{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:1940-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1940-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1940-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 1940 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1940,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429841.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841376.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.2553,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":56.0969,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":311.8417,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.8417},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":56.0969,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.7636},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":160.3522},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1940,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429841.770833,"ahargana":1841376.2708,"kali_year":5042,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0229,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.646433,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":55.65613300000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.9376},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":115.36173299999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":92.48923300000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":21.31503299999997,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":67.20523300000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":21.51993299999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":175.0238,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":355.0238,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1940,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429841.770833,"kali_year":5042,"ahargana":1841376.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.2553,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":56.0969,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":311.8417,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.8417},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":56.0969,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.7636},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":160.3522},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.938,"elongation":48.158},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.938,"opposition_distance":131.842}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:42","sunsetLocal":"19:09","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":13.46367678626872,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 27 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 32 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:15","moonsetLocal":"16:03","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:25","end":"14:06","startHours":12.42390290853918,"endHours":14.106862506822768,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:23","end":"09:03","startHours":7.375024113688409,"endHours":9.057983711972,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:25","startHours":10.740943310255588,"endHours":12.42390290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:50","end":"09:17","startHours":8.83358909886752,"endHours":9.282378325076477,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:15","end":"06:37","startHours":6.253051048166015,"endHours":6.6120824291331814,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:52","startHours":11.975113682330223,"endHours":12.872692134748137,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:54","end":"04:48","startHours":3.8969076105689893,"endHours":4.794486062986904,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:34","end":"05:42","startHours":4.570091449882425,"endHours":5.692064515404819,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:34","startHours":14.667849039583967,"endHours":15.56542749200188,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:57","end":"19:21","startHours":18.95574130167354,"endHours":19.35574130167354,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:09","end":"19:43","startHours":19.15574130167354,"endHours":19.716727834434735,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:54","end":"20:39","startHours":18.90574130167354,"endHours":20.65574130167354,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:59","end":"00:52","startHours":23.97511368233022,"endHours":24.87269213474814,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:42","end":"07:23","startHours":5.692064515404819,"endHours":7.375024113688409,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:23","end":"09:03","startHours":7.375024113688409,"endHours":9.057983711972,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:03","end":"10:44","startHours":9.057983711972,"endHours":10.740943310255588,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:44","end":"12:25","startHours":10.740943310255588,"endHours":12.42390290853918,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:25","end":"14:06","startHours":12.42390290853918,"endHours":14.106862506822768,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:06","end":"15:47","startHours":14.106862506822768,"endHours":15.78982210510636,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:47","end":"17:28","startHours":15.78982210510636,"endHours":17.47278170338995,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:28","end":"19:09","startHours":17.47278170338995,"endHours":19.15574130167354,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:09","end":"20:28","startHours":19.15574130167354,"endHours":20.47278170338995,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:28","end":"21:47","startHours":20.47278170338995,"endHours":21.78982210510636,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:47","end":"23:06","startHours":21.78982210510636,"endHours":23.10686250682277,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:06","end":"00:25","startHours":23.10686250682277,"endHours":24.42390290853918,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:25","end":"01:44","startHours":24.42390290853918,"endHours":25.740943310255588,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:44","end":"03:03","startHours":25.740943310255588,"endHours":27.057983711972,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:03","end":"04:23","startHours":27.057983711972,"endHours":28.37502411368841,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:23","end":"05:42","startHours":28.37502411368841,"endHours":29.69206451540482,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:42","end":"06:42","startHours":5.692064515404819,"endHours":6.692064515404819,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:42","end":"07:42","startHours":6.692064515404819,"endHours":7.692064515404819,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:42","end":"08:42","startHours":7.692064515404819,"endHours":8.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:42","end":"09:42","startHours":8.69206451540482,"endHours":9.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:42","end":"10:42","startHours":9.69206451540482,"endHours":10.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:42","end":"11:42","startHours":10.69206451540482,"endHours":11.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:42","end":"12:42","startHours":11.69206451540482,"endHours":12.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:42","end":"13:42","startHours":12.69206451540482,"endHours":13.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:42","end":"14:42","startHours":13.69206451540482,"endHours":14.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:42","end":"15:42","startHours":14.69206451540482,"endHours":15.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:42","end":"16:42","startHours":15.69206451540482,"endHours":16.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:42","end":"17:42","startHours":16.69206451540482,"endHours":17.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:42","end":"18:42","startHours":17.69206451540482,"endHours":18.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:42","end":"19:42","startHours":18.69206451540482,"endHours":19.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:42","end":"20:42","startHours":19.69206451540482,"endHours":20.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:42","end":"21:42","startHours":20.69206451540482,"endHours":21.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:42","end":"22:42","startHours":21.69206451540482,"endHours":22.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:42","end":"23:42","startHours":22.69206451540482,"endHours":23.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:42","end":"00:42","startHours":23.69206451540482,"endHours":24.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:42","end":"01:42","startHours":24.69206451540482,"endHours":25.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:42","end":"02:42","startHours":25.69206451540482,"endHours":26.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:42","end":"03:42","startHours":26.69206451540482,"endHours":27.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:42","end":"04:42","startHours":27.69206451540482,"endHours":28.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:42","end":"05:42","startHours":28.69206451540482,"endHours":29.69206451540482,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.350274964747673,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":23.0229}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1997,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vijaya","saka_samvat":1862,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikrama","bengali_samvat":1347,"malayalam_era":1116,"nanakshahi_year":471,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 1997 Vijaya · Śaka 1862 Vikrama"},"festivals":[{"id":"aja-ekadashi","name":"Ajā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"अजा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"King Hariścandra observed this; restored him to throne and family.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 1940 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 1940 CE for Vṛndāvana: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:42, sūryāsta 19:09.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1940-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1940-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1940-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1940-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1940-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:27:08.716Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:27:08.716Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T18:27:08.716Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}