{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2016-09-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-09-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-09-13","date_display":"September 13, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457644.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869179.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":145.841,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.1197,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":132.2787,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2787},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":278.1197,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.4531},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":63.9608},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457644.770833,"ahargana":1869179.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0863,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":146.60445400000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.790754,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.1111},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":236.73525400000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":146.422954,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":156.09925399999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":172.77045399999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":226.24885399999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":141.8871,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":321.8871,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457644.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869179.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":145.841,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.1197,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":132.2787,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2787},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":278.1197,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.4531},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":63.9608},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.111,"elongation":132.279},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.111,"opposition_distance":47.721}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-12,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"elongation":2.371},{"offset_days":4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.783,"opposition_distance":1.976}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:43","sunsetLocal":"18:04","solarNoonLocal":"11:53","dayLengthHours":12.3562507498415,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 21 Mins 23 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 38 Mins 37 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:14","moonsetLocal":"02:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:59","end":"16:31","startHours":14.978238171962605,"endHours":16.522769515692794,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:48","end":"10:21","startHours":8.800112797041855,"endHours":10.344644140772044,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:53","end":"13:26","startHours":11.889175484502232,"endHours":13.433706828232419,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:36","end":"09:00","startHours":8.594175284544498,"endHours":9.006050309539214,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:14","end":"06:33","startHours":6.225893890824877,"endHours":6.5553939108206505,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:29","end":"12:18","startHours":11.477300459507516,"endHours":12.301050509496948,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:04","end":"04:53","startHours":4.063550009602614,"endHours":4.8873000595920475,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:41","end":"05:43","startHours":4.68136254709469,"endHours":5.711050109581481,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:57","end":"14:46","startHours":13.948550609475813,"endHours":14.772300659465246,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:52","end":"18:16","startHours":17.867300859422983,"endHours":18.26730085942298,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:04","end":"18:35","startHours":18.067300859422982,"endHours":18.582144640666378,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:49","end":"19:34","startHours":17.817300859422982,"endHours":19.567300859422982,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:29","end":"00:18","startHours":23.477300459507514,"endHours":24.30105050949695,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:43","end":"07:15","startHours":5.711050109581481,"endHours":7.2555814533116685,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:15","end":"08:48","startHours":7.2555814533116685,"endHours":8.800112797041855,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:48","end":"10:21","startHours":8.800112797041855,"endHours":10.344644140772044,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:21","end":"11:53","startHours":10.344644140772044,"endHours":11.889175484502232,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:53","end":"13:26","startHours":11.889175484502232,"endHours":13.433706828232419,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:26","end":"14:59","startHours":13.433706828232419,"endHours":14.978238171962605,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:59","end":"16:31","startHours":14.978238171962605,"endHours":16.522769515692794,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:31","end":"18:04","startHours":16.522769515692794,"endHours":18.067300859422982,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:04","end":"19:31","startHours":18.067300859422982,"endHours":19.522769515692794,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:31","end":"20:59","startHours":19.522769515692794,"endHours":20.97823817196261,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:59","end":"22:26","startHours":20.97823817196261,"endHours":22.43370682823242,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:26","end":"23:53","startHours":22.43370682823242,"endHours":23.889175484502232,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:53","end":"01:21","startHours":23.889175484502232,"endHours":25.344644140772044,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:21","end":"02:48","startHours":25.344644140772044,"endHours":26.800112797041855,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:48","end":"04:15","startHours":26.800112797041855,"endHours":28.25558145331167,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:15","end":"05:43","startHours":28.25558145331167,"endHours":29.711050109581482,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:43","end":"06:43","startHours":5.711050109581481,"endHours":6.711050109581481,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:43","end":"07:43","startHours":6.711050109581481,"endHours":7.711050109581481,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:43","end":"08:43","startHours":7.711050109581481,"endHours":8.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:43","end":"09:43","startHours":8.711050109581482,"endHours":9.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:43","end":"10:43","startHours":9.711050109581482,"endHours":10.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:43","end":"11:43","startHours":10.711050109581482,"endHours":11.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:43","end":"12:43","startHours":11.711050109581482,"endHours":12.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:43","end":"13:43","startHours":12.711050109581482,"endHours":13.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:43","end":"14:43","startHours":13.711050109581482,"endHours":14.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:43","end":"15:43","startHours":14.711050109581482,"endHours":15.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:43","end":"16:43","startHours":15.711050109581482,"endHours":16.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:43","end":"17:43","startHours":16.711050109581482,"endHours":17.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:43","end":"18:43","startHours":17.711050109581482,"endHours":18.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:43","end":"19:43","startHours":18.711050109581482,"endHours":19.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:43","end":"20:43","startHours":19.711050109581482,"endHours":20.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:43","end":"21:43","startHours":20.711050109581482,"endHours":21.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:43","end":"22:43","startHours":21.711050109581482,"endHours":22.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:43","end":"23:43","startHours":22.711050109581482,"endHours":23.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:43","end":"00:43","startHours":23.711050109581482,"endHours":24.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:43","end":"01:43","startHours":24.711050109581482,"endHours":25.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:43","end":"02:43","startHours":25.711050109581482,"endHours":26.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:43","end":"03:43","startHours":26.711050109581482,"endHours":27.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:43","end":"04:43","startHours":27.711050109581482,"endHours":28.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:43","end":"05:43","startHours":28.711050109581482,"endHours":29.711050109581482,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":3.6888681377329484,"eotMinutes":4.753870929866006,"ayanamsa":24.0863}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"vamana-jayanti","name":"Vāmana Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"वामन जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Vāmana (5th daśāvatāra of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":15,"significance":"Vāmana's three-step measure of all worlds; Bali's surrender. (= Onam in Kerala.)","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":12,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 8.18-22"]},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 13, 2016 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 13, 2016 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:43, sūryāsta 18:04.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-09-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-09-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-09-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-09-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-09-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:06:50.549Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:06:50.549Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T12:06:50.549Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}