{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:2023-01-26:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2023-01-26","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-01-26","date_display":"January 26, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459970.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871505.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.5476,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":336.353,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8054,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8054},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":336.353,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.0197},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.9007},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459970.770833,"ahargana":1871505.2708,"kali_year":5124,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1753,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.630584,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":339.454084,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.0264},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":44.720484,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":256.754584,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":340.806884,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":304.2015839999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":301.055784,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":18.6444,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":198.6444,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459970.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871505.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.5476,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":336.353,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8054,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8054},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":336.353,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.0197},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.9007},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.026,"elongation":54.805},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.026,"opposition_distance":125.195}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:09","sunsetLocal":"17:55","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":10.768052292208033,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:18","moonsetLocal":"22:29","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:53","end":"15:13","startHours":13.877766294086515,"endHours":15.223772830612518,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:09","end":"08:30","startHours":7.147733611456494,"endHours":8.493740147982498,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:11","startHours":9.839746684508501,"endHours":11.185753221034506,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:01","startHours":9.660279146305035,"endHours":10.01921422271197,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:36","end":"07:53","startHours":7.596402456965162,"endHours":7.8835505180907095,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:10","end":"12:53","startHours":12.172824681153577,"endHours":12.890694833967446,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:43","end":"06:26","startHours":5.711993305828756,"endHours":6.429863458642625,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:15","end":"07:09","startHours":6.250395920439158,"endHours":7.147733611456494,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:03","startHours":14.326435139595183,"endHours":15.044305292409053,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:43","end":"18:07","startHours":17.71578590366453,"endHours":18.115785903664527,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:55","end":"18:22","startHours":17.915785903664528,"endHours":18.364454749173195,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:40","end":"19:25","startHours":17.665785903664528,"endHours":19.415785903664528,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:10","end":"00:53","startHours":24.17282468115358,"endHours":24.890694833967444,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:09","end":"08:30","startHours":7.147733611456494,"endHours":8.493740147982498,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:30","end":"09:50","startHours":8.493740147982498,"endHours":9.839746684508501,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:50","end":"11:11","startHours":9.839746684508501,"endHours":11.185753221034506,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:11","end":"12:32","startHours":11.185753221034506,"endHours":12.531759757560511,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:32","end":"13:53","startHours":12.531759757560511,"endHours":13.877766294086515,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:53","end":"15:13","startHours":13.877766294086515,"endHours":15.223772830612518,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:13","end":"16:34","startHours":15.223772830612518,"endHours":16.569779367138523,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:34","end":"17:55","startHours":16.569779367138523,"endHours":17.915785903664528,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:55","end":"19:34","startHours":17.915785903664528,"endHours":19.569779367138523,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:34","end":"21:13","startHours":19.569779367138523,"endHours":21.223772830612518,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:13","end":"22:53","startHours":21.223772830612518,"endHours":22.877766294086516,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:53","end":"00:32","startHours":22.877766294086516,"endHours":24.53175975756051,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:32","end":"02:11","startHours":24.53175975756051,"endHours":26.185753221034506,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:11","end":"03:50","startHours":26.185753221034506,"endHours":27.839746684508505,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:50","end":"05:30","startHours":27.839746684508505,"endHours":29.4937401479825,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:30","end":"07:09","startHours":29.4937401479825,"endHours":31.147733611456495,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.147733611456494,"endHours":8.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.147733611456495,"endHours":9.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.147733611456495,"endHours":10.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.147733611456495,"endHours":11.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.147733611456495,"endHours":12.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.147733611456495,"endHours":13.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.147733611456495,"endHours":14.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.147733611456495,"endHours":15.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.147733611456495,"endHours":16.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.147733611456495,"endHours":17.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.147733611456495,"endHours":18.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.147733611456495,"endHours":19.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.147733611456495,"endHours":20.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.147733611456495,"endHours":21.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.147733611456495,"endHours":22.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.147733611456495,"endHours":23.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.147733611456495,"endHours":24.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.147733611456495,"endHours":25.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.147733611456495,"endHours":26.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.147733611456495,"endHours":27.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.147733611456495,"endHours":28.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.147733611456495,"endHours":29.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.147733611456495,"endHours":30.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":30.147733611456495,"endHours":31.147733611456495,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.81796589150498,"eotMinutes":-12.542785453630707,"ayanamsa":24.1753}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"sarasvati-jayanti","name":"Sarasvatī Jayantī (Vasanta Pañchamī)","name_sanskrit":"सरस्वती जयन्ती / वसन्त पञ्चमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sarasvatī (Vāk-tattva)","significance":"Manifestation of Devī Sarasvatī; vidyā-ārambha day; vasanta-ṛtu begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Skanda Purāṇa","Devī Bhāgavata"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 26, 2023 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 26, 2023 CE for Vṛndāvana: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:09, sūryāsta 17:55.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2023-01-26","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2023-01-26","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2023-01-26","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2023-01-26","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2023-01-26"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T02:39:43.086Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T02:39:43.086Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T02:39:43.086Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}