{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vellore:2011-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2011-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2011-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2011 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2011,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455770.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867305.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.102,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":65.3036,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":325.2016,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2016},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":65.3036,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9702},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":165.4055},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2011,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455770.770833,"ahargana":1867305.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0146,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.63865499999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":65.91225500000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.3232},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":61.495655,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":125.593955,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":14.487255000000005,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":95.117955,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":167.79415500000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":241.1806,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":61.1806,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2011,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455770.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867305.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.102,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":65.3036,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":325.2016,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2016},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":65.3036,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9702},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":165.4055},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.323,"elongation":34.798},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.323,"opposition_distance":145.202}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:58","sunsetLocal":"18:41","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":12.728279783563806,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 43 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 16 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:35","moonsetLocal":"16:26","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:55","end":"15:31","startHours":13.91837418421883,"endHours":15.509409157164306,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:58","end":"07:33","startHours":5.963199319491452,"endHours":7.554234292436928,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:09","end":"10:44","startHours":9.145269265382403,"endHours":10.736304238327879,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:56","end":"09:21","startHours":8.933131268989673,"endHours":9.357407261775133,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:30","end":"06:50","startHours":6.493544310473277,"endHours":6.832965104701645,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:45","startHours":11.903063218487894,"endHours":12.751615204058815,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:16","end":"05:07","startHours":4.266095348349611,"endHours":5.114647333920532,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:58","startHours":4.9025093375278015,"endHours":5.963199319491452,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:27","end":"15:18","startHours":14.448719175200655,"endHours":15.297271160771574,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:29","end":"18:53","startHours":18.49147910305526,"endHours":18.891479103055257,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:41","end":"19:13","startHours":18.691479103055258,"endHours":19.221824094037082,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:26","end":"20:11","startHours":18.441479103055258,"endHours":20.191479103055258,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:45","startHours":23.903063218487894,"endHours":24.751615204058815,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:58","end":"07:33","startHours":5.963199319491452,"endHours":7.554234292436928,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:33","end":"09:09","startHours":7.554234292436928,"endHours":9.145269265382403,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:09","end":"10:44","startHours":9.145269265382403,"endHours":10.736304238327879,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:44","end":"12:20","startHours":10.736304238327879,"endHours":12.327339211273355,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:20","end":"13:55","startHours":12.327339211273355,"endHours":13.91837418421883,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:55","end":"15:31","startHours":13.91837418421883,"endHours":15.509409157164306,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:31","end":"17:06","startHours":15.509409157164306,"endHours":17.100444130109782,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:06","end":"18:41","startHours":17.100444130109782,"endHours":18.691479103055258,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:41","end":"20:06","startHours":18.691479103055258,"endHours":20.100444130109782,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:06","end":"21:31","startHours":20.100444130109782,"endHours":21.509409157164306,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:31","end":"22:55","startHours":21.509409157164306,"endHours":22.91837418421883,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:55","end":"00:20","startHours":22.91837418421883,"endHours":24.327339211273355,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:20","end":"01:44","startHours":24.327339211273355,"endHours":25.73630423832788,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:44","end":"03:09","startHours":25.73630423832788,"endHours":27.145269265382403,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:09","end":"04:33","startHours":27.145269265382403,"endHours":28.554234292436927,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:33","end":"05:58","startHours":28.554234292436927,"endHours":29.96319931949145,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:58","end":"06:58","startHours":5.963199319491452,"endHours":6.963199319491452,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:58","end":"07:58","startHours":6.963199319491452,"endHours":7.963199319491452,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:58","end":"08:58","startHours":7.963199319491452,"endHours":8.963199319491451,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:58","end":"09:58","startHours":8.963199319491451,"endHours":9.963199319491451,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:58","end":"10:58","startHours":9.963199319491451,"endHours":10.963199319491451,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:58","end":"11:58","startHours":10.963199319491451,"endHours":11.963199319491451,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:58","end":"12:58","startHours":11.963199319491451,"endHours":12.963199319491451,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:58","end":"13:58","startHours":12.963199319491451,"endHours":13.963199319491451,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:58","end":"14:58","startHours":13.963199319491451,"endHours":14.963199319491451,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:58","end":"15:58","startHours":14.963199319491451,"endHours":15.963199319491451,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:58","end":"16:58","startHours":15.963199319491451,"endHours":16.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:58","end":"17:58","startHours":16.96319931949145,"endHours":17.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:58","end":"18:58","startHours":17.96319931949145,"endHours":18.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:58","end":"19:58","startHours":18.96319931949145,"endHours":19.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:58","end":"20:58","startHours":19.96319931949145,"endHours":20.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:58","end":"21:58","startHours":20.96319931949145,"endHours":21.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:58","end":"22:58","startHours":21.96319931949145,"endHours":22.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:58","end":"23:58","startHours":22.96319931949145,"endHours":23.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:58","end":"00:58","startHours":23.96319931949145,"endHours":24.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:58","end":"01:58","startHours":24.96319931949145,"endHours":25.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:58","end":"02:58","startHours":25.96319931949145,"endHours":26.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:58","end":"03:58","startHours":26.96319931949145,"endHours":27.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:58","end":"04:58","startHours":27.96319931949145,"endHours":28.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:58","end":"05:58","startHours":28.96319931949145,"endHours":29.96319931949145,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":19.097580217417704,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.0146}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2068,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhi","saka_samvat":1933,"saka_samvatsara":"Khara","bengali_samvat":1418,"malayalam_era":1187,"nanakshahi_year":542,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram 2068 Krodhi · Śaka 1933 Khara"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Pradoṣa Vrata is not live yet; Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vellore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2011 CE · Vellore, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2011 CE for Vellore, Tamil Nadu: Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:58, sūryāsta 18:41.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2011-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2011-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2011-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2011-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2011-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-09T21:25:30.793Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-09T21:25:30.793Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-09T21:25:30.793Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}