{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vellore:2003-05-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2003-05-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-05-16","date_display":"May 16, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452775.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864310.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":30.8607,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":209.5655,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":178.7048,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7048},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":209.5655,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5655},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":240.4263},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452775.770833,"ahargana":1864310.2708,"kali_year":5105,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9001,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":30.889185999999995,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":209.41748600000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.8042},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":290.01158599999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":17.867186000000004,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":106.706186,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":5.577585999999997,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":63.68758600000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":39.8702,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":219.8702,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452775.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864310.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":30.8607,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":209.5655,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":178.7048,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7048},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":209.5655,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5655},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":240.4263},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.804,"elongation":178.705},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.804,"opposition_distance":1.295}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":0,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.804,"opposition_distance":1.295},{"offset_days":15,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.403,"elongation":0.968}]},"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:48","sunsetLocal":"18:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:10","dayLengthHours":12.723566006129014,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 43 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 16 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:19","moonsetLocal":"05:49","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:34","end":"12:10","startHours":10.571666666587417,"endHours":12.162112417353544,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:21","end":"16:56","startHours":15.343003918885797,"endHours":16.93344966965192,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:23","end":"08:59","startHours":7.390775165055163,"endHours":8.98122091582129,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:46","end":"09:12","startHours":8.769161482385806,"endHours":9.193280349256774,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:20","end":"06:40","startHours":6.330477997877745,"endHours":6.669773091374519,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:44","end":"12:35","startHours":11.737993550482575,"endHours":12.58623128422451,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:06","end":"04:57","startHours":4.1038539468051685,"endHours":4.9520916805471025,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:44","end":"05:48","startHours":4.7400322471116185,"endHours":5.8003294142890365,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:17","end":"15:08","startHours":14.282706751708378,"endHours":15.130944485450312,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:19","end":"18:43","startHours":18.32389542041805,"endHours":18.72389542041805,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:31","end":"19:03","startHours":18.52389542041805,"endHours":19.05404400400676,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:16","end":"20:01","startHours":18.27389542041805,"endHours":20.02389542041805,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:44","end":"00:35","startHours":23.737993550482575,"endHours":24.586231284224507,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:48","end":"07:23","startHours":5.8003294142890365,"endHours":7.390775165055163,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:23","end":"08:59","startHours":7.390775165055163,"endHours":8.98122091582129,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:59","end":"10:34","startHours":8.98122091582129,"endHours":10.571666666587417,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:34","end":"12:10","startHours":10.571666666587417,"endHours":12.162112417353544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:10","end":"13:45","startHours":12.162112417353544,"endHours":13.75255816811967,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:45","end":"15:21","startHours":13.75255816811967,"endHours":15.343003918885797,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:21","end":"16:56","startHours":15.343003918885797,"endHours":16.93344966965192,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:56","end":"18:31","startHours":16.93344966965192,"endHours":18.52389542041805,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:31","end":"19:56","startHours":18.52389542041805,"endHours":19.933449669651925,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:56","end":"21:21","startHours":19.933449669651925,"endHours":21.343003918885795,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:21","end":"22:45","startHours":21.343003918885795,"endHours":22.75255816811967,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:45","end":"00:10","startHours":22.75255816811967,"endHours":24.162112417353544,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:10","end":"01:34","startHours":24.162112417353544,"endHours":25.57166666658742,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:34","end":"02:59","startHours":25.57166666658742,"endHours":26.98122091582129,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:59","end":"04:23","startHours":26.98122091582129,"endHours":28.390775165055164,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:23","end":"05:48","startHours":28.390775165055164,"endHours":29.80032941428904,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:48","end":"06:48","startHours":5.8003294142890365,"endHours":6.8003294142890365,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:48","end":"07:48","startHours":6.8003294142890365,"endHours":7.8003294142890365,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:48","end":"08:48","startHours":7.8003294142890365,"endHours":8.800329414289036,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:48","end":"09:48","startHours":8.800329414289036,"endHours":9.800329414289036,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:48","end":"10:48","startHours":9.800329414289036,"endHours":10.800329414289036,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:48","end":"11:48","startHours":10.800329414289036,"endHours":11.800329414289036,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:48","end":"12:48","startHours":11.800329414289036,"endHours":12.800329414289036,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:48","end":"13:48","startHours":12.800329414289036,"endHours":13.800329414289036,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:48","end":"14:48","startHours":13.800329414289036,"endHours":14.800329414289036,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:48","end":"15:48","startHours":14.800329414289036,"endHours":15.800329414289036,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:48","end":"16:48","startHours":15.800329414289036,"endHours":16.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:48","end":"17:48","startHours":16.80032941428904,"endHours":17.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:48","end":"18:48","startHours":17.80032941428904,"endHours":18.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:48","end":"19:48","startHours":18.80032941428904,"endHours":19.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:48","end":"20:48","startHours":19.80032941428904,"endHours":20.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:48","end":"21:48","startHours":20.80032941428904,"endHours":21.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:48","end":"22:48","startHours":21.80032941428904,"endHours":22.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:48","end":"23:48","startHours":22.80032941428904,"endHours":23.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:48","end":"00:48","startHours":23.80032941428904,"endHours":24.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:48","end":"01:48","startHours":24.80032941428904,"endHours":25.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:48","end":"02:48","startHours":25.80032941428904,"endHours":26.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:48","end":"03:48","startHours":26.80032941428904,"endHours":27.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:48","end":"04:48","startHours":27.80032941428904,"endHours":28.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:48","end":"05:48","startHours":28.80032941428904,"endHours":29.80032941428904,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.96328335238158,"eotMinutes":3.743254958787478,"ayanamsa":23.9001}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"buddha-purnima","name":"Buddha Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"बुद्ध पूर्णिमा","name_alternates":["Vesak","Vaiśākhī Pūrṇimā","Vesakha"],"tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Buddha (21st avatāra of Krishna per Bhāgavata 1.3.24)","deity_avatara_index":21,"significance":"Buddha's birth, enlightenment, and mahāparinirvāṇa all on this Vaiśākha Pūrṇimā. Most sacred Buddhist + Vaishnava day.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Day-long observance of compassion (karuṇā) and ahiṁsā; Buddha-stuti at sunset","detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":1,"related_chart":"buddha","sources":["Bhāgavata Purāṇa 1.3.24","Pāli Tipiṭaka","Buddhacarita by Aśvaghoṣa"]},{"id":"kurma-jayanti","name":"Kūrma Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"कूर्म जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Kūrma (2nd avatāra of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":11,"significance":"Kūrma supports Mount Mandara during the Sāgara-mathana (churning of the cosmic ocean).","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":4,"sources":["Bhāgavata 8.7-8"]},{"id":"chandika-jayanti","name":"Chaṇḍikā Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"चण्डिका जयन्ती","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Chaṇḍikā","significance":"Devī's fierce protective form. Often coincides with Buddha Pūrṇimā.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"chitra-paurnami","name":"Citrā Paurṇamī","name_sanskrit":"चित्रा पौर्णमी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Tamil regional Vaiśākha Pūrṇimā observance; honors Citragupta.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":6},{"id":"vaishakha-purnima-vrat","name":"Vaiśākha Pūrṇimā Vrat","name_sanskrit":"वैशाख पूर्णिमा व्रत","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"General Pūrṇimā vrat in Vaiśākha (highly auspicious month).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"buddha-purnima-walk","name":"Buddha Pūrṇimā Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुद्ध पूर्णिमा यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Bhāgavata 1.3.24 (Buddha as 21st avatāra) + BG 12.13 (compassion) + Dhammapada parallels.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/buddha-purnima-walk"},"reason":"Today is Buddha Pūrṇimā — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vellore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 16, 2003 CE · Vellore, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 16, 2003 CE for Vellore, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 05:48, sūryāsta 18:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2003-05-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2003-05-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2003-05-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2003-05-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2003-05-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T06:24:40.091Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T06:24:40.091Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T06:24:40.091Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}