{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2016-07-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-07-24","date_display":"July 24, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":7,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457593.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869128.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":96.9759,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":328.2718,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":231.296,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.296},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":328.2718,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2718},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":65.2477},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":7,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457593.770833,"ahargana":1869128.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0843,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":97.50390299999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":329.079703,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.2887},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":212.53020300000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":114.62840299999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":145.955103,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":110.23100299999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.83440300000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":144.5893,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":324.5893,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":7,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457593.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869128.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":96.9759,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":328.2718,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":231.296,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.296},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":328.2718,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2718},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":65.2477},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.289,"elongation":128.704},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.289,"opposition_distance":51.296}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:21","sunsetLocal":"18:47","solarNoonLocal":"12:04","dayLengthHours":13.440513910858494,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 26 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 33 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:33","moonsetLocal":"09:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:07","end":"18:47","startHours":17.111268883090574,"endHours":18.791333121947886,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:04","end":"13:45","startHours":12.07107616651864,"endHours":13.751140405375951,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:26","end":"17:07","startHours":15.431204644233263,"endHours":17.111268883090574,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:29","end":"08:56","startHours":8.486939123623042,"endHours":8.934956253984991,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:55","end":"06:16","startHours":5.91084062404183,"endHours":6.26925432833139,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:37","end":"12:31","startHours":11.62305903615669,"endHours":12.519093296880591,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:34","end":"04:27","startHours":3.5587506896415935,"endHours":4.454784950365493,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:14","end":"05:21","startHours":4.230776385184518,"endHours":5.350819211089393,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:19","end":"15:12","startHours":14.311161818328388,"endHours":15.207196079052288,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:35","end":"18:59","startHours":18.591333121947887,"endHours":18.991333121947886,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:47","end":"19:21","startHours":18.791333121947886,"endHours":19.351354534900324,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:32","end":"20:17","startHours":18.541333121947886,"endHours":20.291333121947886,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:37","end":"00:31","startHours":23.62305903615669,"endHours":24.51909329688059,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:21","end":"07:02","startHours":5.350819211089393,"endHours":7.030883449946704,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:02","end":"08:43","startHours":7.030883449946704,"endHours":8.710947688804016,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:43","end":"10:23","startHours":8.710947688804016,"endHours":10.391011927661328,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:23","end":"12:04","startHours":10.391011927661328,"endHours":12.07107616651864,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:04","end":"13:45","startHours":12.07107616651864,"endHours":13.751140405375951,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:45","end":"15:26","startHours":13.751140405375951,"endHours":15.431204644233263,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:26","end":"17:07","startHours":15.431204644233263,"endHours":17.111268883090574,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:07","end":"18:47","startHours":17.111268883090574,"endHours":18.791333121947886,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:47","end":"20:07","startHours":18.791333121947886,"endHours":20.111268883090574,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:07","end":"21:26","startHours":20.111268883090574,"endHours":21.43120464423326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:26","end":"22:45","startHours":21.43120464423326,"endHours":22.75114040537595,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:45","end":"00:04","startHours":22.75114040537595,"endHours":24.07107616651864,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:04","end":"01:23","startHours":24.07107616651864,"endHours":25.391011927661328,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:23","end":"02:43","startHours":25.391011927661328,"endHours":26.710947688804016,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:43","end":"04:02","startHours":26.710947688804016,"endHours":28.030883449946707,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:02","end":"05:21","startHours":28.030883449946707,"endHours":29.350819211089394,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":5.350819211089393,"endHours":6.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:21","end":"07:21","startHours":6.350819211089393,"endHours":7.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:21","end":"08:21","startHours":7.350819211089393,"endHours":8.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:21","end":"09:21","startHours":8.350819211089393,"endHours":9.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:21","end":"10:21","startHours":9.350819211089393,"endHours":10.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:21","end":"11:21","startHours":10.350819211089393,"endHours":11.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:21","end":"12:21","startHours":11.350819211089393,"endHours":12.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:21","end":"13:21","startHours":12.350819211089393,"endHours":13.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:21","end":"14:21","startHours":13.350819211089393,"endHours":14.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:21","end":"15:21","startHours":14.350819211089393,"endHours":15.350819211089393,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:21","end":"16:21","startHours":15.350819211089393,"endHours":16.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:21","end":"17:21","startHours":16.350819211089394,"endHours":17.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:21","end":"18:21","startHours":17.350819211089394,"endHours":18.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:21","end":"19:21","startHours":18.350819211089394,"endHours":19.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:21","end":"20:21","startHours":19.350819211089394,"endHours":20.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:21","end":"21:21","startHours":20.350819211089394,"endHours":21.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:21","end":"22:21","startHours":21.350819211089394,"endHours":22.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:21","end":"23:21","startHours":22.350819211089394,"endHours":23.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:21","end":"00:21","startHours":23.350819211089394,"endHours":24.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:21","end":"01:21","startHours":24.350819211089394,"endHours":25.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:21","end":"02:21","startHours":25.350819211089394,"endHours":26.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:21","end":"03:21","startHours":26.350819211089394,"endHours":27.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:21","end":"04:21","startHours":27.350819211089394,"endHours":28.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:21","end":"05:21","startHours":28.350819211089394,"endHours":29.350819211089394,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.803923719600345,"eotMinutes":-6.160169991118456,"ayanamsa":24.0843}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 24, 2016 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 24, 2016 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:21, sūryāsta 18:47.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:45:16.527Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:45:16.527Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T14:45:16.527Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}