{"id":"vidhyamitra:day:2021-01-05:en","page_class":"VM-1-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/2021-01-05","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2021-01-05","date_display":"January 5, 2021 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459219.770833,"kali_year":5122,"ahargana":1870754.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":260.521,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":153.8878,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":253.3669,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.3669},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":153.8878,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.2212},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":54.4088},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2021,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459219.770833,"ahargana":1870754.2708,"kali_year":5122,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1465,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":260.7679780000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":153.17307800000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4796},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":4.721777999999972,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":269.947678,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":279.564578,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":241.05067799999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":277.94427799999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":58.436,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":238.436,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459219.770833,"kali_year":5122,"ahargana":1870754.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":260.521,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":153.8878,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":253.3669,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.3669},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":153.8878,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.2212},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":54.4088},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.48,"elongation":106.633},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.48,"opposition_distance":73.367}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-6,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.091,"opposition_distance":1.549}]},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2078,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1943,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1428,"malayalam_era":1197,"nanakshahi_year":552,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2078 Ānanda · Śaka 1943 Plava"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"valid_from":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate; Vidhyamitra substrate"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 5, 2021 CE · Vidhyamitra","description":"Vedic pañchāṅga for January 5, 2021 CE: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Uttara Phalgunī.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/2021-01-05","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/2021-01-05","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/day/2021-01-05","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/day/2021-01-05","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/2021-01-05"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T06:06:27.248Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T06:06:27.248Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa"}}}