{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:2009-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2009-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2009-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2009 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454891.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866426.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.7341,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.5131,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":48.779,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.779},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.5131,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5131},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.2471},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454891.770833,"ahargana":1866426.2708,"kali_year":5110,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.981,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.602039,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.514539000000013,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3975},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":294.8817389999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":294.17323899999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":289.15433899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":350.791039,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":144.811239,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":287.7543,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":107.7543,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454891.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866426.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.7341,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.5131,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":48.779,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.779},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.5131,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5131},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.2471},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.397,"elongation":48.779},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.397,"opposition_distance":131.221}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:45","sunsetLocal":"18:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":11.594248467090344,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 35 Mins 39 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 24 Mins 21 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:18","moonsetLocal":"22:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:53","end":"18:20","startHours":16.88794217777746,"endHours":18.33722323616375,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:32","end":"13:59","startHours":12.540099002618579,"endHours":13.989380061004873,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:26","end":"16:53","startHours":15.438661119391165,"endHours":16.88794217777746,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:27","end":"09:50","startHours":9.448299411394487,"endHours":9.8347743602975,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:14","end":"07:32","startHours":7.226068455202173,"endHours":7.535248414324582,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:56","startHours":12.153624053715568,"endHours":12.92657395152159,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:12","end":"05:58","startHours":5.197074973461362,"endHours":5.970024871267385,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:47","end":"06:45","startHours":5.776787396815879,"endHours":6.742974769073408,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:15","startHours":14.472473747133638,"endHours":15.24542364493966,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:08","end":"18:32","startHours":18.137223236163752,"endHours":18.53722323616375,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:20","end":"18:49","startHours":18.33722323616375,"endHours":18.820316922292516,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:05","end":"19:50","startHours":18.08722323616375,"endHours":19.83722323616375,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:56","startHours":24.153624053715568,"endHours":24.92657395152159,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:45","end":"08:12","startHours":6.742974769073408,"endHours":8.1922558274597,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:12","end":"09:38","startHours":8.1922558274597,"endHours":9.641536885845994,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:38","end":"11:05","startHours":9.641536885845994,"endHours":11.090817944232287,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:05","end":"12:32","startHours":11.090817944232287,"endHours":12.540099002618579,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:32","end":"13:59","startHours":12.540099002618579,"endHours":13.989380061004873,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:59","end":"15:26","startHours":13.989380061004873,"endHours":15.438661119391165,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:26","end":"16:53","startHours":15.438661119391165,"endHours":16.88794217777746,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:53","end":"18:20","startHours":16.88794217777746,"endHours":18.33722323616375,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:20","end":"19:53","startHours":18.33722323616375,"endHours":19.887942177777457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:53","end":"21:26","startHours":19.887942177777457,"endHours":21.438661119391167,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:26","end":"22:59","startHours":21.438661119391167,"endHours":22.989380061004873,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:59","end":"00:32","startHours":22.989380061004873,"endHours":24.54009900261858,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:32","end":"02:05","startHours":24.54009900261858,"endHours":26.090817944232285,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:05","end":"03:38","startHours":26.090817944232285,"endHours":27.641536885845994,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:38","end":"05:12","startHours":27.641536885845994,"endHours":29.1922558274597,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:12","end":"06:45","startHours":29.1922558274597,"endHours":30.742974769073406,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.742974769073408,"endHours":7.742974769073408,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.742974769073408,"endHours":8.742974769073408,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.742974769073408,"endHours":9.742974769073408,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.742974769073408,"endHours":10.742974769073408,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.742974769073408,"endHours":11.742974769073408,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.742974769073408,"endHours":12.742974769073408,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.742974769073408,"endHours":13.742974769073408,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.742974769073408,"endHours":14.742974769073408,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.742974769073408,"endHours":15.742974769073408,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.742974769073408,"endHours":16.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.742974769073406,"endHours":17.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.742974769073406,"endHours":18.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.742974769073406,"endHours":19.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.742974769073406,"endHours":20.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.742974769073406,"endHours":21.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.742974769073406,"endHours":22.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.742974769073406,"endHours":23.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.742974769073406,"endHours":24.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.742974769073406,"endHours":25.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.742974769073406,"endHours":26.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.742974769073406,"endHours":27.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.742974769073406,"endHours":28.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.742974769073406,"endHours":29.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":29.742974769073406,"endHours":30.742974769073406,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.598030198732779,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":23.981}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2066,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1931,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1416,"malayalam_era":1185,"nanakshahi_year":540,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2066 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1931 Virodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2009 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2009 CE for Vṛndāvana: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:45, sūryāsta 18:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2009-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2009-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2009-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2009-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2009-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T20:36:41.310Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T20:36:41.310Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T20:36:41.310Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}