{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2017-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457962.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869497.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.5268,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":159.8579,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":59.331,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.331},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":159.8579,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.1912},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":260.3847},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457962.770833,"ahargana":1869497.2708,"kali_year":5119,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0985,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.08120400000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":160.93690400000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.5677},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":100.51880399999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":127.96800400000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":172.033904,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":61.52920399999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":237.56050400000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":125.0379,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":305.0379,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457962.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869497.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.5268,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":159.8579,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":59.331,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.331},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":159.8579,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.1912},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":260.3847},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.568,"elongation":59.331},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.568,"opposition_distance":120.669}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:23","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:04","dayLengthHours":13.379755340665568,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 22 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 37 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:05","moonsetLocal":"22:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:24","end":"12:04","startHours":10.398776460356821,"endHours":12.071245877940019,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:25","end":"17:05","startHours":15.41618471310641,"endHours":17.088654130689605,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:44","startHours":7.05383762519043,"endHours":8.726307042773627,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:30","end":"08:57","startHours":8.5033111204292,"endHours":8.949302965118052,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:56","end":"06:18","startHours":5.938858013468299,"endHours":6.295651489219381,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:31","startHours":11.625254033251167,"endHours":12.51723772262887,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:36","end":"04:29","startHours":3.597400828851825,"endHours":4.489384518229529,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:16","end":"05:23","startHours":4.266388595885103,"endHours":5.381368207607234,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:18","end":"15:12","startHours":14.30120510138428,"endHours":15.193188790761985,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.561123548272803,"endHours":18.961123548272802,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:19","startHours":18.761123548272803,"endHours":19.318613354133866,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.511123548272803,"endHours":20.261123548272803,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:31","startHours":23.625254033251167,"endHours":24.51723772262887,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:23","end":"07:03","startHours":5.381368207607234,"endHours":7.05383762519043,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:03","end":"08:44","startHours":7.05383762519043,"endHours":8.726307042773627,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:44","end":"10:24","startHours":8.726307042773627,"endHours":10.398776460356821,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:24","end":"12:04","startHours":10.398776460356821,"endHours":12.071245877940019,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:04","end":"13:45","startHours":12.071245877940019,"endHours":13.743715295523213,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:45","end":"15:25","startHours":13.743715295523213,"endHours":15.41618471310641,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:25","end":"17:05","startHours":15.41618471310641,"endHours":17.088654130689605,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:05","end":"18:46","startHours":17.088654130689605,"endHours":18.761123548272803,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:46","end":"20:05","startHours":18.761123548272803,"endHours":20.088654130689605,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:05","end":"21:25","startHours":20.088654130689605,"endHours":21.41618471310641,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:25","end":"22:45","startHours":21.41618471310641,"endHours":22.743715295523216,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:45","end":"00:04","startHours":22.743715295523216,"endHours":24.07124587794002,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:04","end":"01:24","startHours":24.07124587794002,"endHours":25.39877646035682,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:24","end":"02:44","startHours":25.39877646035682,"endHours":26.726307042773627,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:44","end":"04:03","startHours":26.726307042773627,"endHours":28.053837625190432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:03","end":"05:23","startHours":28.053837625190432,"endHours":29.381368207607235,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:23","end":"06:23","startHours":5.381368207607234,"endHours":6.381368207607234,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:23","end":"07:23","startHours":6.381368207607234,"endHours":7.381368207607234,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:23","end":"08:23","startHours":7.381368207607234,"endHours":8.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:23","end":"09:23","startHours":8.381368207607235,"endHours":9.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:23","end":"10:23","startHours":9.381368207607235,"endHours":10.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:23","end":"11:23","startHours":10.381368207607235,"endHours":11.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:23","end":"12:23","startHours":11.381368207607235,"endHours":12.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:23","end":"13:23","startHours":12.381368207607235,"endHours":13.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:23","end":"14:23","startHours":13.381368207607235,"endHours":14.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:23","end":"15:23","startHours":14.381368207607235,"endHours":15.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:23","end":"16:23","startHours":15.381368207607235,"endHours":16.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:23","end":"17:23","startHours":16.381368207607235,"endHours":17.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:23","end":"18:23","startHours":17.381368207607235,"endHours":18.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:23","end":"19:23","startHours":18.381368207607235,"endHours":19.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:23","end":"20:23","startHours":19.381368207607235,"endHours":20.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:23","end":"21:23","startHours":20.381368207607235,"endHours":21.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:23","end":"22:23","startHours":21.381368207607235,"endHours":22.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:23","end":"23:23","startHours":22.381368207607235,"endHours":23.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:23","end":"00:23","startHours":23.381368207607235,"endHours":24.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:23","end":"01:23","startHours":24.381368207607235,"endHours":25.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:23","end":"02:23","startHours":25.381368207607235,"endHours":26.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:23","end":"03:23","startHours":26.381368207607235,"endHours":27.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:23","end":"04:23","startHours":27.381368207607235,"endHours":28.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:23","end":"05:23","startHours":28.381368207607235,"endHours":29.381368207607235,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.970800163371415,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.0985}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2017 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2017 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:23, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:30:33.889Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:30:33.889Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:30:33.889Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}