{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:2003-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2003-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452698.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864233.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.2764,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":279.2662,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":323.9898,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9898},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":279.2662,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.5996},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":234.5427},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452698.770833,"ahargana":1864233.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8971,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.13442800000007,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":279.09592799999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.6991},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":242.96972800000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":297.900028,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":105.97362800000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":273.118928,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":58.154927999999984,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":43.95,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":223.95,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452698.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864233.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.2764,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":279.2662,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":323.9898,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9898},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":279.2662,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.5996},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":234.5427},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.699,"elongation":36.01},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.699,"opposition_distance":143.99}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:46","sunsetLocal":"18:19","solarNoonLocal":"12:33","dayLengthHours":11.552886481631921,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 33 Mins 10 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 26 Mins 50 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:48","moonsetLocal":"15:29","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:06","end":"12:33","startHours":11.098986836896467,"endHours":12.543097647100456,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:26","end":"16:53","startHours":15.431319267508437,"endHours":16.87543007771243,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:13","end":"09:39","startHours":8.210765216488486,"endHours":9.654876026692477,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:28","end":"09:51","startHours":9.462327918665277,"endHours":9.847424134719676,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:15","end":"07:33","startHours":7.248024676352493,"endHours":7.556101649196011,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:56","startHours":12.15800143104606,"endHours":12.928193863154856,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:14","end":"06:00","startHours":5.226269542066907,"endHours":5.996461974175702,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:48","end":"06:46","startHours":5.803913866148504,"endHours":6.766654406284497,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:14","startHours":14.468578727372444,"endHours":15.238771159481239,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:07","end":"18:31","startHours":18.11954088791642,"endHours":18.519540887916417,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:19","end":"18:48","startHours":18.319540887916418,"endHours":18.800911157984416,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:04","end":"19:49","startHours":18.069540887916418,"endHours":19.819540887916418,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:56","startHours":24.158001431046063,"endHours":24.928193863154856,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:46","end":"08:13","startHours":6.766654406284497,"endHours":8.210765216488486,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:13","end":"09:39","startHours":8.210765216488486,"endHours":9.654876026692477,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:39","end":"11:06","startHours":9.654876026692477,"endHours":11.098986836896467,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:06","end":"12:33","startHours":11.098986836896467,"endHours":12.543097647100456,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:33","end":"13:59","startHours":12.543097647100456,"endHours":13.987208457304448,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:59","end":"15:26","startHours":13.987208457304448,"endHours":15.431319267508437,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:26","end":"16:53","startHours":15.431319267508437,"endHours":16.87543007771243,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:53","end":"18:19","startHours":16.87543007771243,"endHours":18.319540887916418,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:19","end":"19:53","startHours":18.319540887916418,"endHours":19.875430077712426,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:53","end":"21:26","startHours":19.875430077712426,"endHours":21.43131926750844,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:26","end":"22:59","startHours":21.43131926750844,"endHours":22.987208457304448,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:59","end":"00:33","startHours":22.987208457304448,"endHours":24.543097647100456,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:33","end":"02:06","startHours":24.543097647100456,"endHours":26.098986836896465,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:06","end":"03:39","startHours":26.098986836896465,"endHours":27.654876026692477,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:39","end":"05:13","startHours":27.654876026692477,"endHours":29.210765216488486,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:13","end":"06:46","startHours":29.210765216488486,"endHours":30.766654406284495,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:46","end":"07:46","startHours":6.766654406284497,"endHours":7.766654406284497,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:46","end":"08:46","startHours":7.766654406284497,"endHours":8.766654406284497,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:46","end":"09:46","startHours":8.766654406284497,"endHours":9.766654406284497,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:46","end":"10:46","startHours":9.766654406284497,"endHours":10.766654406284497,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:46","end":"11:46","startHours":10.766654406284497,"endHours":11.766654406284497,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:46","end":"12:46","startHours":11.766654406284497,"endHours":12.766654406284497,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:46","end":"13:46","startHours":12.766654406284497,"endHours":13.766654406284497,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:46","end":"14:46","startHours":13.766654406284497,"endHours":14.766654406284497,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:46","end":"15:46","startHours":14.766654406284497,"endHours":15.766654406284497,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:46","end":"16:46","startHours":15.766654406284497,"endHours":16.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:46","end":"17:46","startHours":16.766654406284495,"endHours":17.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:46","end":"18:46","startHours":17.766654406284495,"endHours":18.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:46","end":"19:46","startHours":18.766654406284495,"endHours":19.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:46","end":"20:46","startHours":19.766654406284495,"endHours":20.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:46","end":"21:46","startHours":20.766654406284495,"endHours":21.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:46","end":"22:46","startHours":21.766654406284495,"endHours":22.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:46","end":"23:46","startHours":22.766654406284495,"endHours":23.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:46","end":"00:46","startHours":23.766654406284495,"endHours":24.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:46","end":"01:46","startHours":24.766654406284495,"endHours":25.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:46","end":"02:46","startHours":25.766654406284495,"endHours":26.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:46","end":"03:46","startHours":26.766654406284495,"endHours":27.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:46","end":"04:46","startHours":27.766654406284495,"endHours":28.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:46","end":"05:46","startHours":28.766654406284495,"endHours":29.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:46","end":"06:46","startHours":29.766654406284495,"endHours":30.766654406284495,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-8.182708688532763,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":23.8971}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 2003 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 2003 CE for Vṛndāvana: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:46, sūryāsta 18:19.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2003-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2003-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2003-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2003-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/2003-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T17:44:37.403Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T17:44:37.403Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T17:44:37.403Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}