{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:1971-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1971-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1971-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 1971 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440967.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852502.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7596,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":144.5836,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":232.824,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.824},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":144.5836,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.2503},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":56.3432},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440967.770833,"ahargana":1852502.2708,"kali_year":5072,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4485,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.79573800000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":141.347438,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.4688},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":212.50593800000001,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":248.30593799999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":217.615138,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":225.34623799999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":22.673437999999976,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":305.5148,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":125.5148,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440967.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852502.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7596,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":144.5836,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":232.824,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.824},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":144.5836,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.2503},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":56.3432},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.469,"elongation":127.176},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.469,"opposition_distance":52.824}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:11","sunsetLocal":"17:47","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":10.588692947464798,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 35 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 24 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:32","moonsetLocal":"10:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.837088455496762,"endHours":11.16067507392986,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:48","end":"15:08","startHours":13.80784831079606,"endHours":15.13143492922916,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:11","end":"08:31","startHours":7.189915218630562,"endHours":8.51350183706366,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:01","startHours":9.660610239705681,"endHours":10.01356667128784,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:38","end":"07:55","startHours":7.631110758108262,"endHours":7.91347590337399,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:50","startHours":12.131305260780803,"endHours":12.83721812394512,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:47","end":"06:29","startHours":5.7780894923019215,"endHours":6.484002355466242,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:18","end":"07:11","startHours":6.307524139675162,"endHours":7.189915218630562,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:15","end":"14:57","startHours":14.249043850273761,"endHours":14.954956713438081,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:35","end":"17:59","startHours":17.57860816609536,"endHours":17.97860816609536,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:47","end":"18:13","startHours":17.77860816609536,"endHours":18.21980370557306,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:32","end":"19:17","startHours":17.52860816609536,"endHours":19.27860816609536,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:50","startHours":24.131305260780803,"endHours":24.837218123945124,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:11","end":"08:31","startHours":7.189915218630562,"endHours":8.51350183706366,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:31","end":"09:50","startHours":8.51350183706366,"endHours":9.837088455496762,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:50","end":"11:10","startHours":9.837088455496762,"endHours":11.16067507392986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:10","end":"12:29","startHours":11.16067507392986,"endHours":12.48426169236296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:29","end":"13:48","startHours":12.48426169236296,"endHours":13.80784831079606,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:48","end":"15:08","startHours":13.80784831079606,"endHours":15.13143492922916,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:08","end":"16:27","startHours":15.13143492922916,"endHours":16.455021547662263,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:27","end":"17:47","startHours":16.455021547662263,"endHours":17.77860816609536,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:47","end":"19:27","startHours":17.77860816609536,"endHours":19.45502154766226,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:27","end":"21:08","startHours":19.45502154766226,"endHours":21.13143492922916,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:08","end":"22:48","startHours":21.13143492922916,"endHours":22.80784831079606,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:48","end":"00:29","startHours":22.80784831079606,"endHours":24.48426169236296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:29","end":"02:10","startHours":24.48426169236296,"endHours":26.16067507392986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:10","end":"03:50","startHours":26.16067507392986,"endHours":27.83708845549676,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:50","end":"05:31","startHours":27.83708845549676,"endHours":29.51350183706366,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:31","end":"07:11","startHours":29.51350183706366,"endHours":31.18991521863056,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:11","end":"08:11","startHours":7.189915218630562,"endHours":8.189915218630562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:11","end":"09:11","startHours":8.189915218630562,"endHours":9.189915218630562,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:11","end":"10:11","startHours":9.189915218630562,"endHours":10.189915218630562,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:11","end":"11:11","startHours":10.189915218630562,"endHours":11.189915218630562,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:11","end":"12:11","startHours":11.189915218630562,"endHours":12.189915218630562,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:11","end":"13:11","startHours":12.189915218630562,"endHours":13.189915218630562,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:11","end":"14:11","startHours":13.189915218630562,"endHours":14.189915218630562,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:11","end":"15:11","startHours":14.189915218630562,"endHours":15.189915218630562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:11","end":"16:11","startHours":15.189915218630562,"endHours":16.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:11","end":"17:11","startHours":16.18991521863056,"endHours":17.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:11","end":"18:11","startHours":17.18991521863056,"endHours":18.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:11","end":"19:11","startHours":18.18991521863056,"endHours":19.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:11","end":"20:11","startHours":19.18991521863056,"endHours":20.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:11","end":"21:11","startHours":20.18991521863056,"endHours":21.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:11","end":"22:11","startHours":21.18991521863056,"endHours":22.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:11","end":"23:11","startHours":22.18991521863056,"endHours":23.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:11","end":"00:11","startHours":23.18991521863056,"endHours":24.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:11","end":"01:11","startHours":24.18991521863056,"endHours":25.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:11","end":"02:11","startHours":25.18991521863056,"endHours":26.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:11","end":"03:11","startHours":26.18991521863056,"endHours":27.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:11","end":"04:11","startHours":27.18991521863056,"endHours":28.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:11","end":"05:11","startHours":28.18991521863056,"endHours":29.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:11","end":"06:11","startHours":29.18991521863056,"endHours":30.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:11","end":"07:11","startHours":30.18991521863056,"endHours":31.18991521863056,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.08473485071671,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":23.4485}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2028,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1893,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1378,"malayalam_era":1147,"nanakshahi_year":502,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2028 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1893 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 1971 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 1971 CE for Vṛndāvana: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:11, sūryāsta 17:47.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1971-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1971-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1971-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1971-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1971-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:27:21.798Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:27:21.798Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T20:27:21.798Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}