{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2017-02-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-02-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-02-01","date_display":"February 1, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457785.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869320.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.2507,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":337.9472,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":49.6965,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.6965},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":337.9472,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6139},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":266.198},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457785.770833,"ahargana":1869320.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0917,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.273467,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":337.654567,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.7951},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":338.486767,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":266.56856700000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":178.513467,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":333.55986699999994,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":240.33126700000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":134.4163,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":314.4163,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457785.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869320.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.2507,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":337.9472,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":49.6965,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.6965},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":337.9472,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6139},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":266.198},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.795,"elongation":49.697},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.795,"opposition_distance":130.303}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":10,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.052,"opposition_distance":1.908}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:41","sunsetLocal":"17:42","solarNoonLocal":"12:12","dayLengthHours":11.014695278111086,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 00 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 59 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:25","moonsetLocal":"21:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:12","end":"13:34","startHours":12.19656246862326,"endHours":13.573399378387144,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:04","end":"09:27","startHours":8.066051739331602,"endHours":9.442888649095487,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:49","end":"12:12","startHours":10.819725558859373,"endHours":12.19656246862326,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:38","startHours":9.259310394460302,"endHours":9.626466903730671,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:09","end":"07:27","startHours":7.1481604661556775,"endHours":7.441885673571973,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:50","end":"12:34","startHours":11.82940595935289,"endHours":12.563718977893629,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:13","end":"05:57","startHours":5.220588792486238,"endHours":5.954901811026977,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:46","end":"06:41","startHours":5.771323556391792,"endHours":6.689214829567716,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:02","end":"14:46","startHours":14.032345014975107,"endHours":14.766658033515846,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:30","end":"17:54","startHours":17.503910107678802,"endHours":17.9039101076788,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:42","end":"18:10","startHours":17.7039101076788,"endHours":18.162855744266764,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:27","end":"19:12","startHours":17.4539101076788,"endHours":19.2039101076788,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:50","end":"00:34","startHours":23.82940595935289,"endHours":24.56371897789363,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:41","end":"08:04","startHours":6.689214829567716,"endHours":8.066051739331602,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:04","end":"09:27","startHours":8.066051739331602,"endHours":9.442888649095487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:27","end":"10:49","startHours":9.442888649095487,"endHours":10.819725558859373,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:49","end":"12:12","startHours":10.819725558859373,"endHours":12.19656246862326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:12","end":"13:34","startHours":12.19656246862326,"endHours":13.573399378387144,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:34","end":"14:57","startHours":13.573399378387144,"endHours":14.95023628815103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:57","end":"16:20","startHours":14.95023628815103,"endHours":16.327073197914913,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:20","end":"17:42","startHours":16.327073197914913,"endHours":17.7039101076788,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:42","end":"19:20","startHours":17.7039101076788,"endHours":19.327073197914917,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:20","end":"20:57","startHours":19.327073197914917,"endHours":20.95023628815103,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:57","end":"22:34","startHours":20.95023628815103,"endHours":22.573399378387144,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:34","end":"00:12","startHours":22.573399378387144,"endHours":24.19656246862326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:12","end":"01:49","startHours":24.19656246862326,"endHours":25.819725558859375,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:49","end":"03:27","startHours":25.819725558859375,"endHours":27.442888649095487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:27","end":"05:04","startHours":27.442888649095487,"endHours":29.066051739331602,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:04","end":"06:41","startHours":29.066051739331602,"endHours":30.689214829567717,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:41","end":"07:41","startHours":6.689214829567716,"endHours":7.689214829567716,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:41","end":"08:41","startHours":7.689214829567716,"endHours":8.689214829567716,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:41","end":"09:41","startHours":8.689214829567716,"endHours":9.689214829567716,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:41","end":"10:41","startHours":9.689214829567716,"endHours":10.689214829567716,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:41","end":"11:41","startHours":10.689214829567716,"endHours":11.689214829567716,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:41","end":"12:41","startHours":11.689214829567716,"endHours":12.689214829567716,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:41","end":"13:41","startHours":12.689214829567716,"endHours":13.689214829567716,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:41","end":"14:41","startHours":13.689214829567716,"endHours":14.689214829567716,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:41","end":"15:41","startHours":14.689214829567716,"endHours":15.689214829567716,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:41","end":"16:41","startHours":15.689214829567716,"endHours":16.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:41","end":"17:41","startHours":16.689214829567717,"endHours":17.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:41","end":"18:41","startHours":17.689214829567717,"endHours":18.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:41","end":"19:41","startHours":18.689214829567717,"endHours":19.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:41","end":"20:41","startHours":19.689214829567717,"endHours":20.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:41","end":"21:41","startHours":20.689214829567717,"endHours":21.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:41","end":"22:41","startHours":21.689214829567717,"endHours":22.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:41","end":"23:41","startHours":22.689214829567717,"endHours":23.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:41","end":"00:41","startHours":23.689214829567717,"endHours":24.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:41","end":"01:41","startHours":24.689214829567717,"endHours":25.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:41","end":"02:41","startHours":25.689214829567717,"endHours":26.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:41","end":"03:41","startHours":26.689214829567717,"endHours":27.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:41","end":"04:41","startHours":27.689214829567717,"endHours":28.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:41","end":"05:41","startHours":28.689214829567717,"endHours":29.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":29.689214829567717,"endHours":30.689214829567717,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.08982915390077,"eotMinutes":-13.689348117395623,"ayanamsa":24.0917}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"sarasvati-jayanti","name":"Sarasvatī Jayantī (Vasanta Pañchamī)","name_sanskrit":"सरस्वती जयन्ती / वसन्त पञ्चमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sarasvatī (Vāk-tattva)","significance":"Manifestation of Devī Sarasvatī; vidyā-ārambha day; vasanta-ṛtu begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Skanda Purāṇa","Devī Bhāgavata"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 1, 2017 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 1, 2017 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:41, sūryāsta 17:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-02-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-02-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-02-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-02-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2017-02-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T09:04:37.616Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T09:04:37.616Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T09:04:37.616Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}