🪷 Bhagavad-Gītā · 18.37

18.37 यत् which? तत् that? अग्रे at first? विषम् poison? इव like? परिणामे in the end? अमृतोपमम् like nectar? तत् that? सुखम् pleasure? सात्त्विकम् Sattvic? प्रोक्तम् is declared (to be)? आत्मबुद्धिप्रसादजम् born of the purity of ones own mind due to Selfrealisation.Commentary Agree vishma iva In the beginning it is attended with much pain as one has to abandon the sensual objects and comforts and practise severe austerities and rigorous Sadhana. He has to undergo a severe ordeal when he practises Yama? Niyama? Tapas and various other vows. He has to cultivate dispassion or indifference to sensual pleasures. This gives him much pain at first. The practice of concentration and meditation also gives pain the beginning. Subjugation of the senses is also very troublesome. Nux vomica is very bitter. One feels much discomfort when he takes a mixture that contains nux vomica. But he derives much pleasure in the end when he gets vigour and good appetite and when his dyspepsia is cured. Even so the aspirant drinks the nectar of immortality in the end? attains the highest knowledge? rejoices in the,Self to his hearts content and enjoys supreme peace and eternal bliss.Proktam It is declared by the wise.Atmabuddhiprasadajam Born as purity of ones own intellect or born of the direct? perfect and clear knowledge of Brahman or the immortal? selfluminous? eternal and supreme Self or the Absolute. The individual self experiences Sattvic happiness when it realises union with the highest Self.The pleasure so born is Sattvic. (Cf.VI.1?2)

18.37 Yat, that joy which is; iva, like; visam, poison, a source of pain; agre, in the beginning-when it first comes in the early stages of (acisition) of knowledge, detachment, meditation and absorption, since they involve great struggle; but amrtopamam, comparable to nectar; pariname, in the end, when it arises from the maturity of knowledge, detachment, etc.; and which atma-buddhi-prasadajam, arises from the purity (prasada), trasparence like water, of one's intellect (atma-buddhi); tat, that; sukham, joy; is proktam, spoken of, by the learned ones ;as sattvikam, born of sattva. Or, the phrase atma-buddhi-prasadajam may mean 'arising from the high degree of clearness of that atma-buddhi (knowledge of or connected with the Self)'; therefore it is born of sattva.

18.37 That pleasure, which 'at the beginning,' i.e., at the time of beginning of Yoga, is 'like poison,' i.e., is painful because it reires strenuous efforts and because the distinct nature of the self is not yet experienced, but which after long practice fructifies in the blissful experience of the self - that joy born of a serene state of mind 'focusing on the self' is Sattvika. The Buddhi concerning the self is 'Atama-buddhi.' When all objects are withdrawn from that Buddhi it becomes serene (Prasanna). The joy born of the experience of the self in its distinct nature, when all objects are withdrawn from the Buddhi, becomes 'like elixir'. That joy is said to be Sattvika.

18.37 See Comment under 18.39

।।18.37।। जो प्रथम विष के समान है यहाँ ध्यान देने योग्य बात यह है कि वास्तव में सात्त्विक सुख कभी विष के समान नहीं होता है? परन्तु मनुष्य की स्वाभाविक प्रवृत्ति बहिर्मुखी होने के कारण उसे ज्ञान? वैराग्य? ध्यान आदि सात्त्विक सुख के साधनों का अभ्यास करने में कठिनाई अनुभव होती है। इसलिए ऐसे दुर्बल व्यक्ति को यह सात्त्विक सुख प्रारम्भ में विष के समान दुखदायी प्रतीत होता है? किन्तु यह वास्तविकता नहीं है। उदाहरणार्थ बालकों को खेलकूद में आसक्ति होने के कारण पाठशाला का अध्ययन दुखदायी प्रतीत होता है।परिणाम में अमृत के समान है परिणाम में अर्थात् जब ज्ञान? वैराग्य आदि साधनाभ्यास में परिपक्वता आने पर वास्तविक मनशान्ति का अनुभव होता है तब वह अमृत के समान आनन्दायक होता है। यह सुख सात्त्विक कहा गया है।आत्म बुद्धि के प्रसाद से उत्पन्न प्राय लोग प्रसाद का अर्थ कर्मकाण्डीय पूजा की सम्पन्नता होने पर वितरित किया जाने वाला भोज्य प्रसाद ही समझते हैं। परन्तु यहाँ प्रसाद का अर्थ व्यापक और गम्भीर है।आत्मानुसंधान के द्वारा आत्मस्वरूप में समाहित बुद्धि आत्म बुद्धि कहलाती है। उस बुद्धि के प्रसाद का अर्थ है? प्रसन्नता? निर्मलता। बुद्धि के शान्त? शुद्ध और स्थिर होने पर? जो सुख की अनुभूति होती है? वही आत्मबुद्धि प्रसादज सात्त्विक सुख है। ऐसा सर्वश्रेष्ठ सुख केवल सुशिक्षित? सुसंस्कृत और सात्त्विक पुरुषों को ही प्राप्त होता है।