{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:1997-09-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-09-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-09-16","date_display":"September 16, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450707.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862242.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":148.6758,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":318.537,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":169.8612,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.8612},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":318.537,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8703},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":107.2128},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450707.770833,"ahargana":1862242.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.821,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":149.399699,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":318.72439899999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.8505},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":207.34349899999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":131.660099,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":289.07669899999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":190.817499,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":354.838999,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":149.4428,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":329.4428,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450707.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862242.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":148.6758,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":318.537,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":169.8612,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.8612},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":318.537,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8703},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":107.2128},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.851,"elongation":169.861},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.851,"opposition_distance":10.139}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-14,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.043,"elongation":1.659}]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:04","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:13","dayLengthHours":12.312948511857421,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 18 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 41 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:43","moonsetLocal":"05:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:18","end":"16:51","startHours":15.303145277452211,"endHours":16.842263841434388,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:09","end":"10:41","startHours":9.1466710215235,"endHours":10.685789585505677,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:13","end":"13:46","startHours":12.224908149487856,"endHours":13.764026713470034,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:56","end":"09:21","startHours":8.941455212992544,"endHours":9.351886830054458,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:35","end":"06:55","startHours":6.581473414886538,"endHours":6.909818708536069,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:49","end":"12:38","startHours":11.814476532425942,"endHours":12.63533976654977,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:26","end":"05:15","startHours":4.4267074253114895,"endHours":5.2475706594353175,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:03","end":"06:04","startHours":5.04235485090436,"endHours":6.0684338935591455,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:17","end":"15:06","startHours":14.277066234797427,"endHours":15.097929468921256,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.181382405416567,"endHours":18.581382405416566,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:54","startHours":18.381382405416566,"endHours":18.89442192674396,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.131382405416566,"endHours":19.881382405416566,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:49","end":"00:38","startHours":23.814476532425942,"endHours":24.63533976654977,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:04","end":"07:36","startHours":6.0684338935591455,"endHours":7.607552457541323,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:36","end":"09:09","startHours":7.607552457541323,"endHours":9.1466710215235,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:09","end":"10:41","startHours":9.1466710215235,"endHours":10.685789585505677,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:41","end":"12:13","startHours":10.685789585505677,"endHours":12.224908149487856,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:13","end":"13:46","startHours":12.224908149487856,"endHours":13.764026713470034,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:46","end":"15:18","startHours":13.764026713470034,"endHours":15.303145277452211,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:18","end":"16:51","startHours":15.303145277452211,"endHours":16.842263841434388,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:51","end":"18:23","startHours":16.842263841434388,"endHours":18.381382405416566,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:23","end":"19:51","startHours":18.381382405416566,"endHours":19.842263841434388,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:51","end":"21:18","startHours":19.842263841434388,"endHours":21.30314527745221,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:18","end":"22:46","startHours":21.30314527745221,"endHours":22.764026713470034,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:46","end":"00:13","startHours":22.764026713470034,"endHours":24.224908149487856,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:13","end":"01:41","startHours":24.224908149487856,"endHours":25.685789585505677,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:41","end":"03:09","startHours":25.685789585505677,"endHours":27.146671021523503,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:09","end":"04:36","startHours":27.146671021523503,"endHours":28.607552457541324,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:36","end":"06:04","startHours":28.607552457541324,"endHours":30.068433893559146,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":6.0684338935591455,"endHours":7.0684338935591455,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.0684338935591455,"endHours":8.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.068433893559146,"endHours":9.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.068433893559146,"endHours":10.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.068433893559146,"endHours":11.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.068433893559146,"endHours":12.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.068433893559146,"endHours":13.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.068433893559146,"endHours":14.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.068433893559146,"endHours":15.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.068433893559146,"endHours":16.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.068433893559146,"endHours":17.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.068433893559146,"endHours":18.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.068433893559146,"endHours":19.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.068433893559146,"endHours":20.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.068433893559146,"endHours":21.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.068433893559146,"endHours":22.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.068433893559146,"endHours":23.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.068433893559146,"endHours":24.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.068433893559146,"endHours":25.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.068433893559146,"endHours":26.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.068433893559146,"endHours":27.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.068433893559146,"endHours":28.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.068433893559146,"endHours":29.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":29.068433893559146,"endHours":30.068433893559146,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":2.6910503297348196,"eotMinutes":5.868311030728706,"ayanamsa":23.821}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 16, 1997 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 16, 1997 CE for Vṛndāvana: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 06:04, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-09-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-09-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-09-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-09-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1997-09-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T21:47:22.326Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T21:47:22.326Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T21:47:22.326Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}