{"id":"vidhyamitra:day:1939-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-1-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1939-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1939-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 1939 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429472.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841007.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.7006,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":243.6489,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.9483,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9483},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":243.6489,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6489},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":344.3495},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1939,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429472.770833,"ahargana":1841007.2708,"kali_year":5041,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0088,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.06773199999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":244.96923200000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3985},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":276.0815319999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":122.13053200000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":346.442932,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":91.03043200000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":8.441531999999995,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":194.5752,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":14.5752,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429472.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841007.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.7006,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":243.6489,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.9483,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9483},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":243.6489,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6489},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":344.3495},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.398,"elongation":142.948},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.398,"opposition_distance":37.052}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1996,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1861,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1346,"malayalam_era":1115,"nanakshahi_year":470,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 1996 Nandana · Śaka 1861 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"valid_from":"1939-07-28T00:00:00Z"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate; Vidhyamitra substrate"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 1939 CE · Vidhyamitra","description":"Vedic pañchāṅga for July 28, 1939 CE: Śukla Dvādaśī · Mūla.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1939-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1939-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/day/1939-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/day/1939-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1939-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:08:25.295Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:08:25.295Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa"}}}