{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2023-10-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2023-10-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-10-01","date_display":"October 1, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460218.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871753.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.6294,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.9768,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":202.3474,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3474},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":4.9768,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.9768},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":167.6061},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460218.770833,"ahargana":1871753.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1847,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":163.43220900000006,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.5781089999999836,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.0414},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":178.05140900000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":148.71830899999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":20.25750899999997,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":119.057209,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":307.37060900000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":5.5042,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":185.5042,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":10,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460218.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871753.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.6294,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.9768,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":202.3474,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3474},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":4.9768,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.9768},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":167.6061},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.041,"elongation":157.653},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.041,"opposition_distance":22.347}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:49","sunsetLocal":"17:45","solarNoonLocal":"11:47","dayLengthHours":11.93224117239232,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 55 Mins 56 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 04 Mins 04 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:51","moonsetLocal":"07:40","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:15","end":"17:45","startHours":16.256867703204048,"endHours":17.748397849753086,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:47","end":"13:16","startHours":11.782277263556928,"endHours":13.273807410105967,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:46","end":"16:15","startHours":14.765337556655005,"endHours":16.256867703204048,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:36","end":"09:00","startHours":8.600346284252309,"endHours":8.998087656665385,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:19","end":"06:38","startHours":6.313333392877114,"endHours":6.631526490807576,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:23","end":"12:11","startHours":11.384535891143848,"endHours":12.180018635970004,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:14","end":"05:01","startHours":4.225191187708457,"endHours":5.020673932534613,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:49","end":"05:49","startHours":4.8218032463280736,"endHours":5.816156677360767,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:46","end":"14:34","startHours":13.770984125622313,"endHours":14.566466870448467,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:33","end":"17:57","startHours":17.548397849753087,"endHours":17.948397849753086,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:45","end":"18:15","startHours":17.748397849753086,"endHours":18.245574565269433,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:30","end":"19:15","startHours":17.498397849753086,"endHours":19.248397849753086,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:23","end":"00:11","startHours":23.38453589114385,"endHours":24.180018635970004,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:49","end":"07:18","startHours":5.816156677360767,"endHours":7.3076868239098065,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:18","end":"08:48","startHours":7.3076868239098065,"endHours":8.799216970458847,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:48","end":"10:17","startHours":8.799216970458847,"endHours":10.290747117007886,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:17","end":"11:47","startHours":10.290747117007886,"endHours":11.782277263556928,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:47","end":"13:16","startHours":11.782277263556928,"endHours":13.273807410105967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:16","end":"14:46","startHours":13.273807410105967,"endHours":14.765337556655005,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:46","end":"16:15","startHours":14.765337556655005,"endHours":16.256867703204048,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:15","end":"17:45","startHours":16.256867703204048,"endHours":17.748397849753086,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:45","end":"19:15","startHours":17.748397849753086,"endHours":19.256867703204048,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:15","end":"20:46","startHours":19.256867703204048,"endHours":20.765337556655005,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:46","end":"22:16","startHours":20.765337556655005,"endHours":22.273807410105967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:16","end":"23:47","startHours":22.273807410105967,"endHours":23.782277263556928,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:47","end":"01:17","startHours":23.782277263556928,"endHours":25.290747117007886,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:17","end":"02:48","startHours":25.290747117007886,"endHours":26.799216970458847,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:48","end":"04:18","startHours":26.799216970458847,"endHours":28.307686823909805,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:18","end":"05:49","startHours":28.307686823909805,"endHours":29.816156677360766,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:49","end":"06:49","startHours":5.816156677360767,"endHours":6.816156677360767,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:49","end":"07:49","startHours":6.816156677360767,"endHours":7.816156677360767,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:49","end":"08:49","startHours":7.816156677360767,"endHours":8.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:49","end":"09:49","startHours":8.816156677360766,"endHours":9.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:49","end":"10:49","startHours":9.816156677360766,"endHours":10.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:49","end":"11:49","startHours":10.816156677360766,"endHours":11.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:49","end":"12:49","startHours":11.816156677360766,"endHours":12.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:49","end":"13:49","startHours":12.816156677360766,"endHours":13.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:49","end":"14:49","startHours":13.816156677360766,"endHours":14.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:49","end":"15:49","startHours":14.816156677360766,"endHours":15.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:49","end":"16:49","startHours":15.816156677360766,"endHours":16.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:49","end":"17:49","startHours":16.816156677360766,"endHours":17.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:49","end":"18:49","startHours":17.816156677360766,"endHours":18.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:49","end":"19:49","startHours":18.816156677360766,"endHours":19.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:49","end":"20:49","startHours":19.816156677360766,"endHours":20.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:49","end":"21:49","startHours":20.816156677360766,"endHours":21.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:49","end":"22:49","startHours":21.816156677360766,"endHours":22.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:49","end":"23:49","startHours":22.816156677360766,"endHours":23.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:49","end":"00:49","startHours":23.816156677360766,"endHours":24.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:49","end":"01:49","startHours":24.816156677360766,"endHours":25.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:49","end":"02:49","startHours":25.816156677360766,"endHours":26.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:49","end":"03:49","startHours":26.816156677360766,"endHours":27.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:49","end":"04:49","startHours":27.816156677360766,"endHours":28.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:49","end":"05:49","startHours":28.816156677360766,"endHours":29.816156677360766,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-3.0219773662877802,"eotMinutes":11.167764186584405,"ayanamsa":24.1847}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 1, 2023 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 1, 2023 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:49, sūryāsta 17:45.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2023-10-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2023-10-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2023-10-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2023-10-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2023-10-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:38:54.363Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:38:54.363Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T14:38:54.363Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}