{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2091-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2091-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2091-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2091 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2091,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2484993.770833,"kali_year":5193,"ahargana":1896528.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.2859,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":290.7573,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.4714,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.4714},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4,"moon_longitude":290.7573,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.7573},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":33.0432},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2091,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2484993.770833,"ahargana":1896528.2708,"kali_year":5193,"ayanamsa_lahiri":25.1323,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.030621,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":289.594421,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.6877},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":170.21072099999992,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":96.994621,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":258.854921,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":103.40912100000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":68.30872099999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":132.8055,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":312.8055,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2091,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2484993.770833,"kali_year":5193,"ahargana":1896528.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.2859,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":290.7573,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.4714,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.4714},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4,"moon_longitude":290.7573,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.7573},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":33.0432},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.688,"elongation":171.529},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.688,"opposition_distance":8.471}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":15,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.268,"elongation":0.94}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:24","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:04","dayLengthHours":13.325848675450537,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 19 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 40 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:00","moonsetLocal":"06:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:24","end":"17:04","startHours":15.401058410735146,"endHours":17.066789495166464,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:44","end":"10:24","startHours":8.738134073009878,"endHours":10.403865157441196,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:04","end":"13:44","startHours":12.069596241872514,"endHours":13.735327326303832,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:31","end":"08:58","startHours":8.516036595085703,"endHours":8.960231550934054,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:58","end":"06:19","startHours":5.961915598957684,"endHours":6.317271563636365,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:31","startHours":11.625401286024163,"endHours":12.513791197720865,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:38","end":"04:31","startHours":3.6298920807538395,"endHours":4.518281992450542,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:18","end":"05:24","startHours":4.296184514526367,"endHours":5.406671904147244,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:17","end":"15:11","startHours":14.290571021114268,"endHours":15.17896093281097,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.532520579597783,"endHours":18.93252057959778,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:17","startHours":18.732520579597782,"endHours":19.28776427440822,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.482520579597782,"endHours":20.232520579597782,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:31","startHours":23.62540128602416,"endHours":24.513791197720867,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:24","end":"07:04","startHours":5.406671904147244,"endHours":7.0724029885785615,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:04","end":"08:44","startHours":7.0724029885785615,"endHours":8.738134073009878,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:44","end":"10:24","startHours":8.738134073009878,"endHours":10.403865157441196,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:24","end":"12:04","startHours":10.403865157441196,"endHours":12.069596241872514,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:04","end":"13:44","startHours":12.069596241872514,"endHours":13.735327326303832,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:44","end":"15:24","startHours":13.735327326303832,"endHours":15.401058410735146,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:24","end":"17:04","startHours":15.401058410735146,"endHours":17.066789495166464,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:04","end":"18:44","startHours":17.066789495166464,"endHours":18.732520579597782,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:44","end":"20:04","startHours":18.732520579597782,"endHours":20.066789495166464,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:04","end":"21:24","startHours":20.066789495166464,"endHours":21.401058410735146,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:24","end":"22:44","startHours":21.401058410735146,"endHours":22.735327326303832,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:44","end":"00:04","startHours":22.735327326303832,"endHours":24.069596241872514,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:04","end":"01:24","startHours":24.069596241872514,"endHours":25.403865157441196,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:24","end":"02:44","startHours":25.403865157441196,"endHours":26.73813407300988,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:44","end":"04:04","startHours":26.73813407300988,"endHours":28.072402988578563,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:04","end":"05:24","startHours":28.072402988578563,"endHours":29.406671904147245,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:24","end":"06:24","startHours":5.406671904147244,"endHours":6.406671904147244,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:24","end":"07:24","startHours":6.406671904147244,"endHours":7.406671904147244,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:24","end":"08:24","startHours":7.406671904147244,"endHours":8.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:24","end":"09:24","startHours":8.406671904147245,"endHours":9.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:24","end":"10:24","startHours":9.406671904147245,"endHours":10.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:24","end":"11:24","startHours":10.406671904147245,"endHours":11.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:24","end":"12:24","startHours":11.406671904147245,"endHours":12.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:24","end":"13:24","startHours":12.406671904147245,"endHours":13.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:24","end":"14:24","startHours":13.406671904147245,"endHours":14.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:24","end":"15:24","startHours":14.406671904147245,"endHours":15.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:24","end":"16:24","startHours":15.406671904147245,"endHours":16.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:24","end":"17:24","startHours":16.406671904147245,"endHours":17.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:24","end":"18:24","startHours":17.406671904147245,"endHours":18.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:24","end":"19:24","startHours":18.406671904147245,"endHours":19.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:24","end":"20:24","startHours":19.406671904147245,"endHours":20.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:24","end":"21:24","startHours":20.406671904147245,"endHours":21.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:24","end":"22:24","startHours":21.406671904147245,"endHours":22.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:24","end":"23:24","startHours":22.406671904147245,"endHours":23.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:24","end":"00:24","startHours":23.406671904147245,"endHours":24.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:24","end":"01:24","startHours":24.406671904147245,"endHours":25.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:24","end":"02:24","startHours":25.406671904147245,"endHours":26.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:24","end":"03:24","startHours":26.406671904147245,"endHours":27.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:24","end":"04:24","startHours":27.406671904147245,"endHours":28.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:24","end":"05:24","startHours":28.406671904147245,"endHours":29.406671904147245,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.223221264134025,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":25.1323}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2148,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":2013,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1498,"malayalam_era":1267,"nanakshahi_year":622,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2148 Raktākṣī · Śaka 2013 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2091 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2091 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:24, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2091-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2091-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2091-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2091-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2091-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:09:54.845Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:09:54.845Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T12:09:54.845Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}