{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:vellore:1990-12-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/1990-12-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1990-12-01","date_display":"December 1, 1990 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1990,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448226.770833,"kali_year":5092,"ahargana":1859761.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.3674,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":26.5779,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":162.2105,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.2105},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":26.5779,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2446},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":250.9453},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":27,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1990,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448226.770833,"ahargana":1859761.2708,"kali_year":5092,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.7261,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.84799099999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":26.424191000000008,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3322},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":40.58779100000004,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":245.32869099999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":109.786091,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":232.28789099999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":268.428491,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":280.8981,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":100.8981,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1990,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2448226.770833,"kali_year":5092,"ahargana":1859761.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.3674,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":26.5779,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":162.2105,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.2105},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":26.5779,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2446},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":250.9453},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":27,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.332,"elongation":162.21},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.332,"opposition_distance":17.79}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"vellore","name":"Vellore, Tamil Nadu","lat":12.9165,"lon":79.1325,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:21","sunsetLocal":"17:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:03","dayLengthHours":11.42382980398404,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 25 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 34 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:30","moonsetLocal":"05:09","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:12","end":"10:38","startHours":9.199691705663984,"endHours":10.627670431161988,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:29","end":"14:55","startHours":13.483627882157998,"endHours":14.911606607656003,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:21","end":"07:46","startHours":6.343734254667973,"endHours":7.771712980165979,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:01","end":"09:23","startHours":9.00929454226425,"endHours":9.390088869063717,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:49","end":"07:07","startHours":6.819727163167308,"endHours":7.124362624606883,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:40","end":"12:26","startHours":11.674854829860525,"endHours":12.43644348345946,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:49","end":"05:35","startHours":4.820556947470101,"endHours":5.582145601069037,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:24","end":"06:21","startHours":5.391748437669303,"endHours":6.343734254667973,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:58","end":"14:43","startHours":13.959620790657333,"endHours":14.721209444256269,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:34","end":"17:58","startHours":17.567564058652014,"endHours":17.967564058652012,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:46","end":"18:15","startHours":17.767564058652013,"endHours":18.24355696715135,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:31","end":"19:16","startHours":17.517564058652013,"endHours":19.267564058652013,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:40","end":"00:26","startHours":23.674854829860525,"endHours":24.43644348345946,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:21","end":"07:46","startHours":6.343734254667973,"endHours":7.771712980165979,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:46","end":"09:12","startHours":7.771712980165979,"endHours":9.199691705663984,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:12","end":"10:38","startHours":9.199691705663984,"endHours":10.627670431161988,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:38","end":"12:03","startHours":10.627670431161988,"endHours":12.055649156659992,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:03","end":"13:29","startHours":12.055649156659992,"endHours":13.483627882157998,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:29","end":"14:55","startHours":13.483627882157998,"endHours":14.911606607656003,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:55","end":"16:20","startHours":14.911606607656003,"endHours":16.33958533315401,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:20","end":"17:46","startHours":16.33958533315401,"endHours":17.767564058652013,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:46","end":"19:20","startHours":17.767564058652013,"endHours":19.33958533315401,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:20","end":"20:55","startHours":19.33958533315401,"endHours":20.911606607656005,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:55","end":"22:29","startHours":20.911606607656005,"endHours":22.483627882157997,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:29","end":"00:03","startHours":22.483627882157997,"endHours":24.055649156659992,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:03","end":"01:38","startHours":24.055649156659992,"endHours":25.627670431161988,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:38","end":"03:12","startHours":25.627670431161988,"endHours":27.199691705663984,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:12","end":"04:46","startHours":27.199691705663984,"endHours":28.77171298016598,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:46","end":"06:21","startHours":28.77171298016598,"endHours":30.34373425466797,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:21","end":"07:21","startHours":6.343734254667973,"endHours":7.343734254667973,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:21","end":"08:21","startHours":7.343734254667973,"endHours":8.343734254667973,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:21","end":"09:21","startHours":8.343734254667973,"endHours":9.343734254667973,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:21","end":"10:21","startHours":9.343734254667973,"endHours":10.343734254667973,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:21","end":"11:21","startHours":10.343734254667973,"endHours":11.343734254667973,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:21","end":"12:21","startHours":11.343734254667973,"endHours":12.343734254667973,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:21","end":"13:21","startHours":12.343734254667973,"endHours":13.343734254667973,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:21","end":"14:21","startHours":13.343734254667973,"endHours":14.343734254667973,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:21","end":"15:21","startHours":14.343734254667973,"endHours":15.343734254667973,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:21","end":"16:21","startHours":15.343734254667973,"endHours":16.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:21","end":"17:21","startHours":16.34373425466797,"endHours":17.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:21","end":"18:21","startHours":17.34373425466797,"endHours":18.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:21","end":"19:21","startHours":18.34373425466797,"endHours":19.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:21","end":"20:21","startHours":19.34373425466797,"endHours":20.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:21","end":"21:21","startHours":20.34373425466797,"endHours":21.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:21","end":"22:21","startHours":21.34373425466797,"endHours":22.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:21","end":"23:21","startHours":22.34373425466797,"endHours":23.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:21","end":"00:21","startHours":23.34373425466797,"endHours":24.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:21","end":"01:21","startHours":24.34373425466797,"endHours":25.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:21","end":"02:21","startHours":25.34373425466797,"endHours":26.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:21","end":"03:21","startHours":26.34373425466797,"endHours":27.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:21","end":"04:21","startHours":27.34373425466797,"endHours":28.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:21","end":"05:21","startHours":28.34373425466797,"endHours":29.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":29.34373425466797,"endHours":30.34373425466797,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.730756160671554,"eotMinutes":10.131050600400467,"ayanamsa":23.7261}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2047,"vikram_samvatsara":"Subhānu","saka_samvat":1912,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramoda","bengali_samvat":1397,"malayalam_era":1166,"nanakshahi_year":521,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram 2047 Subhānu · Śaka 1912 Pramoda"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"vellore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 1, 1990 CE · Vellore, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 1, 1990 CE for Vellore, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:21, sūryāsta 17:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/1990-12-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/1990-12-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/1990-12-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/1990-12-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/vellore/1990-12-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T13:25:14.203Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T13:25:14.203Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T13:25:14.203Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}