{"id":"vidhyamitra:day:1659-03-21:en","page_class":"VM-1-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-03-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1659-03-21","date_display":"March 21, 1659 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1659,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2327076.770833,"kali_year":4760,"ahargana":1738611.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":342.2457,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":320.2148,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":337.9691,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.9691},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":320.2148,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2148},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":302.4604},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1659,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2327076.770833,"ahargana":1738611.2708,"kali_year":4760,"ayanamsa_lahiri":19.0926,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":341.282812,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":318.019912,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4286},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":295.286212,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":321.51271199999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":107.78961200000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":305.79861200000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":194.55301199999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":220.0081,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":40.0081,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1659,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2327076.770833,"kali_year":4760,"ahargana":1738611.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":342.2457,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":320.2148,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":337.9691,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.9691},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":320.2148,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2148},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":302.4604},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.429,"elongation":22.031},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.429,"opposition_distance":157.969}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1716,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1581,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1066,"malayalam_era":835,"nanakshahi_year":190,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 1716 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1581 Vikāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"valid_from":"1659-03-21T00:00:00Z"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate; Vidhyamitra substrate"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 21, 1659 CE · Vidhyamitra","description":"Vedic pañchāṅga for March 21, 1659 CE: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Pūrva Bhādrapadā.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-03-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-03-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-03-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-03-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-03-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-05T06:23:22.720Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-05T06:23:22.720Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa"}}}