{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vellore:2001-03-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2001-03-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-03-24","date_display":"March 24, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":3,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451992.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863527.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":339.7762,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":327.7525,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.9763,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9763},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":327.7525,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7525},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":307.5287},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":3,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451992.770833,"ahargana":1863527.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8701,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":339.602002,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":328.05990199999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1228},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":233.68740200000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":315.156602,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":42.364401999999984,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":349.460802,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":33.065301999999974,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":81.3573,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":261.3573,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":3,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451992.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863527.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":339.7762,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":327.7525,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.9763,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9763},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":327.7525,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.7525},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":307.5287},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.123,"elongation":12.024},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.123,"opposition_distance":167.976}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:16","sunsetLocal":"18:25","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":12.156203293172563,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 09 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 50 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:35","moonsetLocal":"17:34","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:18","end":"10:49","startHours":9.30041734658128,"endHours":10.81994275822785,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:52","end":"15:23","startHours":13.858993581520991,"endHours":15.37851899316756,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:16","end":"07:47","startHours":6.261366523288139,"endHours":7.78089193493471,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:30","startHours":9.097813958361737,"endHours":9.503020734800822,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:46","end":"07:06","startHours":6.767874993836996,"endHours":7.092040414988264,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:56","end":"12:45","startHours":11.934261393435335,"endHours":12.744674946313506,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:38","end":"05:27","startHours":4.640539417531797,"endHours":5.450952970409968,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:15","end":"06:16","startHours":5.248349582190425,"endHours":6.261366523288139,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:11","startHours":14.365502052069846,"endHours":15.175915604948017,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:13","end":"18:37","startHours":18.217569816460703,"endHours":18.6175698164607,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:25","end":"18:55","startHours":18.417569816460702,"endHours":18.924078287009557,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:10","end":"19:55","startHours":18.167569816460702,"endHours":19.917569816460702,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:56","end":"00:45","startHours":23.934261393435335,"endHours":24.74467494631351,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:16","end":"07:47","startHours":6.261366523288139,"endHours":7.78089193493471,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:47","end":"09:18","startHours":7.78089193493471,"endHours":9.30041734658128,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:18","end":"10:49","startHours":9.30041734658128,"endHours":10.81994275822785,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:49","end":"12:20","startHours":10.81994275822785,"endHours":12.33946816987442,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:20","end":"13:52","startHours":12.33946816987442,"endHours":13.858993581520991,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:52","end":"15:23","startHours":13.858993581520991,"endHours":15.37851899316756,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:23","end":"16:54","startHours":15.37851899316756,"endHours":16.89804440481413,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:54","end":"18:25","startHours":16.89804440481413,"endHours":18.417569816460702,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:25","end":"19:54","startHours":18.417569816460702,"endHours":19.898044404814133,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:54","end":"21:23","startHours":19.898044404814133,"endHours":21.37851899316756,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:23","end":"22:52","startHours":21.37851899316756,"endHours":22.85899358152099,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:52","end":"00:20","startHours":22.85899358152099,"endHours":24.339468169874422,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:20","end":"01:49","startHours":24.339468169874422,"endHours":25.81994275822785,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:49","end":"03:18","startHours":25.81994275822785,"endHours":27.30041734658128,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:18","end":"04:47","startHours":27.30041734658128,"endHours":28.780891934934708,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:47","end":"06:16","startHours":28.780891934934708,"endHours":30.26136652328814,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":6.261366523288139,"endHours":7.261366523288139,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.261366523288139,"endHours":8.261366523288139,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.261366523288139,"endHours":9.261366523288139,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.261366523288139,"endHours":10.261366523288139,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.261366523288139,"endHours":11.261366523288139,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.261366523288139,"endHours":12.261366523288139,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.261366523288139,"endHours":13.261366523288139,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.261366523288139,"endHours":14.261366523288139,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.261366523288139,"endHours":15.261366523288139,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.261366523288139,"endHours":16.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.26136652328814,"endHours":17.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.26136652328814,"endHours":18.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.26136652328814,"endHours":19.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.26136652328814,"endHours":20.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.26136652328814,"endHours":21.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.26136652328814,"endHours":22.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.26136652328814,"endHours":23.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.26136652328814,"endHours":24.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.26136652328814,"endHours":25.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.26136652328814,"endHours":26.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.26136652328814,"endHours":27.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.26136652328814,"endHours":28.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.26136652328814,"endHours":29.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":29.26136652328814,"endHours":30.26136652328814,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":1.3802561013263464,"eotMinutes":-6.898090192465199,"ayanamsa":23.8701}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Māsika Śivarātri is not live yet; Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vellore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 24, 2001 CE · Vellore, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 24, 2001 CE for Vellore, Tamil Nadu: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:16, sūryāsta 18:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2001-03-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2001-03-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2001-03-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2001-03-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/2001-03-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T06:36:07.652Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T06:36:07.652Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T06:36:07.652Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}