{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vrindavan:1897-03-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-03-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1897-03-31","date_display":"March 31, 1897 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1897,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414014.770833,"kali_year":4998,"ahargana":1825549.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.5765,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":324.5608,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":335.9843,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9843},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":324.5608,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5608},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":313.1374},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":55,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1897,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414014.770833,"ahargana":1825549.2708,"kali_year":4998,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4176,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.172741,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":324.14154099999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.3123},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":73.31184100000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":347.275641,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":129.42154100000005,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":25.019840999999985,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":219.084341,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":293.6145,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":113.6145,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1897,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414014.770833,"kali_year":4998,"ahargana":1825549.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.5765,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":324.5608,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":335.9843,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9843},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":324.5608,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5608},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":313.1374},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":55,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.312,"elongation":24.016},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.312,"opposition_distance":155.984}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vrindavan","name":"Vṛndāvana","lat":27.565,"lon":77.6593,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:11","sunsetLocal":"18:37","solarNoonLocal":"12:24","dayLengthHours":12.418113644040744,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 25 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 34 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:56","moonsetLocal":"16:39","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:24","end":"13:57","startHours":12.400408356934776,"endHours":13.952672562439869,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:45","end":"09:18","startHours":7.7436157404194965,"endHours":9.29587994592459,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:51","end":"12:24","startHours":10.848144151429683,"endHours":12.400408356934776,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:30","startHours":9.088911385190578,"endHours":9.502848506658601,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:43","end":"07:02","startHours":6.708772936749434,"endHours":7.0399226339238545,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:49","startHours":11.98647123546675,"endHours":12.814345478402801,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:32","end":"05:22","startHours":4.5356030490423045,"endHours":5.363477291978354,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:09","end":"06:11","startHours":5.156508731244341,"endHours":6.1913515349144035,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:18","startHours":14.4700939642749,"endHours":15.29796820721095,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:25","end":"18:49","startHours":18.40946517895515,"endHours":18.809465178955147,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:37","end":"19:08","startHours":18.609465178955148,"endHours":19.126886580790178,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:22","end":"20:07","startHours":18.359465178955148,"endHours":20.109465178955148,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:59","end":"00:49","startHours":23.98647123546675,"endHours":24.8143454784028,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:11","end":"07:45","startHours":6.1913515349144035,"endHours":7.7436157404194965,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:45","end":"09:18","startHours":7.7436157404194965,"endHours":9.29587994592459,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:18","end":"10:51","startHours":9.29587994592459,"endHours":10.848144151429683,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:51","end":"12:24","startHours":10.848144151429683,"endHours":12.400408356934776,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:24","end":"13:57","startHours":12.400408356934776,"endHours":13.952672562439869,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:57","end":"15:30","startHours":13.952672562439869,"endHours":15.504936767944962,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:30","end":"17:03","startHours":15.504936767944962,"endHours":17.057200973450055,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:03","end":"18:37","startHours":17.057200973450055,"endHours":18.609465178955148,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:37","end":"20:03","startHours":18.609465178955148,"endHours":20.057200973450055,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:03","end":"21:30","startHours":20.057200973450055,"endHours":21.50493676794496,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:30","end":"22:57","startHours":21.50493676794496,"endHours":22.95267256243987,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:57","end":"00:24","startHours":22.95267256243987,"endHours":24.400408356934776,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:24","end":"01:51","startHours":24.400408356934776,"endHours":25.848144151429683,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:51","end":"03:18","startHours":25.848144151429683,"endHours":27.29587994592459,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:18","end":"04:45","startHours":27.29587994592459,"endHours":28.743615740419497,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:45","end":"06:11","startHours":28.743615740419497,"endHours":30.191351534914403,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:11","end":"07:11","startHours":6.1913515349144035,"endHours":7.1913515349144035,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:11","end":"08:11","startHours":7.1913515349144035,"endHours":8.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:11","end":"09:11","startHours":8.191351534914403,"endHours":9.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:11","end":"10:11","startHours":9.191351534914403,"endHours":10.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:11","end":"11:11","startHours":10.191351534914403,"endHours":11.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:11","end":"12:11","startHours":11.191351534914403,"endHours":12.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:11","end":"13:11","startHours":12.191351534914403,"endHours":13.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:11","end":"14:11","startHours":13.191351534914403,"endHours":14.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:11","end":"15:11","startHours":14.191351534914403,"endHours":15.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:11","end":"16:11","startHours":15.191351534914403,"endHours":16.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:11","end":"17:11","startHours":16.191351534914403,"endHours":17.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:11","end":"18:11","startHours":17.191351534914403,"endHours":18.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:11","end":"19:11","startHours":18.191351534914403,"endHours":19.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:11","end":"20:11","startHours":19.191351534914403,"endHours":20.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:11","end":"21:11","startHours":20.191351534914403,"endHours":21.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:11","end":"22:11","startHours":21.191351534914403,"endHours":22.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:11","end":"23:11","startHours":22.191351534914403,"endHours":23.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:11","end":"00:11","startHours":23.191351534914403,"endHours":24.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:11","end":"01:11","startHours":24.191351534914403,"endHours":25.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:11","end":"02:11","startHours":25.191351534914403,"endHours":26.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:11","end":"03:11","startHours":26.191351534914403,"endHours":27.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:11","end":"04:11","startHours":27.191351534914403,"endHours":28.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:11","end":"05:11","startHours":28.191351534914403,"endHours":29.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:11","end":"06:11","startHours":29.191351534914403,"endHours":30.191351534914403,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":4.191917918745499,"eotMinutes":-4.661701416086492,"ayanamsa":22.4176}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1954,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1819,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1304,"malayalam_era":1073,"nanakshahi_year":428,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram 1954 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1819 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vrindavan"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 31, 1897 CE · Vṛndāvana · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 31, 1897 CE for Vṛndāvana: Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:11, sūryāsta 18:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-03-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-03-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-03-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-03-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vrindavan/1897-03-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T08:56:56.378Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T08:56:56.378Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T08:56:56.378Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}