{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:1997-12-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-12-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-12-21","date_display":"December 21, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":12,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450803.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862338.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":245.0529,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":146.6284,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":261.5755,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.5755},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":146.6284,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2951},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":31.6813},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":12,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450803.770833,"ahargana":1862338.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8247,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":245.38003100000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":146.077431,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.1782},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":278.35683100000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":236.78023099999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":296.215731,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":279.47553100000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":349.690931,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":144.3562,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":324.3562,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":12,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450803.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862338.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":245.0529,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":146.6284,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":261.5755,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.5755},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":146.6284,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2951},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":31.6813},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.178,"elongation":98.424},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.178,"opposition_distance":81.576}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"17:30","solarNoonLocal":"12:18","dayLengthHours":10.396272750997838,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 23 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 36 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:30","moonsetLocal":"11:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:12","end":"17:30","startHours":16.198271791508486,"endHours":17.497805885383215,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:18","end":"13:36","startHours":12.299669509884296,"endHours":13.599203603759026,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:54","end":"16:12","startHours":14.898737697633756,"endHours":16.198271791508486,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:32","end":"09:52","startHours":9.527330109618207,"endHours":9.873872534651468,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:49","startHours":7.5347111656769545,"endHours":7.811945105703564,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:57","end":"12:39","startHours":11.953127084851035,"endHours":12.646211934917558,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:43","end":"06:25","startHours":5.715363434252334,"endHours":6.4084482843188555,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:14","end":"07:06","startHours":6.235177071802225,"endHours":7.101533134385378,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:02","end":"14:44","startHours":14.032381635050605,"endHours":14.725466485117128,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:18","end":"17:42","startHours":17.297805885383216,"endHours":17.697805885383215,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:30","end":"17:56","startHours":17.497805885383215,"endHours":17.93098391667479,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"19:00","startHours":17.247805885383215,"endHours":18.997805885383215,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:57","end":"00:39","startHours":23.953127084851037,"endHours":24.646211934917556,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:06","end":"08:24","startHours":7.101533134385378,"endHours":8.401067228260107,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:24","end":"09:42","startHours":8.401067228260107,"endHours":9.700601322134837,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:42","end":"11:00","startHours":9.700601322134837,"endHours":11.000135416009567,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:00","end":"12:18","startHours":11.000135416009567,"endHours":12.299669509884296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:18","end":"13:36","startHours":12.299669509884296,"endHours":13.599203603759026,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:36","end":"14:54","startHours":13.599203603759026,"endHours":14.898737697633756,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:54","end":"16:12","startHours":14.898737697633756,"endHours":16.198271791508486,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:12","end":"17:30","startHours":16.198271791508486,"endHours":17.497805885383215,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:30","end":"19:12","startHours":17.497805885383215,"endHours":19.198271791508486,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:12","end":"20:54","startHours":19.198271791508486,"endHours":20.898737697633756,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:54","end":"22:36","startHours":20.898737697633756,"endHours":22.599203603759026,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:36","end":"00:18","startHours":22.599203603759026,"endHours":24.299669509884296,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:18","end":"02:00","startHours":24.299669509884296,"endHours":26.000135416009567,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:00","end":"03:42","startHours":26.000135416009567,"endHours":27.700601322134837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:42","end":"05:24","startHours":27.700601322134837,"endHours":29.401067228260107,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:24","end":"07:06","startHours":29.401067228260107,"endHours":31.101533134385377,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.101533134385378,"endHours":8.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.101533134385377,"endHours":9.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.101533134385377,"endHours":10.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.101533134385377,"endHours":11.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.101533134385377,"endHours":12.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.101533134385377,"endHours":13.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.101533134385377,"endHours":14.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.101533134385377,"endHours":15.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.101533134385377,"endHours":16.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.101533134385377,"endHours":17.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.101533134385377,"endHours":18.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.101533134385377,"endHours":19.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.101533134385377,"endHours":20.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.101533134385377,"endHours":21.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.101533134385377,"endHours":22.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.101533134385377,"endHours":23.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.101533134385377,"endHours":24.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.101533134385377,"endHours":25.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.101533134385377,"endHours":26.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.101533134385377,"endHours":27.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.101533134385377,"endHours":28.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.101533134385377,"endHours":29.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.101533134385377,"endHours":30.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.101533134385377,"endHours":31.101533134385377,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.434107517001095,"eotMinutes":1.382629406942221,"ayanamsa":23.8247}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 21, 1997 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 21, 1997 CE for Vṛndāvana: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 17:30.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-12-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-12-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-12-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-12-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-12-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T02:17:14.974Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T02:17:14.974Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T02:17:14.974Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}