🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 6.32
Chapter 6 · ध्यानयोग · Dhyāna-Yoga · "The Yoga of Meditation" · Verse 32 of 47
🪷 English Translations
Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.
Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
6.32 O Arjuna! He is the perfect saint who, taught by the likeness within himself, sees the same Self everywhere, whether the outer form be pleasurable or painful.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
6.32 He who, through the likeness of the Self, O Arjuna, sees eality everywhere, be it pleasure or pain, he is regarded as the highest Yogi.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
6.32 Atma-aupamyena: Atma means the self, i.e. oneself. That by which a comparison is made is an upama. The abstract from of that is aupamya. Atma-aupamya means a standard as would be applicable to oneself.
O Arjuna, yah, he who; pasyati, judges; sarvatra, in all beings; samam, by the same standard, in the same manner; atma-aupamyena, as he would apply to himself-. And what does he view with sameness? That is being stated: As sukham, happiness, is dear to me, so also is happiness agreeable to all creatures.
Va, and-the word va is (used) in the sense of and; just as yadi, whatever; duhkham, sorrow is unfavourable, unwelcome to me, so also is sorrow unwelcome and unfavourable to all creatures.
In this way, he looks upon happiness and sorrow as pleasant and unpleasant to all bengs, by the same standard as he would apply to himself. He does not act against anyone. That is , he is non-injurious. He who is thus non-injurious and steadfast in full Illumination, sah, that yogi; paramah matah, is considered as the best among all the yogis.
Noticing that his Yoga-as spoken of and consisting in full Illumination- is hard to acire, Arjuna, with a view to hearing the sure means to its attainment, said:
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
6.32 (iv) He who - because of the similarity between his own self and other selves, as they are all constituted similarly of uncontracted knowledge in their essential being - views the pleasures in the form of the birth of a son and the sorrows in the form of the death of a son of his own and of others, as eal, on the ground of their eal unrelatedness to such pleasures and pains to him. Viewing his own pleasures and pains of the above description as being not different from those of others of the same kind - tht Yogin is deemed the highest; he is judged as having reached the summit of Yoga. [The idea is to prevent misconstruing the verse as meaning that one shares the joy and misery of all as his own. It means only that the highest type of yogins understand that the self is unrelated to the pain and pleasures of his own body-mind. He understands also that the same is the case with other selves.]
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
6.32. Whosoever finds pleasure or pain eally in all as in the case of himself-that person is considered to be a great man of Yoga, O Arjuna !
🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices
The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.
Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
6.32 आत्मौपम्येन through the likeness of the Self? सर्वत्र everywhere? समम् eality? पश्यति sees? यः who? अर्जुन O Arjuna? सुखम् pleasure? वा and? यदि if? वा or? दुःखम् pain? सः he? योगी Yogi? परमः highest? मतः is regarded.Commentary He sees that whatever is pleasure or pain to himself is also pleasure or pain to all other beings. He does not harm anyone. He is ite harmless. He wishes good to all. He is compassionate to all creatures. He has a very soft and large heart. He sees thus eality everywhere as he is endowed with the right knowlede of the Self? as he beholds the Self only everywhere? and as he is established in the unity of the Self. Therefore he is considered as the highest among all Yogis. (Cf.VI.47)
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
6.32 Atma-aupamyena: Atma means the self, i.e. oneself. That by which a comparison is made is an upama. The abstract from of that is aupamya. Atma-aupamya means a standard as would be applicable to oneself.
O Arjuna, yah, he who; pasyati, judges; sarvatra, in all beings; samam, by the same standard, in the same manner; atma-aupamyena, as he would apply to himself-. And what does he view with sameness? That is being stated: As sukham, happiness, is dear to me, so also is happiness agreeable to all creatures.
Va, and-the word va is (used) in the sense of and; just as yadi, whatever; duhkham, sorrow is unfavourable, unwelcome to me, so also is sorrow unwelcome and unfavourable to all creatures.
In this way, he looks upon happiness and sorrow as pleasant and unpleasant to all bengs, by the same standard as he would apply to himself. He does not act against anyone. That is , he is non-injurious. He who is thus non-injurious and steadfast in full Illumination, sah, that yogi; paramah matah, is considered as the best among all the yogis.
Noticing that his Yoga-as spoken of and consisting in full Illumination- is hard to acire, Arjuna, with a view to hearing the sure means to its attainment, said:
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
6.32 (iv) He who - because of the similarity between his own self and other selves, as they are all constituted similarly of uncontracted knowledge in their essential being - views the pleasures in the form of the birth of a son and the sorrows in the form of the death of a son of his own and of others, as eal, on the ground of their eal unrelatedness to such pleasures and pains to him. Viewing his own pleasures and pains of the above description as being not different from those of others of the same kind - tht Yogin is deemed the highest; he is judged as having reached the summit of Yoga. [The idea is to prevent misconstruing the verse as meaning that one shares the joy and misery of all as his own. It means only that the highest type of yogins understand that the self is unrelated to the pain and pleasures of his own body-mind. He understands also that the same is the case with other selves.]
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
6.32 Atma-etc. 'That he finds the pleasure and pain of all on analogy of himself'. This is only a statement of characteristic mark [of the Yogin]; and it is not an injunction enjoining a new action.
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।6.32।। तत्त्वज्ञान और आत्मानुभव में स्थित योगीजन स्वभावत सर्वत्र व्याप्त आत्मा के दर्शन करते हैं। वे सभी कर्मों में आत्मा के वैभव को देखते हैं और जानते हैं कि उपाधियों के द्वारा किये जाने वाले समस्त कर्म आत्मकृपा से ही होते हैं। बाह्य स्थूल और आन्तरिक सूक्ष्म जगत् आत्मा की ही अभिव्यक्ति है।गीता के अनुसार सर्वश्रेष्ठ योगी वह है जो अन्य के सुख एवं दुख को इस प्रकार समझता है जैसे वे उसके अपने ही हों। प्रसिद्ध नैतिक नियम है कि अन्य के साथ वैसा ही व्यवहार करो जैसा कि उससे तुम अपेक्षा रखते हो। परन्तु यह नियम सामान्य मनुष्य को अप्रिय लगता है क्योंकि स्वार्थ के कारण वह सोचता है कि क्यों वह दूसरों को अपने ही समान समझे। अज्ञान तथा स्वार्थ के कारण लोगों की स्वाभाविक प्रवृत्ति अनैतिकता की ओर झुक जाती है।पूर्व श्लोकों में इसका स्पष्टीकरण किया गया है कि क्यों हमें प्राणीमात्र से प्रेम करना चाहिए। योगी आत्मसाक्षात्कार के द्वारा समस्त सृष्टि को आत्मा की ही अभिव्यक्ति के रूप में पहचानता है अत सबसे प्रेम होना स्वाभाविक ही है। प्रत्येक मनुष्य को अपने शरीर से तादात्म्य होने के कारण शरीर के समस्त अंगों से उसे एक समान ही प्रेम होता है। यदि अकस्मात् दांतों से जिह्वा कट जाती है तो मनुष्य कभी भी दांतों को दण्ड देने का विचार नहीं करता क्योंकि दांतों में तथा जिह्वा में समान रूप से वह स्वयं व्याप्त है। इसी प्रकार आत्मा को पहचान लेने पर सम्पूर्ण नामरूप की सृष्टि आत्मस्वरूप ही बन जाती है और समस्त कालों में सर्वत्र केवल मैं (आत्मा) ही व्याप्त रहता हूँ।आत्मैकत्व दर्शन करने वाला सिद्ध व्यक्ति ही गीता में परम योगी माना गया है जो समाज को देता अधिक है और लेता कम है। प्रेम उसका श्वास है और करुणा उसकी जीविका।श्रीकृष्ण द्वारा ज्ञानी पुरुष का जो उपर्युक्त वर्णन शब्दचित्र के माध्यम से किया गया है वह किसी को भी अपनी ओर आकर्षित कर सकता है किन्तु व्यावहारिक बुद्धि का अर्जुन उक्त लक्ष्य को पाने में स्वयं को असमर्थ पाता है और वह प्रश्न के रूप में अपनी शंका को व्यक्त करता है।यथोक्त सम्यग्दर्शन रूप योग का संपादन दुष्कर जानकर उसकी प्राप्ति का निश्चयात्मक उपाय जानने की इच्छा से अर्जुन कहता है
🪷 Place in the Bhagavad-Gītā
- This is verse 32 of 47 in Chapter 6 · Dhyāna-Yoga (The Yoga of Meditation)
- Chapter theme: The yogī's discipline · abhyāsa-vairāgya · the supreme dhyāna-state
- Ṣaṭka grouping: TVAM-Ṣaṭka (BG 1-6 · the jīva)
- Chapter hub: /dhyana-yoga
🪷 ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय 🪷
सर्वम् कृष्णार्पणम् — this verse is one maṇi (jewel) on Krishna's thread (BG 7.7)