{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2016-08-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-08-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-08-20","date_display":"August 20, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457620.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869155.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.7006,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.6928,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":199.9922,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9922},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":322.6928,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6928},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":85.3933},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457620.770833,"ahargana":1869155.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0854,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":123.37837100000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":324.8343709999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.0366},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":223.39497099999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":150.31667099999999,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":151.06917099999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":143.38257099999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.53757099999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":143.1587,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":323.1587,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457620.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869155.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.7006,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.6928,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":199.9922,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9922},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":322.6928,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6928},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":85.3933},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.037,"elongation":160.008},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.037,"opposition_distance":19.992}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":12,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"elongation":2.371}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:34","sunsetLocal":"18:29","solarNoonLocal":"12:01","dayLengthHours":12.919399045588504,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 55 Mins 10 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 04 Mins 50 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:33","moonsetLocal":"07:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:47","end":"10:24","startHours":8.789390420445047,"endHours":10.404315301143608,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:38","end":"15:15","startHours":13.634165062540735,"endHours":15.249089943239298,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:34","end":"07:10","startHours":5.55954065904792,"endHours":7.174465539746484,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:34","end":"09:00","startHours":8.574067103018571,"endHours":9.004713737871521,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:06","end":"06:27","startHours":6.097848952614108,"endHours":6.442366260496469,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:35","end":"12:27","startHours":11.588593546989221,"endHours":12.449886816695122,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:50","end":"04:42","startHours":3.83695411963612,"endHours":4.69824738934202,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:29","end":"05:34","startHours":4.482924071915545,"endHours":5.55954065904792,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:10","end":"15:02","startHours":14.172473356106924,"endHours":15.033766625812824,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:17","end":"18:41","startHours":18.278939704636425,"endHours":18.678939704636424,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:29","end":"19:01","startHours":18.478939704636424,"endHours":19.017247998202613,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:14","end":"19:59","startHours":18.228939704636424,"endHours":19.978939704636424,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:35","end":"00:27","startHours":23.58859354698922,"endHours":24.449886816695123,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:34","end":"07:10","startHours":5.55954065904792,"endHours":7.174465539746484,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:10","end":"08:47","startHours":7.174465539746484,"endHours":8.789390420445047,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:47","end":"10:24","startHours":8.789390420445047,"endHours":10.404315301143608,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:24","end":"12:01","startHours":10.404315301143608,"endHours":12.019240181842171,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:01","end":"13:38","startHours":12.019240181842171,"endHours":13.634165062540735,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:38","end":"15:15","startHours":13.634165062540735,"endHours":15.249089943239298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:15","end":"16:52","startHours":15.249089943239298,"endHours":16.86401482393786,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:52","end":"18:29","startHours":16.86401482393786,"endHours":18.478939704636424,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:29","end":"19:52","startHours":18.478939704636424,"endHours":19.86401482393786,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:52","end":"21:15","startHours":19.86401482393786,"endHours":21.249089943239298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:15","end":"22:38","startHours":21.249089943239298,"endHours":22.634165062540735,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:38","end":"00:01","startHours":22.634165062540735,"endHours":24.01924018184217,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:01","end":"01:24","startHours":24.01924018184217,"endHours":25.40431530114361,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:24","end":"02:47","startHours":25.40431530114361,"endHours":26.789390420445045,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:47","end":"04:10","startHours":26.789390420445045,"endHours":28.174465539746485,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:10","end":"05:34","startHours":28.174465539746485,"endHours":29.55954065904792,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:34","end":"06:34","startHours":5.55954065904792,"endHours":6.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:34","end":"07:34","startHours":6.55954065904792,"endHours":7.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:34","end":"08:34","startHours":7.55954065904792,"endHours":8.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:34","end":"09:34","startHours":8.55954065904792,"endHours":9.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:34","end":"10:34","startHours":9.55954065904792,"endHours":10.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:34","end":"11:34","startHours":10.55954065904792,"endHours":11.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:34","end":"12:34","startHours":11.55954065904792,"endHours":12.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:34","end":"13:34","startHours":12.55954065904792,"endHours":13.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:34","end":"14:34","startHours":13.55954065904792,"endHours":14.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:34","end":"15:34","startHours":14.55954065904792,"endHours":15.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:34","end":"16:34","startHours":15.55954065904792,"endHours":16.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:34","end":"17:34","startHours":16.55954065904792,"endHours":17.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:34","end":"18:34","startHours":17.55954065904792,"endHours":18.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:34","end":"19:34","startHours":18.55954065904792,"endHours":19.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:34","end":"20:34","startHours":19.55954065904792,"endHours":20.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:34","end":"21:34","startHours":20.55954065904792,"endHours":21.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:34","end":"22:34","startHours":21.55954065904792,"endHours":22.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:34","end":"23:34","startHours":22.55954065904792,"endHours":23.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:34","end":"00:34","startHours":23.55954065904792,"endHours":24.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:34","end":"01:34","startHours":24.55954065904792,"endHours":25.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:34","end":"02:34","startHours":25.55954065904792,"endHours":26.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:34","end":"03:34","startHours":26.55954065904792,"endHours":27.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:34","end":"04:34","startHours":27.55954065904792,"endHours":28.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:34","end":"05:34","startHours":28.55954065904792,"endHours":29.55954065904792,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":12.351796032890629,"eotMinutes":-3.0500109105302213,"ayanamsa":24.0854}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 20, 2016 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 20, 2016 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:34, sūryāsta 18:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-08-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-08-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-08-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-08-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-08-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:29:55.313Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:29:55.313Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T13:29:55.313Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}