{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:1897-12-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-12-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1897-12-28","date_display":"December 28, 1897 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1897,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414286.770833,"kali_year":4999,"ahargana":1825821.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.1745,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":309.0514,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8768,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8768},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":309.0514,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.3847},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.2259},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1897,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414286.770833,"ahargana":1825821.2708,"kali_year":4999,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.428,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.18854899999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":310.97444900000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.238},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":245.18264900000008,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":272.87154899999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":167.46864900000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":243.64964899999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.71114899999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":279.2026,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":99.2026,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1897,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414286.770833,"kali_year":4999,"ahargana":1825821.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.1745,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":309.0514,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":54.8768,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.8768},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":309.0514,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.3847},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":203.2259},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.238,"elongation":54.877},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.238,"opposition_distance":125.123}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":11,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.988,"opposition_distance":0.446}]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:09","sunsetLocal":"17:34","solarNoonLocal":"12:21","dayLengthHours":10.409855294779334,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 24 Mins 35 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 35 Mins 25 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:27","moonsetLocal":"21:49","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:57","end":"16:15","startHours":14.956628898099623,"endHours":16.25786080994704,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:45","end":"11:03","startHours":9.751701250709957,"endHours":11.052933162557373,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:21","end":"13:39","startHours":12.35416507440479,"endHours":13.655396986252207,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:35","end":"09:56","startHours":9.578203662463636,"endHours":9.92519883895628,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:35","end":"07:52","startHours":7.582981397630929,"endHours":7.860577538825045,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:42","startHours":12.007169897912146,"endHours":12.701160250897434,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:46","end":"06:27","startHours":5.761256721044546,"endHours":6.455247074029835,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:17","end":"07:09","startHours":6.2817494857835126,"endHours":7.149237427015124,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:05","end":"14:47","startHours":14.089140956868013,"endHours":14.783131309853301,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:22","end":"17:46","startHours":17.359092721794458,"endHours":17.759092721794456,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:34","end":"18:00","startHours":17.559092721794457,"endHours":17.99283669241026,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:19","end":"19:04","startHours":17.309092721794457,"endHours":19.059092721794457,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:42","startHours":24.007169897912146,"endHours":24.701160250897434,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:09","end":"08:27","startHours":7.149237427015124,"endHours":8.45046933886254,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:27","end":"09:45","startHours":8.45046933886254,"endHours":9.751701250709957,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:45","end":"11:03","startHours":9.751701250709957,"endHours":11.052933162557373,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:03","end":"12:21","startHours":11.052933162557373,"endHours":12.35416507440479,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:21","end":"13:39","startHours":12.35416507440479,"endHours":13.655396986252207,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:39","end":"14:57","startHours":13.655396986252207,"endHours":14.956628898099623,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:57","end":"16:15","startHours":14.956628898099623,"endHours":16.25786080994704,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:15","end":"17:34","startHours":16.25786080994704,"endHours":17.559092721794457,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:34","end":"19:15","startHours":17.559092721794457,"endHours":19.25786080994704,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:15","end":"20:57","startHours":19.25786080994704,"endHours":20.956628898099623,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:57","end":"22:39","startHours":20.956628898099623,"endHours":22.655396986252207,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:39","end":"00:21","startHours":22.655396986252207,"endHours":24.35416507440479,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:21","end":"02:03","startHours":24.35416507440479,"endHours":26.052933162557373,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:03","end":"03:45","startHours":26.052933162557373,"endHours":27.751701250709957,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:45","end":"05:27","startHours":27.751701250709957,"endHours":29.45046933886254,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:27","end":"07:09","startHours":29.45046933886254,"endHours":31.149237427015123,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.149237427015124,"endHours":8.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.149237427015123,"endHours":9.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.149237427015123,"endHours":10.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.149237427015123,"endHours":11.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.149237427015123,"endHours":12.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.149237427015123,"endHours":13.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.149237427015123,"endHours":14.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.149237427015123,"endHours":15.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.149237427015123,"endHours":16.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.149237427015123,"endHours":17.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.149237427015123,"endHours":18.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.149237427015123,"endHours":19.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.149237427015123,"endHours":20.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.149237427015123,"endHours":21.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.149237427015123,"endHours":22.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.149237427015123,"endHours":23.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.149237427015123,"endHours":24.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.149237427015123,"endHours":25.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.149237427015123,"endHours":26.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.149237427015123,"endHours":27.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.149237427015123,"endHours":28.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.149237427015123,"endHours":29.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.149237427015123,"endHours":30.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":30.149237427015123,"endHours":31.149237427015123,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.271174021672266,"eotMinutes":-1.8871044642874448,"ayanamsa":22.428}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1954,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1819,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1304,"malayalam_era":1073,"nanakshahi_year":428,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 1954 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1819 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 28, 1897 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 28, 1897 CE for Vṛndāvana: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:09, sūryāsta 17:34.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-12-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-12-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-12-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-12-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-12-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:36:05.158Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:36:05.158Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T08:36:05.158Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}