{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vellore:2012-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2012-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456136.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867671.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.8058,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":214.5207,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":113.7149,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.7149},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":214.5207,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.1873},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":315.3265},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456136.770833,"ahargana":1867671.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0286,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.349671,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":213.47147100000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.5687},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":169.46417099999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":102.459071,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":45.26517100000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":56.90137099999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":179.34607099999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":221.7882,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":41.7882,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456136.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867671.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.8058,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":214.5207,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":113.7149,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.7149},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":214.5207,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.1873},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":315.3265},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.569,"elongation":113.715},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.569,"opposition_distance":66.285}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:58","sunsetLocal":"18:41","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":12.722138800496365,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 43 Mins 20 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 16 Mins 40 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:04","moonsetLocal":"01:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:09","end":"10:44","startHours":9.146804511149265,"endHours":10.737071861211309,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:55","end":"15:30","startHours":13.9176065613354,"endHours":15.507873911397446,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:58","end":"07:33","startHours":5.966269811025173,"endHours":7.556537161087219,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:56","end":"09:22","startHours":8.934768864474325,"endHours":9.358840157824204,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:30","end":"06:50","startHours":6.496358927712522,"endHours":6.835615962392425,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:45","startHours":11.903267917923475,"endHours":12.751410504623234,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:16","end":"05:07","startHours":4.269984637625657,"endHours":5.1181272243254154,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:58","startHours":4.906091577650476,"endHours":5.966269811025173,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:27","end":"15:18","startHours":14.44769567802275,"endHours":15.295838264722509,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:29","end":"18:53","startHours":18.48840861152154,"endHours":18.888408611521537,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:41","end":"19:13","startHours":18.688408611521538,"endHours":19.218497728208888,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:26","end":"20:11","startHours":18.438408611521538,"endHours":20.188408611521538,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:45","startHours":23.903267917923475,"endHours":24.751410504623234,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:58","end":"07:33","startHours":5.966269811025173,"endHours":7.556537161087219,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:33","end":"09:09","startHours":7.556537161087219,"endHours":9.146804511149265,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:09","end":"10:44","startHours":9.146804511149265,"endHours":10.737071861211309,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:44","end":"12:20","startHours":10.737071861211309,"endHours":12.327339211273355,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:20","end":"13:55","startHours":12.327339211273355,"endHours":13.9176065613354,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:55","end":"15:30","startHours":13.9176065613354,"endHours":15.507873911397446,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:30","end":"17:06","startHours":15.507873911397446,"endHours":17.098141261459492,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:06","end":"18:41","startHours":17.098141261459492,"endHours":18.688408611521538,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:41","end":"20:06","startHours":18.688408611521538,"endHours":20.098141261459492,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:06","end":"21:30","startHours":20.098141261459492,"endHours":21.507873911397446,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:30","end":"22:55","startHours":21.507873911397446,"endHours":22.9176065613354,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:55","end":"00:20","startHours":22.9176065613354,"endHours":24.327339211273355,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:20","end":"01:44","startHours":24.327339211273355,"endHours":25.73707186121131,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:44","end":"03:09","startHours":25.73707186121131,"endHours":27.146804511149263,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:09","end":"04:33","startHours":27.146804511149263,"endHours":28.55653716108722,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:33","end":"05:58","startHours":28.55653716108722,"endHours":29.96626981102517,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:58","end":"06:58","startHours":5.966269811025173,"endHours":6.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:58","end":"07:58","startHours":6.966269811025173,"endHours":7.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:58","end":"08:58","startHours":7.966269811025173,"endHours":8.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:58","end":"09:58","startHours":8.966269811025173,"endHours":9.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:58","end":"10:58","startHours":9.966269811025173,"endHours":10.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:58","end":"11:58","startHours":10.966269811025173,"endHours":11.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:58","end":"12:58","startHours":11.966269811025173,"endHours":12.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:58","end":"13:58","startHours":12.966269811025173,"endHours":13.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:58","end":"14:58","startHours":13.966269811025173,"endHours":14.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:58","end":"15:58","startHours":14.966269811025173,"endHours":15.966269811025173,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:58","end":"16:58","startHours":15.966269811025173,"endHours":16.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:58","end":"17:58","startHours":16.96626981102517,"endHours":17.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:58","end":"18:58","startHours":17.96626981102517,"endHours":18.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:58","end":"19:58","startHours":18.96626981102517,"endHours":19.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:58","end":"20:58","startHours":19.96626981102517,"endHours":20.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:58","end":"21:58","startHours":20.96626981102517,"endHours":21.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:58","end":"22:58","startHours":21.96626981102517,"endHours":22.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:58","end":"23:58","startHours":22.96626981102517,"endHours":23.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:58","end":"00:58","startHours":23.96626981102517,"endHours":24.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:58","end":"01:58","startHours":24.96626981102517,"endHours":25.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:58","end":"02:58","startHours":25.96626981102517,"endHours":26.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:58","end":"03:58","startHours":26.96626981102517,"endHours":27.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:58","end":"04:58","startHours":27.96626981102517,"endHours":28.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:58","end":"05:58","startHours":28.96626981102517,"endHours":29.96626981102517,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.922573777128484,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.0286}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vellore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2012 CE · Vellore, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2012 CE for Vellore, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 05:58, sūryāsta 18:41.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2012-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2012-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2012-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2012-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2012-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T00:22:38.295Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T00:22:38.295Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T00:22:38.295Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}