{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:2028-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461889.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873424.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.0453,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":53.322,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":39.2767,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2767},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":53.322,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.322},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.3674},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461889.770833,"ahargana":1873424.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2486,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.037063999999987,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":52.54566399999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.1041},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":5.416464000000019,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":30.38026400000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":143.525664,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":52.143564000000026,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":7.666064000000006,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":276.9666,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":96.9666,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461889.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873424.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.0453,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":53.322,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":39.2767,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2767},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":53.322,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.322},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.3674},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.104,"elongation":39.277},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.104,"opposition_distance":140.723}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:42","sunsetLocal":"18:51","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":13.147573361995237,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:57","moonsetLocal":"21:44","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:38","end":"12:17","startHours":10.637727160493599,"endHours":12.281173830743004,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:34","end":"17:13","startHours":15.568067171241813,"endHours":17.211513841491218,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:21","end":"09:00","startHours":7.350833819994789,"endHours":8.994280490244194,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:47","end":"09:13","startHours":8.775154267544274,"endHours":9.213406712944114,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:15","end":"06:36","startHours":6.2552027064951865,"endHours":6.60580466281506,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:51","end":"12:43","startHours":11.842921385343162,"endHours":12.719426276142846,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:57","end":"04:50","startHours":3.95437736814602,"endHours":4.830882258945702,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:37","end":"05:42","startHours":4.611756036245781,"endHours":5.707387149745385,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:21","startHours":14.47243605774221,"endHours":15.348940948541891,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:39","end":"19:03","startHours":18.654960511740622,"endHours":19.05496051174062,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:51","end":"19:24","startHours":18.85496051174062,"endHours":19.40277606849042,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:36","end":"20:21","startHours":18.60496051174062,"endHours":20.35496051174062,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:51","end":"00:43","startHours":23.842921385343164,"endHours":24.719426276142844,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:42","end":"07:21","startHours":5.707387149745385,"endHours":7.350833819994789,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:21","end":"09:00","startHours":7.350833819994789,"endHours":8.994280490244194,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:00","end":"10:38","startHours":8.994280490244194,"endHours":10.637727160493599,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:38","end":"12:17","startHours":10.637727160493599,"endHours":12.281173830743004,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:17","end":"13:55","startHours":12.281173830743004,"endHours":13.924620500992408,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:55","end":"15:34","startHours":13.924620500992408,"endHours":15.568067171241813,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:34","end":"17:13","startHours":15.568067171241813,"endHours":17.211513841491218,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:13","end":"18:51","startHours":17.211513841491218,"endHours":18.85496051174062,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:51","end":"20:13","startHours":18.85496051174062,"endHours":20.211513841491218,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:13","end":"21:34","startHours":20.211513841491218,"endHours":21.56806717124181,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:34","end":"22:55","startHours":21.56806717124181,"endHours":22.924620500992408,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:55","end":"00:17","startHours":22.924620500992408,"endHours":24.281173830743004,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:17","end":"01:38","startHours":24.281173830743004,"endHours":25.637727160493597,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:38","end":"03:00","startHours":25.637727160493597,"endHours":26.994280490244194,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:00","end":"04:21","startHours":26.994280490244194,"endHours":28.35083381999479,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:21","end":"05:42","startHours":28.35083381999479,"endHours":29.707387149745387,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:42","end":"06:42","startHours":5.707387149745385,"endHours":6.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:42","end":"07:42","startHours":6.707387149745385,"endHours":7.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:42","end":"08:42","startHours":7.707387149745385,"endHours":8.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:42","end":"09:42","startHours":8.707387149745385,"endHours":9.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:42","end":"10:42","startHours":9.707387149745385,"endHours":10.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:42","end":"11:42","startHours":10.707387149745385,"endHours":11.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:42","end":"12:42","startHours":11.707387149745385,"endHours":12.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:42","end":"13:42","startHours":12.707387149745385,"endHours":13.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:42","end":"14:42","startHours":13.707387149745385,"endHours":14.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:42","end":"15:42","startHours":14.707387149745385,"endHours":15.707387149745385,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:42","end":"16:42","startHours":15.707387149745385,"endHours":16.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:42","end":"17:42","startHours":16.707387149745387,"endHours":17.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:42","end":"18:42","startHours":17.707387149745387,"endHours":18.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:42","end":"19:42","startHours":18.707387149745387,"endHours":19.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:42","end":"20:42","startHours":19.707387149745387,"endHours":20.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:42","end":"21:42","startHours":20.707387149745387,"endHours":21.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:42","end":"22:42","startHours":21.707387149745387,"endHours":22.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:42","end":"23:42","startHours":22.707387149745387,"endHours":23.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:42","end":"00:42","startHours":23.707387149745387,"endHours":24.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:42","end":"01:42","startHours":24.707387149745387,"endHours":25.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:42","end":"02:42","startHours":25.707387149745387,"endHours":26.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:42","end":"03:42","startHours":26.707387149745387,"endHours":27.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:42","end":"04:42","startHours":27.707387149745387,"endHours":28.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:42","end":"05:42","startHours":28.707387149745387,"endHours":29.707387149745387,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.266247695861201,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":24.2486}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 2028 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 2028 CE for Vṛndāvana: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 05:42, sūryāsta 18:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T20:13:22.563Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T20:13:22.563Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T20:13:22.563Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}