{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:2028-01-15:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-01-15","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-01-15","date_display":"January 15, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":15,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461785.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873320.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":269.9635,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":127.1951,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":217.2316,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2316},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":127.1951,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.1951},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":37.1586},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":15,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461785.770833,"ahargana":1873320.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2447,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":270.147738,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":130.371438,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.8801},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":284.28873799999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":288.26393800000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":153.06813799999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":307.451638,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":357.239538,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":282.477,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":102.477,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":15,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461785.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873320.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":269.9635,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":127.1951,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":217.2316,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2316},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":127.1951,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.1951},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":37.1586},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.88,"elongation":142.768},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.88,"opposition_distance":37.232}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:11","sunsetLocal":"17:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":10.576417229881077,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 34 Mins 35 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 25 Mins 25 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:46","moonsetLocal":"09:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:09","startHours":9.834441516631953,"endHours":11.156493670367087,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:48","end":"15:07","startHours":13.800597977837356,"endHours":15.122650131572492,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:11","end":"08:31","startHours":7.190337209161684,"endHours":8.512389362896819,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"10:01","startHours":9.658167896133936,"endHours":10.01071513712997,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:38","end":"07:55","startHours":7.631021260406729,"endHours":7.913059053203558,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:50","startHours":12.125998583106187,"endHours":12.831093065098257,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:47","end":"06:29","startHours":5.78014824517754,"endHours":6.485242727169612,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:19","end":"07:11","startHours":6.3089691066715945,"endHours":7.190337209161684,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:14","end":"14:57","startHours":14.241282029082402,"endHours":14.946376511074474,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:34","end":"17:58","startHours":17.56675443904276,"endHours":17.96675443904276,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:46","end":"18:12","startHours":17.76675443904276,"endHours":18.207438490287807,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:31","end":"19:16","startHours":17.51675443904276,"endHours":19.26675443904276,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:50","startHours":24.125998583106185,"endHours":24.831093065098255,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:11","end":"08:31","startHours":7.190337209161684,"endHours":8.512389362896819,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:31","end":"09:50","startHours":8.512389362896819,"endHours":9.834441516631953,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:50","end":"11:09","startHours":9.834441516631953,"endHours":11.156493670367087,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:09","end":"12:29","startHours":11.156493670367087,"endHours":12.478545824102223,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:29","end":"13:48","startHours":12.478545824102223,"endHours":13.800597977837356,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:48","end":"15:07","startHours":13.800597977837356,"endHours":15.122650131572492,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:07","end":"16:27","startHours":15.122650131572492,"endHours":16.444702285307628,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:27","end":"17:46","startHours":16.444702285307628,"endHours":17.76675443904276,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:46","end":"19:27","startHours":17.76675443904276,"endHours":19.444702285307624,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:27","end":"21:07","startHours":19.444702285307624,"endHours":21.12265013157249,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:07","end":"22:48","startHours":21.12265013157249,"endHours":22.800597977837356,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:48","end":"00:29","startHours":22.800597977837356,"endHours":24.47854582410222,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:29","end":"02:09","startHours":24.47854582410222,"endHours":26.156493670367087,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:09","end":"03:50","startHours":26.156493670367087,"endHours":27.83444151663195,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:50","end":"05:31","startHours":27.83444151663195,"endHours":29.51238936289682,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:31","end":"07:11","startHours":29.51238936289682,"endHours":31.190337209161683,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:11","end":"08:11","startHours":7.190337209161684,"endHours":8.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:11","end":"09:11","startHours":8.190337209161683,"endHours":9.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:11","end":"10:11","startHours":9.190337209161683,"endHours":10.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:11","end":"11:11","startHours":10.190337209161683,"endHours":11.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:11","end":"12:11","startHours":11.190337209161683,"endHours":12.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:11","end":"13:11","startHours":12.190337209161683,"endHours":13.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:11","end":"14:11","startHours":13.190337209161683,"endHours":14.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:11","end":"15:11","startHours":14.190337209161683,"endHours":15.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:11","end":"16:11","startHours":15.190337209161683,"endHours":16.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:11","end":"17:11","startHours":16.190337209161683,"endHours":17.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:11","end":"18:11","startHours":17.190337209161683,"endHours":18.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:11","end":"19:11","startHours":18.190337209161683,"endHours":19.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:11","end":"20:11","startHours":19.190337209161683,"endHours":20.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:11","end":"21:11","startHours":20.190337209161683,"endHours":21.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:11","end":"22:11","startHours":21.190337209161683,"endHours":22.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:11","end":"23:11","startHours":22.190337209161683,"endHours":23.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:11","end":"00:11","startHours":23.190337209161683,"endHours":24.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:11","end":"01:11","startHours":24.190337209161683,"endHours":25.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:11","end":"02:11","startHours":25.190337209161683,"endHours":26.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:11","end":"03:11","startHours":26.190337209161683,"endHours":27.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:11","end":"04:11","startHours":27.190337209161683,"endHours":28.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:11","end":"05:11","startHours":28.190337209161683,"endHours":29.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:11","end":"06:11","startHours":29.190337209161683,"endHours":30.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:11","end":"07:11","startHours":30.190337209161683,"endHours":31.190337209161683,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.23721962083632,"eotMinutes":-9.349949446133257,"ayanamsa":24.2447}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa) · Pongal / Thai Pongal · Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī is not live yet; Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 15, 2028 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 15, 2028 CE for Vṛndāvana: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:11, sūryāsta 17:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-01-15","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-01-15","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-01-15","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-01-15","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2028-01-15"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-22T01:45:43.922Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-22T01:45:43.922Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-22T01:45:43.922Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}