{"id":"vidhyamitra:day:2001-01-18:en","page_class":"VM-1-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/2001-01-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-18","date_display":"January 18, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451927.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863462.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.056,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.9848,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.9288,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.9288},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":198.9848,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3182},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":113.0408},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451927.770833,"ahargana":1863462.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8676,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.14438599999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":202.24478599999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1044},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":200.87088600000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":288.5348859999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.37968599999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":321.213786,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.145186000000024,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.8013,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.8013,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451927.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863462.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.056,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.9848,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.9288,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.9288},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":198.9848,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3182},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":113.0408},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.104,"elongation":75.071},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.104,"opposition_distance":104.929}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-8,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.182,"opposition_distance":1.705}]},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"valid_from":"2001-01-18T00:00:00Z"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate; Vidhyamitra substrate"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 18, 2001 CE · Vidhyamitra","description":"Vedic pañchāṅga for January 18, 2001 CE: Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Svātī.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/2001-01-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/2001-01-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/day/2001-01-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/day/2001-01-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/2001-01-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:47:54.062Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T23:47:54.062Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa"}}}