🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 5.19

Chapter 5 · कर्मसंन्यासयोग · Karma-Sannyāsa-Yoga · "The Yoga of Action-Renunciation" · Verse 19 of 29

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इहैव तैर्जितः सर्गो येषां साम्ये स्थितं मनः।

निर्दोषं हि समं ब्रह्म तस्माद्ब्रह्मणि ते स्थिताः।।5.19।।
Bhagavad-Gītā 5.19 · the yathārtha śloka (Devanāgarī Sanskrit · canonical)

🪷 English Translations

Five authentic English voices · each from a distinct sampradāya · together revealing the verse's full śabda-tattva.

Shri Purohit Swami · Poetic English · 1935 · public domain · Cosmo Press tradition
5.19 Even in this world they conquer their earth-life whose minds, fixed on the Supreme, remain always balanced; for the Supreme has neither blemish nor bias.
Swami Sivananda · Direct prose · Divine Life Society
5.19 Even here (in this world) birth (everything) is overcome by those whose minds rest in eality; Brahman is spotless indeed and eal; therefore they are established in Brahman.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Word-key glosses · Advaita Ashrama · Śaṅkara-school
5.19 Iha eva, here itself, even while they are living; is sargah, rirth; jitah, conered, overcome; taih, by them, by the learned ones who see with eanimity; yesam, whose; manah, minds, the internal organs; are sthitam, established, made steadfast; samye, on sameness, in Brahman that exists as the same in all beings. It is nirdosam, free from defects. Because of Its existence in such mean objects as an eater of dog's meat, etc., though It is supposed by fools to be affected by the defects of those (objects), still It remains untouched by those blemishes, hi, because It is free from defects. Nor even is It differentiated by Its alities, since Consciousness is free from alifications. And the Lord will speak of desires etc. (cf. 13.6 etc.) as the attributes of the aggregate of body and organs, and will also say, 'Being without beginning and without alities' (13.31). Nor even are there the ultimate distinctions which can create differentiation in the Self, [According to the Vaisesikas, everything is possessed of not only alities but also of antya-visesa (ultimate distinction), which is a category like substance, ality, action, etc. This distinction makes every entity different from other entities. Thus, individual souls have their own ultimate distinctions by the very fact that they are individuals. Vedanta denies such a category. Besides, the Self is one and omnipresent. Therefore there is nothing else from which It can be distinguished.-Tr.] because there is nothing to prove that these ultimate distinctions exist in every body. Hence, samam brahma, Brahman is the same and one. Tasmat, therefore; te, they; sthitah, are established; brahmani, in Brahman Itself. As a result, not even a shade of defect touches them. For they have no self-identification in the form of perceiving the aggregate of body etc. as the Self. On the other hand, that statement (Gau. Sm. 17.20) refers to the man who has self-identification in the form of perceiving the aggregate of body, (organs) etc. as the Self, for that statement-'A sacrificer incurs sin by not adoring eally one who is an eal, and by adoring eally one who is not eal to himself, pointedly refers to persons who are the objects of adoration. It is indeed seen that in worship, charity, etc. the determining factors are the possession of such special alities as being 'a knower of Brahman', 'versed in the six auxiliary branches of Vedic learning', and 'versed in the four Vedas'. But Brahman is bereft of association with all alities and defects. This being so, it is logical that they are established in Brahman. And 'adoring an eal, ৷৷.an uneal,' etc. has reference to men of action. [Those engaged in actions with a sense of agentship, etc.-Tr.] But this subject under consideration, beginning from 'The embodied man৷৷.having given up all actions mentally' (13) to the end of the chapter, is concerning one who has given up all actions. Since the Self is Brahman which is without blemish and is the same (in all), therefore-
Swami Ādidevānanda · Śrī-Vaiṣṇava perspective · Rāmānuja school
5.19 By those whose minds rest in ealness with regard to all selves in the aforesaid manner, even here, i.e., even at the stage of executing the means, Samsara is overcome. For the Brahman is of the same nature everywhere when uncontaminated. The meaning is that the substance of self, when free from the contaminations resulting from contact with the Prakrti (body), is the same everywhere i.e., as the Brahman (the Atman). If they are fixed in the eality of all selves, they verily abide in Brahman. The abidance in the Brahman is verily the conest of Samsara. Those who contemplate on the sameness of all selves, because of their having the form of knowledge, they are liberated. Sri Krsna now teaches that mode of life by following which the maturity of knowledge in the form of sameness of vision comes to a Karma Yogin.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Academic precision · modern scholarly
5.19. The Brahman-knower, who is disillusioned, who is established in Brahman and has a firm intellect, would neither rejoice on meeting a friend nor get agitated on meeting a foe.

🪷 Hindi Translation · हिन्दी अनुवाद

For the Hindi-aware seer · Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's translation · the highest-readability modern Hindi rendering · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur tradition.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī tradition · Gītā-Press Gorakhpur · highest modern Hindi reading
।।5.19।। जिनका अन्तःकरण समतामें स्थित है, उन्होंने इस जीवित-अवस्थामें ही सम्पूर्ण संसारको जीत लिया है; ब्रह्म निर्दोष और सम है, इसलिये वे ब्रह्ममें ही स्थित हैं।

🪷 English Commentaries · The Ācārya Voices

The classical commentary tradition rendered in English · each ācārya speaks from their own sampradāya · the seer chooses the depth of darśana.

Swami Sivananda · Verse-by-verse word-keys with Sanskrit anchors
5.19 इह here? एव even? तैः by them? जितः is conered? सर्गः rirth or creation? येषाम् of whom? साम्ये in eality? स्थितम् established? मनः mind? निर्दोषम् spotless? हि indeed? समम् eal? ब्रह्म Brahman? तस्मात् therefore? ब्रह्मणि in Brahman? ते they? स्थिताः are established.Commentary When the mind gets rooted in eanimity or evenness or eality? when it is always in a balanced state? one coners birth and death. Bondage is annihilated and freedom is attained by him. When the mind is in a perfectly balanced state he overcomes Brahman Himself? i.e.? realises Brahman.Brahman is ever pure and attributeless and so He is not affected even though He dwells in an outcaste? dog? etc. So He is spotless. He is homogeneous and one? as He dwells eally in all beings.
Swami Gambīrānanda · Advaita-school commentary (Śaṅkara tradition)
5.19 Iha eva, here itself, even while they are living; is sargah, rirth; jitah, conered, overcome; taih, by them, by the learned ones who see with eanimity; yesam, whose; manah, minds, the internal organs; are sthitam, established, made steadfast; samye, on sameness, in Brahman that exists as the same in all beings. It is nirdosam, free from defects. Because of Its existence in such mean objects as an eater of dog's meat, etc., though It is supposed by fools to be affected by the defects of those (objects), still It remains untouched by those blemishes, hi, because It is free from defects. Nor even is It differentiated by Its alities, since Consciousness is free from alifications. And the Lord will speak of desires etc. (cf. 13.6 etc.) as the attributes of the aggregate of body and organs, and will also say, 'Being without beginning and without alities' (13.31). Nor even are there the ultimate distinctions which can create differentiation in the Self, [According to the Vaisesikas, everything is possessed of not only alities but also of antya-visesa (ultimate distinction), which is a category like substance, ality, action, etc. This distinction makes every entity different from other entities. Thus, individual souls have their own ultimate distinctions by the very fact that they are individuals. Vedanta denies such a category. Besides, the Self is one and omnipresent. Therefore there is nothing else from which It can be distinguished.-Tr.] because there is nothing to prove that these ultimate distinctions exist in every body. Hence, samam brahma, Brahman is the same and one. Tasmat, therefore; te, they; sthitah, are established; brahmani, in Brahman Itself. As a result, not even a shade of defect touches them. For they have no self-identification in the form of perceiving the aggregate of body etc. as the Self. On the other hand, that statement (Gau. Sm. 17.20) refers to the man who has self-identification in the form of perceiving the aggregate of body, (organs) etc. as the Self, for that statement-'A sacrificer incurs sin by not adoring eally one who is an eal, and by adoring eally one who is not eal to himself, pointedly refers to persons who are the objects of adoration. It is indeed seen that in worship, charity, etc. the determining factors are the possession of such special alities as being 'a knower of Brahman', 'versed in the six auxiliary branches of Vedic learning', and 'versed in the four Vedas'. But Brahman is bereft of association with all alities and defects. This being so, it is logical that they are established in Brahman. And 'adoring an eal, ৷৷.an uneal,' etc. has reference to men of action. [Those engaged in actions with a sense of agentship, etc.-Tr.] But this subject under consideration, beginning from 'The embodied man৷৷.having given up all actions mentally' (13) to the end of the chapter, is concerning one who has given up all actions. Since the Self is Brahman which is without blemish and is the same (in all), therefore-
Swami Ādidevānanda · Rāmānuja Śrī-Vaiṣṇava commentary
5.19 By those whose minds rest in ealness with regard to all selves in the aforesaid manner, even here, i.e., even at the stage of executing the means, Samsara is overcome. For the Brahman is of the same nature everywhere when uncontaminated. The meaning is that the substance of self, when free from the contaminations resulting from contact with the Prakrti (body), is the same everywhere i.e., as the Brahman (the Atman). If they are fixed in the eality of all selves, they verily abide in Brahman. The abidance in the Brahman is verily the conest of Samsara. Those who contemplate on the sameness of all selves, because of their having the form of knowledge, they are liberated. Sri Krsna now teaches that mode of life by following which the maturity of knowledge in the form of sameness of vision comes to a Karma Yogin.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan · Modern academic scholarship
5.19 This sloka does not exit in Gitartha sangraha of Abhinavagupta.
Swami Chinmayānanda · Chinmaya Mission · modern Vedantic teaching
।।5.19।। इस श्लोक में प्राय सम्पूर्ण शास्त्र को ही गागर में सागर की भाँति भर दिया गया है। प्रस्तुत प्रकरण के सन्दर्भ में सर्वप्रथम यह दर्शाना आवश्यक था कि पूर्व श्लोक में वर्णित समदर्शनरूप पूर्णत्व कोई ऐसा दैवी आदर्श नहीं जिसकी प्राप्ति या अनुभूति देहत्याग के पश्चात् स्वर्ग नामक किसी लोक विशेष में होगी। पुराणों तथा यहूदी धर्मों में धर्म साधना और जीवन का लक्ष्य स्वर्गप्राप्ति ही बताया गया है। एक बुद्धिमान् एवं विचारशील पुरुष को स्वर्ग का आश्वासन एक आकर्षक माया जाल से अधिक कुछ प्रतीत नहीं होता। ऐसे अस्पष्ट और अज्ञात लक्ष्य की प्राप्ति के लिये बुद्धिमान् पुरुष को प्रोत्साहित नहीं किया जा सकता। उसमें उस लक्ष्य के प्रति न उत्साह होगा और न लगन।स्वर्ग प्राप्ति के आश्वासन के विपरीत यहाँ वेदान्त में स्पष्ट घोषणा की गयी है कि जीव का संसार यहीं पर समाप्त होकर वह अपने अनन्तस्वरूप का साक्षात् अनुभव कर सकता है। आत्मानुभूति का यह लक्ष्य मृत्यु के पश्चात् प्राप्य नहीं वरन् इसी जीवन में इसी देह में और इसी लोक में प्राप्त करने योग्य है। जीवभाव की परिच्छिन्नताओं से ऊपर उठकर मनुष्य ईश्वरानुभूति में स्थित रह सकता है।जीवत्व से ईश्वरत्व तक आरोहण करने में कौन समर्थ है किस उपाय से संसार बन्धनों से मुक्ति पायी जा सकती है इस श्लोक में केवल जीवन के लक्ष्य का ही नहीं बल्कि तत्प्राप्ति के लिए साधन का भी संकेत किया गया है। भगवान् कहते हैं कि जिनका मन समत्व भाव में स्थित है वे ब्रह्म में स्थित हैं।पतंजलि मुनि इसी बात को दूसरे शब्दों में इस प्रकार कहते हैं कि योगश्चित्तवृत्तिनिरोध अर्थात् चित्तवृत्तियों के निरोध को योग कहते हैं। जहाँ मन की वृत्तियों का पूर्ण निरोध हुआ वहाँ मन का अस्तित्व ही समाप्त समझना चाहिए। मन ही वह उपाधि है जिसमें व्यक्त चैतन्य जीव या अहंकार के रूप में प्रकट होकर स्वयं को सम्पूर्ण जगत् से भिन्न मानता है। अत मन के नष्ट होने पर अहंकार और उसके संसार का भी नाश अवश्यंभावी है। सांसारिक दुखों से मुक्त जीव अनुभव करता है कि वह परमात्मस्वरूप से भिन्न नहीं। इस स्वरूपानुभूति के बिना पूर्व श्लोक में कथित समदर्शित्व प्राप्त नहीं हो सकता।भगवान् कहते हैं कि जिसने सर्ग (जन्मादिरूप संसार) को जीत लिया और जिसका मन समस्त परिस्थितिओं में समभाव में स्थित रहता है वह पुरुष निश्चय ही ब्रह्म में स्थित है। प्रथम बार में अध्ययन करने पर यह कथन अयुक्तिक प्रतीत हो सकता है। इसलिये भगवान् इसका कारण बताते हैं क्योंकि ब्रह्म निर्दोष और सम है।ब्रह्म सर्वत्र समानरूप से व्याप्त है। सब घटनाएं उसमें ही घटती हैं परन्तु उसको कोई विकार प्राप्त नहीं होता। सत्य सदैव नदी के तल के समान अपरिवर्तित रहता है जबकि उसका जल प्रवाह सदैव चंचल रहता है। अधिष्ठान सदा अविकारी रहता है परन्तु अध्यस्त (कल्पित) अथवा व्यक्त हुई सृष्टि का स्वभाव है नित्य परिवर्तनशीलता। जीव देहादि के साथ तादात्म्य करके इन परिवर्तनों का शिकार बन जाता है जबकि अधिष्ठानरूप आत्मा नित्य अपरिवर्तनशील और एक समान रहता है।जो व्यक्ति मनुष्य को विचलित कर देने वाली समस्त परिस्थितियों में अविचलित और समभाव रहता है उसने निश्चय ही अधिष्ठान में स्थिति प्राप्त कर ली है। समुद्र की लहरों पर बढ़ती हुई लकड़ी इतस्तत भटकती रह सकती है लेकिन दृढ़ चट्टानों पर निर्मित दीपस्तम्भ अविचल खड़ा रहता है। तूफान उसके चरणों से टकराकर अपना क्रोध शान्त करते हैं। इसलिए भगवान् का कथन युक्तियुक्त ही है कि समत्वभाव में स्थित पुरुष ब्रह्म में ही स्थित है।इसलिए

🪷 Hindi Vyākhyā · हिन्दी व्याख्या

Pūjya Swami Rāmsukhdās ji's Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · one of the greatest modern Hindi vyākhyās of the Gītā · direct, pure, deeply Vedāntic · the modern Sanātana-jāgaraṇa.

🪷 Swami Rāmsukhdās · Sādhaka-Sañjīvanī · Hindi vyākhyā · the modern bilingual anchor
5.19।। व्याख्या--'येषां साम्ये स्थितं मनः'--परमात्मतत्त्व अथवा स्वरूपमें स्वाभाविक स्थितिका अनुभव होनेपर जब मन-बुद्धिमें राग-द्वेष, कामना, विषमता आदिका सर्वथा अभाव हो जाता है, तब मन-बुद्धिमें स्वतः-स्वाभाविक समता आ जाती है, लानी नहीं पड़ती। बाहरसे देखनेपर महापुरुष और साधारण पुरुषमें खाना-पीना, चलना-फिरना आदि व्यवहार एक-सा ही दीखता है, पर महापुरुषोंके अन्तःकरणमें निरन्तर समता, निर्दोषता, शान्ति आदि रहती है और साधारण पुरुषोंके अन्तःकरणमें विषमता, दोष, अशान्ति आदि रहती है।जैसे, पूर्वमें और पश्चिममें--दोनों ओर पर्वत हों, तो पूर्वमें सूर्यका उदय होना नहीं दीखता; परन्तु पश्चिममें स्थित पर्वतकी चोटीपर प्रकाश दीखनेसे सूर्यके उदय होनेमें कोई सन्देह नहीं रहता। कारण कि सूर्यका उदय हुए बिना पश्चिमके पर्वतपर प्रकाश दीखना सम्भव ही नहीं। ऐसे ही जिनके मन-बुद्धिपर मान-अपमान, निन्दा-स्तुति, सुख-दुःख आदिका कोई असर नहीं पड़ता तथा जिनके मन-बुद्धि राग-द्वेष, हर्ष-शोक आदि विकारोंसे सर्वथा रहित हैं, उनकी स्वरूपमें स्वाभाविक स्थिति अवश्य होती है। कारण कि स्वरूपमें स्वाभाविक स्थितिके बिना मन-बुद्धिमें अटल और एकरस समताका रहना सम्भव ही नहीं है

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