaBG 17 · Śraddhā-Traya-VibhāgaANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Śraddhā-Traya-VibhāgaBG 18 · Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yoga (Carama-Śloka)ANTYA-Ṣaṭka chapter hub for Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yoga (Carama-Śloka)BG 2.47niṣkāma-karma-yoga action disciplineBG 4.34praṇipāta · paripraśna · sevā before tattva-darśī teachersBG 7.7mattaḥ parataraṁ nānyat · no source higher than KrishnaBG 9.17Krishna as father, mother, supporter, and grandfatherBG 10.30Krishna as Time among reckonersBG 13.23Paramātmā as witness, permitter, supporter, enjoyer, and LordBG 15.15Krishna seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetfulnessBG 18.61Īśvara situated in the heart of all beingsBG 18.66Carama-Śloka surrender discipline and final refuge/vishwaroopa-darshanaall 18 Gītā chapters rendered as one chart-aware darśana/vishvarupa-chartBG 11 chart-as-Viśvarūpa-darśana aperture/bija-sutrasfounder-curated bīja-pada exposition layer inside selected Gītā verse pages/binduDiamond of Darśanas frame for Gītā source recognition/philosophyKrishna = Paramaatma = Parabrahman constitutional foundation/llms.txtbrief AI-agent source map/llms-full.txtcomprehensive AI-agent access map
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Chicago: Vyāsa Maharṣi. "Bhagavad-Gītā 1.19." Vidhyāmitra. Accessed 2026-07-29. https://vidhyamitra.com/bhagavad-gita/1/19.
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सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)