{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vellore:2019-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2019-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2019-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 2019 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458542.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870077.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.1353,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":239.9377,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.8024,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8024},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":239.9377,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.271},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":195.0729},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2019,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458542.770833,"ahargana":1870077.2708,"kali_year":5120,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1206,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.03054399999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":242.90514399999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.5386},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":14.796144000000027,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":332.78874399999995,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":237.61084400000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":273.65514399999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":263.44364399999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":94.3067,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":274.3067,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458542.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870077.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.1353,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":239.9377,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.8024,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8024},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":239.9377,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.271},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":195.0729},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.539,"elongation":75.198},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.539,"opposition_distance":104.802}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:31","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":11.864574459987217,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 51 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 08 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:58","moonsetLocal":"13:18","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:56","end":"15:25","startHours":13.92795612126553,"endHours":15.411027928763932,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:31","end":"08:00","startHours":6.512597083773518,"endHours":7.9956688912719205,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:29","end":"10:58","startHours":9.478740698770324,"endHours":10.961812506268725,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:17","end":"09:41","startHours":9.280997791103868,"endHours":9.676483606436776,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:00","end":"07:19","startHours":7.006954352939652,"endHours":7.323343005205978,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:03","end":"12:50","startHours":12.049398498434218,"endHours":12.840370129100034,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:56","end":"05:43","startHours":4.930653822441889,"endHours":5.721625453107704,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":5.52388254544125,"endHours":6.512597083773518,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:13","startHours":14.422313390431663,"endHours":15.213285021097477,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.177171543760736,"endHours":18.577171543760734,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:52","startHours":18.377171543760735,"endHours":18.87152881292687,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.127171543760735,"endHours":19.877171543760735,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:03","end":"00:50","startHours":24.04939849843422,"endHours":24.840370129100034,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:31","end":"08:00","startHours":6.512597083773518,"endHours":7.9956688912719205,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:00","end":"09:29","startHours":7.9956688912719205,"endHours":9.478740698770324,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:29","end":"10:58","startHours":9.478740698770324,"endHours":10.961812506268725,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:58","end":"12:27","startHours":10.961812506268725,"endHours":12.444884313767126,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:27","end":"13:56","startHours":12.444884313767126,"endHours":13.92795612126553,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:56","end":"15:25","startHours":13.92795612126553,"endHours":15.411027928763932,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:25","end":"16:54","startHours":15.411027928763932,"endHours":16.894099736262334,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:54","end":"18:23","startHours":16.894099736262334,"endHours":18.377171543760735,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:23","end":"19:54","startHours":18.377171543760735,"endHours":19.894099736262334,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:54","end":"21:25","startHours":19.894099736262334,"endHours":21.41102792876393,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:25","end":"22:56","startHours":21.41102792876393,"endHours":22.927956121265527,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:56","end":"00:27","startHours":22.927956121265527,"endHours":24.444884313767126,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:27","end":"01:58","startHours":24.444884313767126,"endHours":25.961812506268725,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:58","end":"03:29","startHours":25.961812506268725,"endHours":27.478740698770324,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:29","end":"05:00","startHours":27.478740698770324,"endHours":28.99566889127192,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:00","end":"06:31","startHours":28.99566889127192,"endHours":30.512597083773517,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":6.512597083773518,"endHours":7.512597083773518,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.512597083773518,"endHours":8.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.512597083773517,"endHours":9.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.512597083773517,"endHours":10.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.512597083773517,"endHours":11.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.512597083773517,"endHours":12.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.512597083773517,"endHours":13.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.512597083773517,"endHours":14.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.512597083773517,"endHours":15.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.512597083773517,"endHours":16.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.512597083773517,"endHours":17.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.512597083773517,"endHours":18.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.512597083773517,"endHours":19.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.512597083773517,"endHours":20.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.512597083773517,"endHours":21.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.512597083773517,"endHours":22.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.512597083773517,"endHours":23.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.512597083773517,"endHours":24.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.512597083773517,"endHours":25.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.512597083773517,"endHours":26.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.512597083773517,"endHours":27.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.512597083773517,"endHours":28.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.512597083773517,"endHours":29.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":29.512597083773517,"endHours":30.512597083773517,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.13781174416209,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":24.1206}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2076,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1941,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1426,"malayalam_era":1195,"nanakshahi_year":550,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2076 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1941 Vikāri"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vellore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 2019 CE · Vellore, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 2019 CE for Vellore, Tamil Nadu: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:31, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2019-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2019-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2019-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2019-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2019-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T12:07:21.552Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T12:07:21.552Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T12:07:21.552Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}