{"id":"vidhyamitra:day:1659-04-20:en","page_class":"VM-1-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-04-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1659-04-20","date_display":"April 20, 1659 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1659,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2327106.770833,"kali_year":4761,"ahargana":1738641.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":11.6067,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":355.08,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":343.4733,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.4733},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":355.08,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.4133},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":6.6866},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1659,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2327106.770833,"ahargana":1738641.2708,"kali_year":4761,"ayanamsa_lahiri":19.0937,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.725865999999996,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":353.682566,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.0867},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":317.952766,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":15.072565999999995,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":108.391866,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":329.340066,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":192.40466600000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":218.4185,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":38.4185,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1659,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2327106.770833,"kali_year":4761,"ahargana":1738641.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":11.6067,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":355.08,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":343.4733,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.4733},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":355.08,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.4133},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":6.6866},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.087,"elongation":16.527},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.087,"opposition_distance":163.473}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":17,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.596,"opposition_distance":1.901}]},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1716,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1581,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1066,"malayalam_era":835,"nanakshahi_year":190,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 1716 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1581 Vikāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Māsika Śivarātri is not live yet; Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"valid_from":"1659-04-20T00:00:00Z"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate; Vidhyamitra substrate"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 20, 1659 CE · Vidhyamitra","description":"Vedic pañchāṅga for April 20, 1659 CE: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Revatī.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-04-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-04-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-04-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-04-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-04-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-27T03:10:49.844Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-27T03:10:49.844Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}