{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:1908-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1908-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417941.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829476.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.6548,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":218.45,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":321.7952,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7952},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":218.45,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.1166},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":115.1047},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417941.770833,"ahargana":1829476.2708,"kali_year":5009,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5678,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.67040099999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":217.11080100000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.2945},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":331.579301,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":250.10390099999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":110.61290099999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":284.5382010000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":330.527701,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":85.5431,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":265.5431,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417941.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829476.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.6548,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":218.45,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":321.7952,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7952},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":218.45,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.1166},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":115.1047},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.295,"elongation":38.205},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.295,"opposition_distance":141.795}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":3,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.366,"elongation":0.969}]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:10","sunsetLocal":"17:36","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":10.422861525738533,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 25 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 34 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:26","moonsetLocal":"15:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:23","end":"13:41","startHours":12.384466305389935,"endHours":13.687323996107253,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:29","end":"09:47","startHours":8.475893233237986,"endHours":9.778750923955302,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:05","end":"12:23","startHours":11.081608614672618,"endHours":12.384466305389935,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:36","end":"09:57","startHours":9.605036565192993,"endHours":9.952465282717611,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:36","end":"07:53","startHours":7.607321439426441,"endHours":7.885264413446135,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:02","end":"12:44","startHours":12.037037587865317,"endHours":12.731895022914554,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:47","end":"06:29","startHours":5.783320672422198,"endHours":6.478178107471433,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:18","end":"07:10","startHours":6.304463748709124,"endHours":7.173035542520669,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:49","startHours":14.121609893013023,"endHours":14.816467328062258,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:24","end":"17:48","startHours":17.395897068259202,"endHours":17.7958970682592,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:36","end":"18:02","startHours":17.5958970682592,"endHours":18.030182965164975,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:21","end":"19:06","startHours":17.3458970682592,"endHours":19.0958970682592,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:02","end":"00:44","startHours":24.037037587865317,"endHours":24.731895022914554,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:10","end":"08:29","startHours":7.173035542520669,"endHours":8.475893233237986,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:29","end":"09:47","startHours":8.475893233237986,"endHours":9.778750923955302,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:47","end":"11:05","startHours":9.778750923955302,"endHours":11.081608614672618,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:05","end":"12:23","startHours":11.081608614672618,"endHours":12.384466305389935,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:23","end":"13:41","startHours":12.384466305389935,"endHours":13.687323996107253,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:41","end":"14:59","startHours":13.687323996107253,"endHours":14.990181686824569,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:59","end":"16:18","startHours":14.990181686824569,"endHours":16.293039377541884,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:18","end":"17:36","startHours":16.293039377541884,"endHours":17.5958970682592,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:36","end":"19:18","startHours":17.5958970682592,"endHours":19.293039377541884,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:18","end":"20:59","startHours":19.293039377541884,"endHours":20.99018168682457,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:59","end":"22:41","startHours":20.99018168682457,"endHours":22.687323996107253,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:41","end":"00:23","startHours":22.687323996107253,"endHours":24.384466305389935,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:23","end":"02:05","startHours":24.384466305389935,"endHours":26.081608614672618,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:05","end":"03:47","startHours":26.081608614672618,"endHours":27.7787509239553,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:47","end":"05:29","startHours":27.7787509239553,"endHours":29.475893233237986,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:29","end":"07:10","startHours":29.475893233237986,"endHours":31.17303554252067,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.173035542520669,"endHours":8.173035542520669,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.173035542520669,"endHours":9.173035542520669,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.173035542520669,"endHours":10.173035542520669,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.173035542520669,"endHours":11.173035542520669,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.173035542520669,"endHours":12.173035542520669,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.173035542520669,"endHours":13.173035542520669,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.173035542520669,"endHours":14.173035542520669,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.173035542520669,"endHours":15.173035542520669,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.173035542520669,"endHours":16.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.17303554252067,"endHours":17.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.17303554252067,"endHours":18.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.17303554252067,"endHours":19.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.17303554252067,"endHours":20.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.17303554252067,"endHours":21.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.17303554252067,"endHours":22.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.17303554252067,"endHours":23.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.17303554252067,"endHours":24.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.17303554252067,"endHours":25.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.17303554252067,"endHours":26.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.17303554252067,"endHours":27.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.17303554252067,"endHours":28.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.17303554252067,"endHours":29.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.17303554252067,"endHours":30.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":30.17303554252067,"endHours":31.17303554252067,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.114734587767806,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":22.5678}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 1908 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 1908 CE for Vṛndāvana: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:10, sūryāsta 17:36.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1908-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1908-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1908-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1908-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1908-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T05:31:48.306Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T05:31:48.306Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-26T05:31:48.306Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}