{"id":"vidhyamitra:day:1659-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-1-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1659-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 1659 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1659,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2327012.770833,"kali_year":4760,"ahargana":1738547.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.6407,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":188.1772,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":270.5365,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.5365},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":188.1772,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5105},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":105.8179},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":45,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1659,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2327012.770833,"ahargana":1738547.2708,"kali_year":4760,"ayanamsa_lahiri":19.0901,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.9078569999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":184.84315700000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5936},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":247.83935700000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":296.566557,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":114.25275699999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":316.24115699999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":195.44615699999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":223.3991,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":43.3991,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1659,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2327012.770833,"kali_year":4760,"ahargana":1738547.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.6407,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":188.1772,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":270.5365,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.5365},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":188.1772,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5105},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":105.8179},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":45,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.594,"elongation":89.464},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.594,"opposition_distance":90.536}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1716,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1581,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1066,"malayalam_era":835,"nanakshahi_year":190,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 1716 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1581 Vikāri"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"valid_from":"1659-01-16T00:00:00Z"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate; Vidhyamitra substrate"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 1659 CE · Vidhyamitra","description":"Vedic pañchāṅga for January 16, 1659 CE: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Svātī.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/day/1659-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-05T09:54:11.667Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-05T09:54:11.667Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa"}}}